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Many hackers seek out and download code written by other people. There are thousands of different programs hackers use to explore computers and networks. ... The trial and error method of hacking passwords is called a brute force attack, meaning the hacker tries to generate every possible combination to gain access.

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Hey Godwing (Mike Godwing, 1990) ...
Poe's Law (Nathan Poe 2005) ...
Rule 34 (4chan.org) ...
Skitt's Law (G Bryan Lord, 1998) ...
Scopie's Law (Rich Scopie) ...
Danth's Law (also known as Parker's Law) ...
Pommer's Law (Rob Pommer, 2007) ...
DeMyer's Second Law (Ken DeMeyer)

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Cybercriminals have several password-hacking tactics at their disposal, but the easiest one is simply to buy your passwords off the dark web. There’s big money in the buying and selling of login credentials and passwords on the blackmarket, and if you’ve been using the same password for many years, chances are it’s been compromised.

But if you’ve been wise enough to keep your passwords off the aggregated blackmarket lists, cybercriminals have to crack them. And if that’s the case, they’re bound to use one of the methods below. These attacks can be aimed at your actual accounts or possibly at a leaked database of hashed passwords.

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Make it long. This is the most critical factor. Choose nothing shorter than 15 characters, more if possible.

Use a mix of characters. The more you mix up letters (upper-case and lower-case), numbers, and symbols, the more potent your password is, and the harder it is for a brute force attack to crack it.

Avoid common substitutions. Password crackers are hip to the usual substitutions. Whether you use DOORBELL or D00R8377, the brute force attacker will crack it with equal ease. These days, random character placement is much more effective than common leetspeak* substitutions. (*leetspeak definition: an informal language or code used on the Internet, in which standard letters are often replaced by numerals or special characters.)

Don’t use memorable keyboard paths. Much like the advice above not to use sequential letters and numbers, do not use sequential keyboard paths either (like qwerty). These are among the first to be guessed.

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Use antivirus programs and make sure they are always up to date.
Keep all software up-to-date, including applications (it's best to use automatic updates).
Never use the same password for more than one website.
Make sure your password is not a dictionary word and contains uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols.
Be careful when you click on links in emails or social networks. Make sure you are redirected to the correct site, and if you are unsure, manually enter the address.
Be careful when you do something that involves handling confidential or financial information over unsecured public Wi-Fi networks (for example, shopping or online banking).

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be respectful – and expect respect. Respect for yourself and other people is important in all relationships, and it's no different when you're online.

Protect your reputation. ...

Protect your privacy. ...

Watch your tone. ...

Be sceptical.

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The Internet is made up of a massive network of specialized computers called routers. Each router's job is to know how to move packets along from their source to their destination. A packet will have moved through multiple routers during its journey.

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it's a site that we could search, and find information