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"Mummification was mainly done to wealthy people as poorer people could not afford the process.

The chief embalmer was a priest wearing a mask of Anubis. Anubis was the jackal-headed god of the dead. He was closely associated with mummification and embalming, hence priests wore a mask of Anubis.

This is the step-by-step process* of how mummification took place:

1. Insert a hook through a hole near the nose and pull out part of the brain

2. Make a cut on the left side of the body near the tummy

3. Remove all internal organs

4. Let the internal organs dry

5. Place the lungs, intestines, stomach, and liver inside canopic jars

6. Place the heart back inside the body

7. Rinse inside of body with wine and spices

8. Cover the corpse with natron (salt) for 70 days

9. After 40 days stuff the body with linen or sand to give it a more human shape

10. After the 70 days wrap the body from head to toe in bandages

11. Place in a sarcophagus (a type of box like a coffin)

If the person had been a Pharaoh, he would be placed inside his special burial chamber with lots of treasure!
Citation:

“A Step by Step Guide to Egyptian Mummification.” My Learning - Free Resources from Arts, Cultural and Heritage Organisations, www.mylearning.org/a-step-by-step-guide-to-egyptian-mummification/p-1681/.

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The Egyptian Book of the Dead: A guidebook for the underworld - Tejal Gala

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During the mummification process, the heart was left in the body so that it could be judged by Anubis and Thoth to determine the fate of the spirit.

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The world was created out of Nu, the dark, swirling, chaos that existed before the beginning of time.

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After death a body's organs were removed and preserved and the body was mummified because it was believed that the deceased would need their body after death. Many people were also buried with treasures for them to take with them to the after life.

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The god Anubis protected the scales of Haat and was god of the embalming process. He is often depicted near Thoth because the are both heavily involved in the weighing of a persons heart.

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Thoth was the god of the moon, wisdom, writing, and judgment of the dead. He plays a large role in Egyptian mythology, not only be judging the dead, but by keeping balance between good and bad, order and chaos. He's largest role was when he assisted in the reassembling of Osiris.

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When someone died their heart was measured by the scales of Haat, the person's heart was measured against the feather of Haat. Thoth would record the outcome, If it was lighter they would be at peace with osiris for eternity, if it was heavier their immortal soul was devoured by Ammut.

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Aside from the more popular main gods, there were over 100 other lesser, local gods.

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The Book of the Dead was a 'guide to the underworld'. It was a collection of 'spells' to protect and enable dead souls to overcome the perils and dangers of the gods in the underworld.

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Cats were highly revered and considered sacred.

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Gods and Goddesses were usually identified with animal heads because there was often a connection between the God/Goddess and that particular animal's actions.