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The decision made is that a group's request to engage in a parade or demonstration involving public display of the Nazi swastika is a symbolic form of free speech that is at least presumptively entitled to First Amendment protections. In other words, the Court's decision implies that First Amendment protection would not be denied to use of the swastika as a form of "fighting words".

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A claim must generally be false and must have been made to someone other than the person defamed. Some common law jurisdictions also distinguish between spoken defamation, called slander, and defamation in other media such as printed words or images, called libel

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Defamation is an area of law that provides a civil remedy when someone's words end up causing harm to your reputation or your livelihood. Libel is a written or published defamatory statement, while slander is defamation that is spoken by the defendant

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Speech directed at the overthrow of government

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A landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship

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Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens “by fact” rather than by legal requirement

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The right to a fair and speedy trial

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Citizenship due process equal protection

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Prohibits excessive bail and no unusual punishment

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Right to a jury trial for criminal and some civil cases

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The right to due process and no double jeopardy

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Guards against unreasonable searches and seizures

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No quartering of troops in peacetime

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The right to bear arms

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The right to free speech, press, assembly, petition, and religion

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The Court's decision in this case established the "Lemon test"  which details legislation concerning religion. It is threefold:

1. The statute must have a secular legislative purpose. (Also known as the Purpose Prong)

2. The principal or primary effect of the statute must not advance nor inhibit religion. (Also known as the Effect Prong)

3. The statute must not result in an "excessive government entanglement" with religion. (Also known as the Entanglement Prong)

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Censorship imposed, usually by a government, on expression that prohibits particular instances of expression

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Refers to the section of the First Amendment italicized here: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof

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A test courts may use to determine the constitutionality of a statute or ordinance

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The Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys

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A landmark constitutional law case of the US Supreme Court decided in 1896. It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal"

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A supreme court case in which it was determined that Dred Scott was not thereby entitled to his freedom; that African Americans were not and could never be citizens of the United States

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Decision by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of abortion

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Outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

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Laws that existed during Reconstruction to enforce racial segregation

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Refers to admission policies that provide equal access to education for those groups that have been historically excluded or underrepresented, such as women and minorities

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Southern state legislatures employed literacy tests as part of the voter registration process starting in the late 19th century. Literacy tests, along with poll taxes and extra-legal intimidation, were used to deny suffrage to African Americans

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United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts

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No state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws"

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Detained criminal suspects, prior to police questioning, must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and against self-incrimination

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United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional

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United States Supreme Court case that ruled it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools

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The restrictions and demands placed on the federal government by the Bill of Rights apply selectively to the states

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Actions that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it

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The Supreme Court ruled that a university's use of racial "quotas" in its admissions process was unconstitutional, but a school's use of "affirmative action" to accept more minority applicants was constitutional in some circumstances

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The standard by which police authorities have reason to obtain a warrant for the arrest of a suspected criminal

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Separation enforced by law

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A class of individuals that have been historically subject to discrimination. Any statute that makes a distinction between individuals based on any of the suspect classifications will be subject to a strict scrutiny standard of review before the Supreme Court

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Speech accompanied by activities such as sit-ins, picketing, and demonstrations. Protection of this form of speech under the first amendment is conditional, and restrictions imposed by state or local authorities are acceptable

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Bars second prosecutions after either acquittal or conviction, and prohibits multiple punishments for the same offense

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Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof

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Evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights is inadmissible for a criminal prosecution in a court of law