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Health to me means, a state of living that is positive and full things that make a person physically well and mentally happier. I believe in both traditional and herbal medicine and feel that combining both has lead to the best health I have been in. To achieve overall health is to look after my body and mind the best I can.

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The competency standard that I feel is most relevant to myself is 12.1 Clinicians develop and maintain an awareness of their own culture, beliefs, values and biases, and their impact on the clinician’s interactions in healthcare settings. I now feel that I have a better understanding of what it means to be aware of my own culture and the way this may affect my practice and how I interact with my future patients. Having learnt the impact that my beliefs, values and biases can impact myself and others I am happy to say that I feel I am in a position where I can feel very strongly about my culture without letting this get in the way of my practice and also allowing me to learn about other cultures during the care I will be giving to patients. This skill is essential to me because I plan to one day work in a hospital setting and Australia is such a multicultural country that the hospitals are bound to be too. I will need to know how to work with patients of other cultures and feel after reading and researching this domain and specific competency standard I will be able to do this very well.

Migrant & Refugee Health partnership. (2019). Culturally responsive clinical practice: Working with people from migrant and refugee backgrounds. 30.

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Australian food: Gluten free Lamington recipe

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Australian food: Gluten free Lamington recipe

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Although I am gluten intolerant I still love the classic lamington, so I have included a recipe that I have used many times and love!
Risch, S. (2023, January 25). Gluten-Free lamingtons. Fun Without Gluten. https://funwithoutgluten.com/gluten-free-lamingtons/

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AFL is one of the most followed sports in Australia and brings out a sense of pride in the countries population.

The objective of the game is to kick the football between a series of 4 goal posts. Depending on which posts the ball goes between will depend on how many points you score. The ball can be passed around between team mates in a series of fashions and the winning team will be the team with the highest number of points at the end of the game.

Rules of Aussie Rules Football

Umpires signal for all decisions and their call is final

By kicking the ball between the goal posts without it being touched by any other player, then 6 points are awarded. If the ball is kicked without being touched between the behind posts (point) then 1 point is scored.

A game consist of four 20 minute quarters.

The game starts with ruck. This is where the umpire throws the ball into the air and one player from each team will try and tap the ball to their team. After a goal has been scored the game will be restarted with the same way as at the beginning of the game.

The only way you can pass the ball is to hand ball. For this to happen the ball must be placed in the palm of the hand and then the ball struck with the butt of the other hand clenched into a fist. You cannot throw or slap the ball to perform a successful pass.

A player can ‘mark’ the ball when they receive it. This can happen one of three ways; the player catches the ball without the ball bouncing, the player catches the ball after it has travelled over 10 metres or the player catches the ball before it’s been touched in the air. Once marked the player cannot then be tackled. If a tackle occurs or an opponent steps over the mark then a foul will be called and the team with the ball will advance 15 metres down the field.

Players can tackle opponents to try and win back the ball. A player can only be tackled from shoulder height downwards.

If a player is tackled and refuses to let go of the ball then holding the ball will be called by the umpire and possession will be turned over.

Players are permitted to block their opposition by shepherding players away from the ball. This can only be done within 5 metres of the ball.

Players are omitted from pushing their opponents in the back either whilst they are running or whilst in a tackle.

Rules Of Sport, 2022. Aussie rules football: How to play australian rules football. Rules of Sport. https://www.rulesofsport.com/sports/aussie-rules-football.html

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The impact social determinants can have on migrant/refugees in Australia

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The impact social determinants can have on migrant/refugees in Australia

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Migrating to a new country you may know nothing about while fleeing potential conflict from your home country. However, something I will never understand, I can never begin to imagine how terrifying it must be. On top of this immigrants and refugees struggle even after arriving in Australia.
Education:
In some countries education is not anywhere as prioritised as it is in Australia, so things like basic reading/writing and numeracy skills that Australians learn very early on may be of a much more limited level for an immigrant/refugee. Not being educated on personal health and where to seek health advice can lead to immigrants and refugees becoming ill and in turn negatively impacting their physical health as well as not knowing what counselling services are available. Poor education is still a leading cause of poor health in Australia let alone immigrants/refugees that have migrated here. For example, Australian men aged 25–84 years with low education (no Year 12 and no post-secondary qualification) have a mortality rate around 120% higher than those who have a higher level of education (J Epidemiol, 2020), now imagine someone who has never received a proper education and how this would affect their mortality rate.

Unemployment and job insecurity:
Another social determinant that impacts immigrants/refugees is unemployment and job insecurity. Maintaining a comfortable income while living abroad is very important but can be a struggle. The cost of living is at an all-time high and to get a job without relevant experience makes the experience a lot more difficult and causes a vicious cycle of insecurity. This would then affect the level of healthcare that they would be able to afford and put aside for their health.

Social inclusion and non-discrimination:
Immigrants/refugees may find it hard to feel a sense of inclusion when in Australia because although it is such a multicultural country there is still a lot of unspoken discrimination and racism present in day-to-day life. It could affect the care they receive due to people's pre-determined opinions which is horrible and makes me so upset to know they are treated differently but unfortunately, it is the reality.

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I am from South Australia, I was born in Loxton but lived in a small country town named waikerie. Growing up my family did a lot of work in the wine regions so it is quite close to home. Wineries are a rich part of Australian culture and fall under agriculture. Coonawarra is world-famous for its Cabernet Sauvignon and continues to be a dominating factor in the winery industry.

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Health issues that refugees may face immigrating to Australia from India 

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Health issues that refugees may face immigrating to Australia from India 

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Some of the health issues that Indian immigrants/refugees may face migrating to Australia are hypertension, nutritional deficits and tuberculosis for example.

Hypertension:
Hypertension is high blood pressure levels that are defined as systolic pressure of 130 or higher, or a diastolic pressure of 80 or higher. High blood pressure can damage your arteries by making them less elastic, which decreases the flow of blood and oxygen to your heart and leads to heart disease. If untreated it will lead on to diseases and poor health as stated above. This can be treated long term via lifestyle changes such as dieting, exercising and weight loss and short term, medications can be prescribed to lower blood pressure to normal levels.

Nutritional deficits:
Nutritional deficits are defined as a lack of essential vitamins and minerals as well as poor diet leading to malnutrition. They most common deficiency among Indians living in Australia was vitamin D deficiency. It can be treated by taking supplements containing vitamin d and getting more exposure to sun light.

Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that most often damages your lungs, but can affect any part of your body. TB is treated by a combination of antibacterial medications for a period of six to 12 months. The most common treatment for active TB is isoniazid INH in combination with three other drugs rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol.

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Art has been a form of story-telling for thousands of years and is still a very prominent aspect of Aboriginal culture. Artwork can include landscapes, animals, people and so much more. It is a beautiful method of communication and I will forever be in awe when I come across artwork made by indigenous artists.

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This iconic Aussie classic is the definition of Australian culture, featuring lyrics involving locations, landmarks and even vegemite! Loved by people all over the world, this song has been played everywhere.

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Australian workplace culture tends to be more laid back with less of a hierarchy approach to working. There are many laws governing hours, working conditions and the fair treatment of workers. Although it is more laid back, working hard is valued. Everyone puts their part in and everyone gets treated well. Arriving on time and working to the best of your ability is expected but their are so many factors in place to assist workers when they don't feel they are being treated well or are in poor health.