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Investment compound interest on google sheets

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How To: Quick Tutorial for New Google Slides Presentation

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What is Grok Cyber?

Grok Cyber consists of 3 activities: Cyber Comp, Cyber Pursuit and Cyber Live.

Grok Cyber Comp is happening between 31 May and 16 June. It is a 45 minute online activity open to all Australian school students in years 5 -12. The comp consists of 12 interactive problems in which students explore how to be more secure online and discover common cyber security risks.

Grok Cyber Pursuit takes place between August and October in 2021. It consists of Capture the Flag style problems which can take between 10 and 30 minutes to solve. These are challenging problems for keen students. Students take part in teams of 2 to 5 students. It is aimed at students in year 7 and above.

Grok Cyber Live is a one day in-person event scheduled for November 2021. Invited teams will apply cyber security skills in a live dynamic setting, with industry professionals and challenging scenarios.

Who can participate in Grok Cyber?

All students in Australian from years 5-12 can participate for free in Grok Cyber Comp. Grok Cyber Pursuit and Grok Cyber Live are aimed at students in years 7 to 12.

Why should students take part in Grok Cyber Comp?

After taking part in Grok Cyber Comp students will:

Have a greater understanding of why it is important to protect their personal information

Know how to create stronger passwords

Be able to evaluate emails and text messages to reduce the risk of falling victim to scams

Understand what to do if they receive a scam email or message

When should students do Grok Cyber?

We recommend students take part in Grok Cyber Comp at school, during class time. The activity is suitable as a whole class activity during a pastoral care class, to address ICT Capabilities, as part of a Digital Technologies lesson or as part of a school's digital citizenship or digital literacy program.

How do students participate in Grok Cyber Comp?

The competition window will be open for 2 weeks from 31 May to 13 June 2021. Each student can attempt the competition for a 1 hour window anytime within that two week period. Students will only be able to participate once after their clock starts.

Teachers who register students will be given a link for their students to access Grok Cyber Comp.

What happens after the Cyber Comp is over?

After the competition window, Grok Cyber Comp will continue to be available for students to participate in, however they will not receive a completion certificate.

Can students take part in Grok Cyber Pursuit if they haven't taken part in Grok Cyber Comp?

Yes, students can take part in Grok Cyber Pursuit whether or not they've taken part in Grok Cyber Comp.

How do students receive their results?

Students will receive their Grok Cyber Comp results in the week after Grok Cyber Comp is completed. Schools will also receive a report outlining aggregated results for their school, with suggestions to improve their school's overall cyber security awareness.

Is there a cost to take part?

Grok Cyber Comp and Grok Cyber Pursuit are free to take part in. Students and teachers invited to take part in Grok Cyber Live may need to cover some travel and accommodation costs.

Are there prizes?

All students taking part in Grok Cyber Comp receive a certificate recognising their achievement.

Information for teachers

How can my students prepare?

No preparation is required for your students to take part in Grok Cyber. It's good if your students have a general awareness of how to stay secure online. The final questions in Grok Cyber Comp are designed to be challenging for students. All problems contain an explanation, and some hints are also provided.

Do my students need to have an understanding of cyber security to take part?

Students do not need any specific understanding of cyber security to take part in Grok Cyber Comp. Grok Cyber Pursuit and Live are more challenging events for students who show a particular interest or aptitude for cyber security.

Do students take part as individuals or in teams?

Students register individually on groklearning.com to take part in Grok Cyber Comp. We encourage students to discuss their answers with peers and and as a group when they receive their results and feedback. Grok Cyber Pursuit and Grok Cyber Live are team events.

How can students continue learning after they complete Grok Cyber Comp?

Students can continue learning about cyber security by completing the Schools Cyber Security Challenges. The Schools Cyber Security Challenges are online activities available year round, designed for Australian students.

Challenges cover information privacy and security, data encryption and transmission, wired and wireless network security and web application security. With up to 28 hours of content available across 5 Challenges, the Challenges are suitable for students in years 5 to 12 and cover many key areas in the Australian Curriculum (Digital Technologies and ICT Capability).

How do I register students if I am a teacher?

Access Grok Cyber Comp using the buttons below. From Grok Learning, teachers can visit their teacher dashboard and assign students to the relevant comp for their year level.

Another way to get students into the Comp is to share the following links directly with students:

You can enrol your students at any time between now and when you want your students to complete Grok Cyber Comp (during the two week period starting 31 May 2021).

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Grok Cyber consists of 3 activities: Cyber Comp, Cyber Pursuit and Cyber Live. Grok Cyber Comp is happening between 31 May and 16 June. It is a 45 minute online activity open to all Australian school students in years 5 -12.

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Compound interest calculator - Moneysmart.gov.au

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Our compound interest calculator shows you how compound interest can increase your savings.

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Simple Interest Calculator - powered by WebMath

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Interest is defined as the cost of borrowing money as in the case of interest charged on a loan balance. Conversely, interest can also be the rate paid for money on deposit as in the case of a certificate of deposit. Interest can be calculated in two ways, simple interest or compound interest.

Simple interest is calculated on the principal, or original, amount of a loan.

Compound interest is calculated on the principal amount and also on the accumulated interest of previous periods, and can thus be regarded as "interest on interest."

There can be a big difference in the amount of interest payable on a loan if interest is calculated on a compound rather than simple basis. On the positive side, the magic of compounding can work to your advantage when it comes to your investments and can be a potent factor in wealth creation.

While simple interest and compound interest are basic financial concepts, becoming thoroughly familiar with them may help you make more informed decisions when taking out a loan or investing.

Simple Interest Formula

The formula for calculating simple interest is:

Thus, if simple interest is charged at 5% on a $10,000 loan that is taken out for three years, the total amount of interest payable by the borrower is calculated as $10,000 x 0.05 x 3 = $1,500.

Interest on this loan is payable at $500 annually, or $1,500 over the three-year loan term.

Compound Interest Formula

The formula for calculating compound interest in a year is:

Compound Interest = Total amount of Principal and Interest in future (or Future Value) less the Principal amount at present called Present Value (PV). PV is the current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return.

Continuing with the simple interest example, what would be the amount of interest if it is charged on a compound basis? In this case, it would be:

$10,000 [(1 + 0.05) ³ - 1] = $10,000 [1.157625 - 1] = $1,576.25.

While the total interest payable over the three-year period of this loan is $1,576.25, unlike simple interest, the interest amount is not the same for all three years because compound interest also takes into consideration accumulated interest of previous periods. Interest payable at the end of each year is shown in the table below.

Compounding Periods

When calculating compound interest, the number of compounding periods makes a significant difference. Generally, the higher the number of compounding periods, the greater the amount of compound interest. So for every $100 of a loan over a certain period, the amount of interest accrued at 10% annually will be lower than the interest accrued at 5% semi-annually, which will, in turn, be lower than the interest accrued at 2.5% quarterly.

In the formula for calculating compound interest, the variables "i" and "n" have to be adjusted if the number of compounding periods is more than once a year.

That is, within the parentheses, "i" or interest rate has to be divided by "n," the number of compounding periods per year. Outside of the parentheses, "n" has to be multiplied by "t," the total length of the investment.

Therefore, for a 10-year loan at 10%, where interest is compounded semi-annually (number of compounding periods = 2), i = 5% (i.e., 10% / 2) and n = 20 (i.e., 10 x 2).

To calculate total value with compound interest, you would use this equation:

The following table demonstrates the difference that the number of compounding periods can make overtime for a $10,000 loan taken for a 10-year period.

Other Compounding Interest Concepts

Time Value of Money

Since money is not "free" but has a cost in terms of interest payable, it follows that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar in the future. This concept is known as the time value of money and forms the basis for relatively advanced techniques like discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis. The opposite of compounding is known as discounting. The discount factor can be thought of as the reciprocal of the interest rate and is the factor by which a future value must be multiplied to get the present value.

The formulas for obtaining the future value (FV) and present value (PV) are as follows:

For example, the future value of $10,000 compounded at 5% annually for three years:

= $10,000 (1 + 0.05) 3

= $10,000 (1.157625)

= $11,576.25.

The present value of $11,576.25 discounted at 5% for three years:

= $11,576.25 / (1 + 0.05) ³

= $11,576.25 / 1.157625

= $10,000

The reciprocal of 1.157625, which equals 0.8638376, is the discount factor in this instance.

The Rule of 72

The Rule of 72 calculates the approximate time over which an investment will double at a given rate of return or interest "i" and is given by (72 / i). It can only be used for annual compounding but can be very helpful in planning how much money you might expect to have in retirement.

For example, an investment that has a 6% annual rate of return will double in 12 years (72 / 6%).

An investment with an 8% annual rate of return will double in nine years (72 / 8%).

Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)

The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is used for most financial applications that require the calculation of a single growth rate over a period.

For example, if your investment portfolio has grown from $10,000 to $16,000 over five years, what is the CAGR? Essentially, this means that PV = $10,000, FV = $16,000, nt = 5, so the variable "i" has to be calculated. Using a financial calculator or Excel spreadsheet, it can be shown that i = 9.86%.

Please note that according to cash flow convention, your initial investment (PV) of $10,000 is shown with a negative sign since it represents an outflow of funds. PV and FV must necessarily have opposite signs to solve for "i" in the above equation.

Real-life Applications

CAGR is extensively used to calculate returns over periods for stock, mutual funds, and investment portfolios. CAGR is also used to ascertain whether a mutual fund manager or portfolio manager has exceeded the market's rate of return over a period. For example, if a market index has provided total returns of 10% over five years, but a fund manager has only generated annual returns of 9% over the same period, the manager has underperformed the market.

CAGR can also be used to calculate the expected growth rate of investment portfolios over long periods, which is useful for such purposes as saving for retirement. Consider the following examples:

1. A risk-averse investor is happy with a modest 3% annual rate of return on her portfolio. Her present $100,000 portfolio would, therefore, grow to $180,611 after 20 years. In contrast, a risk-tolerant investor who expects an annual return of 6% on his portfolio would see $100,000 grow to $320,714 after 20 years.

2. CAGR can be used to estimate how much needs to be stowed away to save for a specific objective. A couple who would like to save $50,000 over 10 years toward a down payment on a condo would need to save $4,165 per year if they assume an annual return (CAGR) of 4% on their savings. If they're prepared to take on additional risk and expect a CAGR of 5%, they would need to save $3,975 annually.

3. CAGR can also be used to demonstrate the virtues of investing earlier rather than later in life. If the objective is to save $1 million by retirement at age 65, based on a CAGR of 6%, a 25-year old would need to save $6,462 per year to attain this goal. A 40-year old, on the other hand, would need to save $18,227, or almost three times that amount, to attain the same goal.

Additional Interest Considerations

Make sure you know the exact annual payment rate ( APR) on your loan since the method of calculation and number of compounding periods can have an impact on your monthly payments. While banks and financial institutions have standardized methods to calculate interest payable on mortgages and other loans, the calculations may differ slightly from one country to the next.

Compounding can work in your favor when it comes to your investments, but it can also work for you when making loan repayments. For example, making half your mortgage payment twice a month, rather than making the full payment once a month, will end up cutting down your amortization period and saving you a substantial amount of interest.

Compounding can work against you if you carry loans with very high rates of interest, like credit-card or department store debt. For example, a credit-card balance of $25,000 carried at an interest rate of 20%-compounded monthly-would result in a total interest charge of $5,485 over one year or $457 per month.

The Bottom Line

Get the magic of compounding working for you by investing regularly and increasing the frequency of your loan repayments. Familiarizing yourself with the basic concepts of simple and compound interest will help you make better financial decisions, saving you thousands of dollars and boosting your net worth over time.

Take the Next Step to Invest

Advertiser Disclosure

The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Investopedia receives compensation.

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Learn About Simple and Compound Interest

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Interest is defined as the cost of borrowing money as in the case of interest charged on a loan balance. Conversely, interest can also be the rate paid for money on deposit as in the case of a certificate of deposit. Interest can be calculated in two ways, simple interest or compound interest.

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¹ The Forrester Digital Experience Review TM: Australian Mobile Banking Apps, Q3, 2020. Forrester Research does not endorse any company included in any Digital Experience Review TM report.

As the advice on this page has been prepared without considering your objectives, financial situation or needs, you should, before acting on the advice, consider its appropriateness to your circumstances. Terms and conditions are available here and should be considered before making any decision. Fees and charges may apply.

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1 The Forrester Digital Experience Review TM: Australian Mobile Banking Apps, Q3, 2020. Forrester Research does not endorse any company included in any Digital Experience Review TM report. As the advice on this page has been prepared without considering your objectives, financial situation or needs, you should, before acting on the advice, consider its appropriateness to your circumstances.

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Examples of Applying the SAMR Model can Help Teachers Understand and Embrace it

The SAMR Model for integrating technology into teaching, developed by Dr. Ruben Puentedura, has gained a good deal of exposure in recent years. "SAMR" is an acronym that stands for Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition. The SAMR model provides a technique for moving through degrees of technology adoption to find more meaningful uses of technology in teaching and move away from simply using edtech for tech's sake.

We recently discussed the SAMR model during an Academic Technology Work Group meeting at The College of Westchester. We examined the video, SAMR in 120 Seconds. One thing that really struck me is how much the example helped, so I made it a point to gather and/or create some more examples.

Following are 8 examples of the SAMR process, each taking an example of a typical classroom exercise that does not use technology and walking it through each phase of SAMR. For half of these, I searched and borrowed from examples that teachers had written about online (original sources are provided - in some cases I tweaked the example a bit). I also created examples of my own. In working through this, it became apparent to me that while Substitution and Augmentation can be relatively straightforward conceptually, there is even more room for interpretation when it comes to Modification and Redefinition.

The goal of this exercise was to help me (and readers) better understand the SAMR model, and to really see how lessons and assessments can be transformed while considering the benefits of evolving them through these stages. I find it particularly interesting to see the vast difference between the original lesson and the redefined lesson - there is often a much wider range of skills required in the latter stages, and lessons can become much more engaging and collaborative when modified or redefined.

Lesson: Writing a Short Paper
Taken from: http://www.educatorstechnology.com/2013/08/samr-model-explained-through-examples.html. A modification of an idea found at https://edofict.wikispaces.com/SAMR+Examples. Taken from: https://edofict.wikispaces.com/SAMR+Examples and modified. Idea taken from: https://sites.google.com/a/msad60.org/technology-is-learning/samr-model and slightly modified. In this example, we take a simple form of assessment and evolve it into a collaborative group project.
Original Assignment: A hand written paper.

Lesson: Geography & Travel

Original Assignment: An overview of a location consisting of hand written content supplemented with compiled cut-and-pasted magazine clippings.

Lesson: Understanding Shakespeare

Original Assignment: Read a Shakespeare play in traditional printed format.

An Assessment Exercise
Original Assignment: Show understanding of fractions on a worksheet by coloring in blocks.
Original Assignment: Take a quiz, answers handwritten in a printed form.

Following are some example lessons, evolved through the SAMR model, that I have tried my hand at creating.It's easy to get caught up in worrying about how effectively an approach constitutes "modification" or "redefinition", but that's not the point of the exercise. To my way of thinking, it's more about understanding the difference between a just replacing or augmenting a "paper" lesson with a "digital" one and actually evolving it in a beneficial way and exploring new possibilities.

Lesson: Art/Painting
Creative Commons license image source.
Original Assignment: Drawing a picture using traditional brush, paint, paper. Of course, there is a a big difference between doing this by hand in the traditional manner and doing it digitally. Digitally is by no means better, it is just different and opens up some interesting possibilities.

Substitution: Use a digital drawing/painting program (like MS Paint) to draw/paint a picture.

Augmentation: Use a tool that allows the creation of your masterpiece to be layed back (like Educreations, for example).

Modification: Pull a background image to use as a canvas. You could even scan something hand drawn and use that.

Redefinition: Create Artwork Collaboratively using a Collaborative Online Whiteboard (like Twiddla or one of these other tools).

Lesson: Email Etiquette

Original lesson: Review printed copies of Email Etiquette concepts and guidelines.

Lesson: Learning Fractions

Substitution: Use an Excel Worksheet to let students color in the blocks.

Augmentation: Use Google Sheets to let students color in the blocks, where the teacher can offer feedback directly on Google Sheets.

Modification: Use Google Sheets and direct students to online examples and supplementary learning materials for areas that they might struggle with.

Redefinition: Use a Fractions App instead (here are a handful of examples for iOS devices).

Lesson: Phys Ed - Learning To Hit a Baseball Well

Original Assignment: Learning how to hit a baseball by watching and listening to a Coach or Phys Ed instructor show you and then trying it yourself.

Hopefully these example of lessons modified through the SAMR cycle help to encourage you to think about how you leverage technology to make some of your lessons more interactive, collaborative, and engaging with some of the many great technology tools available today! Here is a set of tools that may be helpful when working to evolve your lessons: 10 of the Most Engaging Uses of Instructional Technology (with Dozens of Resources and Tools).

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8 Examples of Transforming Lessons Through the SAMR Cycle - Emerging Education Technologies

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Examples of Applying the SAMR Model can Help Teachers Understand and Embrace it The SAMR Model for integrating technology into teaching, developed by Dr. Ruben Puentedura, has gained a good deal of exposure in recent years. "SAMR" is an acronym that stands for Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition.