# data[].attributes.body
"As the girl shook sagged on the steps, he sat next to her and held his face in his hands. It would be easy to say he was just a tall man sitting poor-postured and shattered on some church steps, but he wasn't.

The use of the term "poor postured and Shattered" and the phrse "the girl shook sagged on the steps" show us the sittuation between these characters is tense as they are in a very uncomfortable situation mentaly that has them physically reacting in a deffensive, and a contemplative manner.

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"every night, I wait in the dark and the Fuhrer comes down the steps. He walks down and he and I, we fight for hours."

This Fight against the Fuhrer that Max imagines every night symbolises his fight against impending death and how with each passing day the threat of death by the nazi party is everpresent. The imaginary Fuhrer represents the ideas of Jewish oppression and the peoples desire to remove all Jewish influence on sight. While Max fights this threat everyday it doesnt go away in his mind and it won't untill "he"(the supporters of jewish peoples) defeats the Fuhrer and his ideals throughout the German people.

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"Your soul will be in my arms. A color will be perched on my
shoulder. I will carry you gently away."(4)

"Don’t die,” she whispered. “Please, Max, just don’t die.”
He was the second snowman to be melting away before her eyes, only this one was different. It was a paradox.
The colder he became, the more he melted."(317)

"or all I saw was a man in bed. I knelt. I readied myself to insert my hands through the blankets. Then there was a resurgence—an immense struggle against my weight"(317)

Death can bring peace to the soul or bring struggle to those who defy it to acheive goals they set in life.

Death can brng you peace if you accept it but when people fight to survive while they're dying it shows how they desire to live long enough to complete some goal, whether that is to live for someone else, or to live to see the fruits of your struggles through life. In this case Max Vanderburg was dying of sickness in the Hubermann's home. As death comes to take Max, Max struggles against him to deny the peace of death so he can live for the sacrifices of his friends and family as well as to live for the family that took him in, despite the danger it posed.

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"I have hated words and I have loved them, and I hope I have made them right." (528).

People can find hope and human connection in the midst of horrific circumstances, if they are open to allowing words and stories to transform them as people.

Her quote illustrates her transformative journey with language. This supports the theme of finding hope and connection through the power of words, even in dire circumstances. This is further illustrated in one of the conflicts earlier in the book, in which Liesel gets into a fight with Ludwig because the power his words have on her as a person.

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War can make one contemplate their fate in life.

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War can make one contemplate their fate in life.

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"Full of blood and violence—but also full of stories that are equally difficult to fathom. “It’s true,” people will mutter... I was left standing there, the only one without a bullet between my eyes. Why me? Why me and not them?”

The Accordionist

Han Huberman ponders if the injuries he sustained were meant to stop him from going into battle, and it was for a greater reason that it was not his time to die. War is the barbaric judgement system of humans deciding who is right and wrong on their own accord, for they attempt to pass their own "judgement" on each other. This causes one to contemplate wheather the concept of fate and destiny is not set by time, but is acutally manmade.

# data[].attributes.headline
Symbolism (Stealing Books) - This is Jake, don't know why my name is anonymous.

# data[].attributes.subject
Symbolism (Stealing Books) - This is Jake, don't know why my name is anonymous.

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"They moved toward the truck.
The threesome of books poked their noses out.
Liesel moved in.
The heat was still strong enough to warm her when she stood at the foot of the ash heap. When she reached her hand in, she was bitten, but on the second attempt, she made sure she was fast enough." (120).

In the Book Thief the act of book stealing symbolizes defiance. In this scene Liesel is stealing a book that the Nazi regime was burning. Preserving books that would be burned by the regime is a direct defiance to the regime. This is also shown when she steals the Grave Digger's Handbook. She defies the rules and steals it knowing she should not.

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"Rudy and his sisters each tapped a different domino and they watched them fall until the tower in the middle was brought to its knees. The girls cheered.

Kurt, his older brother, arrived in the room.

'They look like dead bodies,' he said."

Pg. 410

The dominoes symbolize the slow fall of Nazi Germany, with the dominoes slowly falling, progressively going to destroy something bigger, the head of Nazi Germany.

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"He had nothing to give, except maybe Mein Kampf, and there was no way he's give such propaganda to a young German girl. That would be like the lamb handug a knife to the butcher."

Pg. 221

Max fears that giving her the Mein Kampf would destroy her innocence. The author compares this destruction to a lamb handing the butcher the knife that it will be slaughtered with.

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"The second eye jumped awake and she caught me out, no doubt about it. It was exactly when I knelt down and extracted his soul, holding it limply in my swollen arms. He warmed up soon after, but when I picked him up originally, the boy’s spirit was soft and cold, like ice cream. He started melting in my arms. Then warming up completely. Healing." (21).

The use of longer sentences in this excerpt wants to put the reader at a slower pace. By making the reader read at a slower pace it places emphasis on every action that is happening. In said paragraph the Author uses many periods to slow down the reader's pace and make us have to accept Liesel's brother's death. All of these elements together reveal a Tone of acceptance.

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"When the coughing stopped, there was nothing but the nothingness of life moving on with a shuffle, or a near-
silent twitch. A suddenness found its way onto his lips then, which were a corroded brown color and peeling,
like old paint. In desperate need of redoing."

The words "stopped" "nothingness" and "silent" both serve to reveal the tone of sorrowfulness in this moment. "Stopped" helps to reveal the tone because people often associate stoppage, or something slowing down with aging and death which are both sorrowful topics. "Nothingness" helps reveal the tone because it emphasizes the bleakness of the scene. The word "silent" shows the desolation and that nothing and nobody can change what is happening.

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"To Live.

Living was living.

The price was guilt and shame."

Pg. 208

The short sentence structure encapsulates the simplicity of living but as the great cost of being viewed as an outcast from others.

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"The anthem.

Heil Hitler.

Only then could they begin."

Pg. 360

The short sentences used here help produce a tense tone. The two word sentences help show a seriousness to the anthem and heiling Hitler during this time. The last sentence shows why the anthem was necessary to the fair beginning, causing a tense mood to be made with emphasizing the importance of the anthem.

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“'What are you doing?'
Hans Hubermann arrived at the church steps.
'Hi, Papa.'
“You were supposed to be in front of the town hall.”
'Sorry, Papa.'
He sat down next to her, halving his tallness on the concrete and taking a piece of Liesel’s hair. His fingers
adjusted it gently behind her ear. 'Liesel, what’s wrong?'

...

'Is my mother a communist?' Staring. Straight ahead. 'They were always asking her things, before I came
here.'
Hans edged forward a little, forming the beginnings of a lie. 'I have no idea—I never met her.'
'Did the Führer take her away?'
The question surprised them both, and it forced Papa to stand up. He looked at the brown-shirted men taking to
the pile of ash with shovels. He could hear them hacking into it. Another lie was growing in his mouth, but he
found it impossible to let it out. He said, 'I think he might have, yes.'

'I knew it.' The words were thrown at the steps and Liesel could feel the slush of anger, stirring hotly in her
stomach. 'I hate the Führer,' she said. 'I hate him.'
And Hans Hubermann?
What did he do?
What did he say?
Did he bend down and embrace his foster daughter, as he wanted to? Did he tell her that he was sorry for what
was happening to her, to her mother, for what had happened to her brother?
Not exactly.
He clenched his eyes. Then opened them. He slapped Liesel Meminger squarely in the face.
'Don’t ever say that!' His voice was quiet, but sharp." (114-116).

This interaction between Liesel and Hans uses Action and Inner Thoughts to demonstrate Hans character. A key statement by the Narrator in this excerpt is that he wanted to embrace Liesel, but he decided to hit her instead. This shows that he wants the best for her in the outside world even if he sees where she is coming from. His willingness to do what he knows will protect Liesel the best for the future shows his protective nature.

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"In the break, she was taunted. A boy named Ludwig Schmeikl came up to her with a book. 'Hey, Liesel,' he said to her, 'I’m having trouble with this word. Could you read it for me?' He laughed—a ten-year-old, smugness laughter. 'You Dummkopf—you idiot.'

...

Nearing the end of the break, the tally of comments stood at nineteen. By the twentieth, she snapped. It was Schmeikl, back for more. 'Come on, Liesel.' He stuck the book under her nose. 'Help me out, will you?' Liesel helped him out, all right." (78).

In these excerpts the conflict between Liesel and Ludwig is shown just up to before their fight. This conflict was caused by Liesel's want to read in front of the class and test her reading abilities which she had been practicing. However her doing that led to her being reprimanded by her teacher and mocked by the rest of the students. The fight between Liesel and Ludwig is the climax of this conflict which had Liesel win. Her winning that fight led to the end of her get mocked by other students solving her conflict. Her overcoming this conflict in this method reveals that she is willing to stick up for herself and her ideals.

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"Throughout the test, Liesel sat with a mixture of hot anticipation and excruciating fear. She wanted desperately to measure herself, to find out once and for all how her learning was advancing. Was she up to it? Could she even come close to Rudy and the rest of them? Each time Sister Maria looked at her list, a string of nerves tightened in Liesel’s ribs. It started in her stomach but had worked its way up. Soon, it would be around her neck, thick as rope." (75-76).

This excerpt does an excellent job of showing the anxiety and decisiveness of Liesel in this moment. She wants to read in front of the class to test her reading ability which she has been working towards for months. She is having an immense struggle with even sitting there waiting to potentially go in front of the class. It is obviously weighing down on her greatly.

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"'Saumensch, du dreckiges!' Liesel’s foster mother shouted that first evening when she refused to have a bath.
'You filthy pig! Why won’t you get undressed?' She was good at being furious." (32).

"When Liesel finally had a bath, after two weeks of living on Himmel Street, Rosa gave her an enormous, injury-
inducing hug. Nearly choking her, she said, 'Saumensch, du dreckiges—it’s about time!'" (35).

Both of these actions from Rosa show her character greatly. The first one does a great job of establishing her very tempered manner through the use of screaming and a direct characterization. The second example shows that Rosa despite her tempered nature does have a loving nature and just wants the best for Liesel.

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"The church disappeared in darkness the farther his eyes traveled upward. It all watched him. He shivered. He warned himself. “Keep your eyes open.”

Pg. 169

Max Vandenburg feels intimidated by the dimly lit buildings because he feels vulnerable and unsafe on his journey to Molching.

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"It was a year for the ages, like 79, like 1346, to name a few. Forget the scythe, Goddamn it, I needed a broom or a mop. And I needed a vacation."

Pg. 307

In using words like "forget" and "Goddamn it," the author creates a feeling of being irritated. The use of the word "forget" implies Death wants to be relieved of their duties for even a little while, while the use of "Goddamn it" clearly shows an annoyance to the topic at hand, being tired of their job during the time.

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Liesel-"Every minute, every hour, there was worry, or more to this point, paranoia."p129. "for Liesel, the paranoia itself became the punishment, as did the dread of delivering some washing to the mayor's house."p129. These feelings of dread stem from Liesels guilty conciance after realising she was watched by the mayors wife as she stole a book from the bonfire. Liesel believes the Mayors wife will turn her into the authorities when she is next forced to visit her home. I believe this fear is furthered by the thought that she may face the same consequence as her mother, where she will be taken and most likely killed for going against the Nazi regime.

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"On the whole, it was a street filled with relatively poor peopl, despite the apparent rise of Germany's eonomy under Hitler. Poor sides of town still existed-p46" This helps the reader visualise that Liesel was taken in by a poor family in a bleaker part of Germany where people were just trying to survive.

Time-"In 1939, this wasn't a problem. Later, in '42 and '43, it was-p32" "Despite the apparent rise of Germany's economy under Hitler-p46" These statements from Death help us understand that Liesel's story takes place during WW2 in Germany. This knowledge allows us to better understand the struggles Liesel will face in the heart of Germany where the Nazi rule is most promanent.

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Hans Hubermann-p28 AS Liesel was fearfull and refusing to get out of the car to get to her new home "It was the Tall man who did it. Quietly." "Eventually, Liesel Meminger walked gingerly inside. Hans Hubermann had her by one hand." These actions help us infer the nature of Hans Huberman, which can be described as quiet, and possibly charming or kind since he was able to get a Scared little girl to walk gingerly with him out of hiding.

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"I knew it." the words were thrown at the steps and Liesel couls feel the slush of anger. stirring hotly in her stomach."I hate the fuhrer," she said. " I hate him".p115 "He clenched his eyes. Then opened them. He slapped Liesel Meminger squarley in the face. " Don't ever say that!" His voice was quiet but sharp." This interaction helps us understand how Hans cares for Liesel and fears for their safety from the Nazi party. So he strikes noticable fear into Liesel to hopefully have her understand how serious of a situation can be caused by her words, since it even brings fear into her Papa.

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"Children were there, quick as, well, quick as kids gravitating toward a fight. A stew of arms and legs, of shouts and cheers grew thicker around them. They were watching Liesel Meminger give Ludwig Schmeikl the hiding of a lifetime. “Jesus, Mary, and Joseph,” a girl commentated with a shriek, “she’s going to kill him!”

Pg. 47

Liesel is brutally pummeling the classmates who made fun of her for attempting to read. This exposes her dark side and intimidates the other classmates.

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"In the distance, there was gunfire. It triggered a reaction. “Look,” said Schneider, “this isn’t like the others. It will take all morning, maybe longer.” He couldn’t resist a smile. “Schlink was polishing that ****house while the rest of you were playing cards, but this time, you’re going out there.” Life or pride."

Pg. 177

Schneider is telling his men to make the difficult decision of going out there and saving his friend or leaving him to die. Pressure is placed upon all the soldiers to acquire the courage to face the risk of dying to an unseen enemy.

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"In the basement of 33 Himmel Street, Max Vandenburg could feel the fists of an entire nation. One by one they climbed into the ring and beat him down. They made him bleed. They let him suffer. Millions of them-- until one last time, when he gathered himself to his feet..."

Pg. 254

The conflict of Max imagining him fighting the nation shows me that he believes the nation is against him, which it is, and that he is accepting of this fact, allowing the nation to beat him down.

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"His favorite fight, now that he looked back, was Fight Number Five against a tall, tough, rangy kid named Walter Kugler. They were fifteen. Walter had won all four of their previous encounters, but this time, Max could feel something different."

Pg. 190

The conflict of Max fighting Walter is showing his desire to fight simply to fight, with the only desire of fighting others is to receive the thrill of winning or losing.

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HERE IS A SMALL FACT

You are going to die. "I am in all truthfulness attempting to be cheerful about this whole topic, though most people find themselves hindered in believing me, no matter my protestations. Please, trust me. I most definitely can be cheerful. I can be amiable. Agreeable. Affable. And that’s only the A’s. Just don’t ask me to be nice. Nice has nothing to do with me."

Pg. 3

Death is perceived as a humble entity the author includes to remind that all roads lead to death. The author includes the human bias of death to add more personality and depth to the characterization of Death. The author also sets Death as the narrator of this story because Death is very prominent in this era of war.

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When Liesel stone another book, Hans' reacted with stating that, "I don't need to trade any more cigarettes, do I?" Not when you're stealing these as fast as I can buy them."

Pg. 126

This shows to me that Hans is aware of the fact that Liesel is stealing books, as well as him being ok with her stealing books.

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"Munich Street, like every other main street in Germany, was alive with war. The smell, the voice. Rationing had begun a few days earlier--the writing on the wall-- and now it was official. England and France had made their declaration on Germany. To steal a phrase from Hans Hubermann:

The fun begins."

Pg. 74

This description of Munich Street during this time period show me that tensions are high in Munich Street due to the war. The rationing show me also that people are beginning to get concerned for the war and its effects on the economy.

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"He was eight months older than Liesel and had bony legs, sharp teeth, gangly blue eyes, and hair the color of a lemon."

Pg. 48

This description emphasizes that he is a rowdy, energetic boy who stands out from the rest of the kids in his neighborhood.

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"Her knees entered the ground. Her moment had arrived. Still in disbelief, she started to dig. He couldn't be dead. He couldn't--

Within seconds, snow was carved into her skin.

Frozen blood was cracked across her hands."

Pg. 23

Her actions when her brother was finished being buried shows me that she doesn't have a full understanding of death, and that she remains optimistic of the idea that her brother is alive.

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Death is a beautiful thing when examined under the eyes of those who deal with death firsthand

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Death is a beautiful thing when examined under the eyes of those who deal with death firsthand

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"A LAST NOTE FROM YOUR NARRATOR

I am haunted by humans."

Death claiming they are haunted by humans tells me that there have been stories that Death has lived through that have changed them. With people's life stories being as beautiful as they are, including Liesel's, Death can do nothing but respect the story of their life.

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"***September-November 1939***

1. World War Two begins.

2. Liesel Meminger becomes the heavyweight champion of the school yard."

3. Pg. 73

Liesel's fight happens on the same day that World War II begins. The author makes this connection because this is a major realization for Liesel that she has a dark side. This date also marks that there is a darker force challenging the borders of Poland.