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Climate change has always been there in the history of the planet. But the global warming we have been witnessing for about 150 years is anomalous because it is triggered by man and his activities. It is called the anthropogenic greenhouse effect and is added to the natural greenhouse effect. With the Industrial Revolution, man suddenly dumped millions of tons of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere bringing the amount of CO2 present in the atmosphere at twice the minimum of the last 700 thousand years (410-415 parts for

million compared to 200-180 parts per million).

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"Climate change" refers to long-term changes in temperatures and weather patterns. These changes can occur naturally, for example through variations in the solar cycle.

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The causes of climate change are: energy production, the manufacture of products and deforestation.

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The production of electricity and heat by burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas causes a large share of global emissions. Most electricity is still generated by fossil fuels; only about a quarter is generated by wind, sun and other renewable sources.

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The manufacturing sector and industry produce emissions, predominantly from the burning of fossil fuels, in order to generate energy to make things like concrete, iron, steel, electronic devices, plastics, clothes, and other products. Mining and other industrial processes also release gases.

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Cutting down forests to create farms or pastures, or for other reasons, causes emissions; in fact, trees, once felled, release the carbon they have stored. Since forests absorb carbon dioxide, cutting them down also limits nature's ability to keep emissions out of the atmosphere

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Consequences of climate change: Higher temperatures.

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Consequences of climate change: Higher temperatures.

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Nearly all land surfaces are experiencing more hot days and heat waves; 2020 was one of the hottest years on record. Rising temperatures increase heat-related illnesses and can make it more difficult to work and move around. Fires break out more easily and spread more rapidly when it is hotter.

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Consequences of climate change: More intense storms.

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Consequences of climate change: More intense storms.

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Changes in temperatures cause changes in rainfall patterns. As a result, more intense and frequent storms occur, causing floods and landslides, destroying homes and communities, and incurring costs worth billions of dollars.

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Consequences of climate change: Increased drought

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Consequences of climate change: Increased drought

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Water is becoming scarcer in more regions. Droughts can unleash destructive dust and sand storms that are capable of moving billions of tons of sand from one continent to another. Deserts are expanding, reducing the land used to grow food. Many people now face the threat of not having enough water available on a regular basis.

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