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Formative assessment is a process of evaluating the students’ knowledge as they learn. It is a method of on-going assessment and it involves putting together a series of questions and/or exercises to help you monitor the learner’s progress during the course. Formative assessments can happen everyday during the teaching process. It can be used to evaluate what students know at a particular point so that the teacher would intervene to meet the lesson/course objectives. It can also be done as student self assessment as part of their reflection on their learning process. Formative assessments are embedded in practice and are great way to improve practice.

Formative assessments usually comprise of the following key aspects to collect data about the students' learning:

Low-stakes assessment

Goal of informing instruction

Gain insight on learning status

Helps identify knowledge retention and understanding

Daily, weekly, or otherwise frequent checks

Generally short and quick checks

Comes in many forms: quiz, exit ticket, artwork, venn diagram, game, presentation, etc.

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Module 1: Definition of Formative Assessment

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Diagnostic assessment are a form of pre-assessment where teachers can evaluate students’ strengths, weaknesses, knowledge and skills before their instruction.  Written by students, a diagnostic assessment is a tool for teachers to better understand what students already know about a topic when submitted before the start of a course. An identical assessment may be given post-instruction to identify if students have met a course’s required learning objectives, track the students' progress and to provide a before and after snapshot of the students' learning.

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With a diagnostic assessment, teachers can plan meaningful and efficient instruction and can provide students with an individualized learning experience. Diagnostic assessments are used to benchmark student progress by collecting data and comparing knowledge ate the beginning of the  unit or course with the end of the unit or course . In order to do this, the teacher can give the same assessment at the beginning and end of the unit to track students' progress.

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Formative vs. Summative vs. Diagnostic Assessment

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Mind maps

Flow charts

KWL charts

Short quizzes

Journal entries

Questionnaires

Student interviews

Student reflections

Graphic organizers

Classroom discussions

Pre-test, Post-test

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Diagnostic Assessment: Examples & Overview

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Diagnostic Assessments in the virtual classroom

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Diagnostic Assessments in the virtual classroom

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Summative assessments are assessments of long term learning and typically occurs at the end of the learning process and is typically graded.  Summative assessments should be planned and given at the end of a unit, section, or course. Summative assessments are typically used to evaluate student’s learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark.

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Summative assessment seeks to verify or “make sure” that students have achieved the expected level of  learning as set out in the curriculum. While it can be differentiated, it seeks to check the achievement of certain learning standards that have already been outlined. Summative assessments provide evidence of the degree to which a student have mastered the knowledge, understandings, and skills of the unit.

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Term/final exams

End of unit tests

Final projects or cumulative portfolios (example below)

Standardized tests

Interviews

Presentations

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Summative Assessment: Overview & Examples

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Summative Assessments in the virtual classroom.

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Summative Assessments in the virtual classroom.

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The main goal of formative assessments is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning.

Formative assessment is critical for adjusting learning strategies and instructional activities to better assist students in reaching their defined learning goals. Formative assessment seeks to take students at where they are, in order to better plan the route toward where we want them to be. These are generally not graded and take a more qualitative approach to students’ progress and understanding. Data from formative assessment is used by the teacher to adjust or modify instruction to meet the students needs.

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Mid-unit quizzes

Pretests

Homework activities

Entry/Exit tickets (example below)

Classroom discussion (think-pair-share)

Journaling

Class polls

Individual white obards

Visualizations (art, drawing)

Student interview (Flipgrid)

Self-assessment

Misconceptions and Errors: asking students what parts are difficult and confusing.

Hand signals (On a scale of 1-5  how well do you understand?)

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Formative Assessments: Why, When & Top 5 Examples

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Formative assessments in the virtual classroom.

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Formative assessments in the virtual classroom.

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5 Ways to Conduct Formative Assessments Virtually

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Performance assessment, also known as alternative or authentic assessment, is a form of testing that requires students to use their knowledge to perform a task rather than select an answer from a ready-made list. Basically, a performance assessment is a tool for gathering evidence about what students can do with their knowledge.

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This form of assessment requires students to demonstrate what they know and maybe a more valid indicator of student knowledge and skills rather than selecting a MC question. Effective performance assessments allow students to apply knowledge to solve a problem or demonstrate a skill. In performance assessments, students demonstrate or construct something, and that work is assessed using observation and judgment, often using a tool like a rubric.

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Examples: Open ended/extended responses, extended tasks, portfolios.

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Examples: Open ended/extended responses, extended tasks, portfolios.

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Oral presentation

Explain historical events

Solve math problems

Science Labs

Debate

Shoot a film

Converse in foreign language

Performance a musical piece

Complete a sports specific skill

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PD Online. Types of Assessment. 2012. ASCD.
Promethean. Types of Summative Assessment and Formative Assessment. 2017. ResourcEd.

Teachings in Education. (2017, January 17). Summative Assessment: Overview and Examples. [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjnrI3ZO2tU

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Archived: PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT. (n.d.). Education Office of Research. Retrieved July 23, 2021, from https://www2.ed.gov/pubs/OR/ConsumerGuides/perfasse.html

Teachings in Education. (2017, April 17). Performance Based Assessment. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYcGO1Izs-U

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Top Hat. (2019, September 16). Diagnostic Assessment Definition and Meaning. https://tophat.com/glossary/d/diagnostic-assessment/

Teachings in Education.  (2016, December 16). Diagnostic Assessment: Examples and Overview. [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-WEmsuvDsA

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PD Online. Types of Assessment. 2012. ASCD.

Teachings in Education. (2016, November 15). Formative Assessment: Why, When, & Top 5 Examples [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-RXYTpgvB5I