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Live interactive mega billboard against agression

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Public service employees in the Netherlands face aggression and violence on the streets more and more often. Onlookers unfortunately do not intervene often enough when they encounter a situation like this. A live interactive billboard in Amsterdam and Rotterdam is used to place people in a similar situation witch confronts them with their inactivity.

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According to David Putwain et al (2002), the social learning theory by Bandura in 1963, using the bobo doll experiment can highlight a possibility that children can learn aggressive behaviour, through watching figures of authority or anyone who they may look up to, also introducing reinforcement to induce aggressive behaviour was proved to have significance in replicating behaviour. This is a starting point, which highlights the basics of how behaviour is learnt through observation.
https://www.ukessays.com/essays/psychology/case-study-social-psychology-psychology-essay.php

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Lack of Self- Esteem:
1. Will not perceive themselves in a positive light
2.  Would be introverted and would try to keep themselves reserved in social gatherings.
3.  May be quite submissive towards other people.
4.  Would seem quite reserved and quiet to other people

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Poor listening skills; the importance of listening skills in the uniformed public services, listening skills are vital during training and shift change. poor listening skills can lead to poor investigations and poor workforce

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compromise = an agreement or settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.

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compromise = an agreement or settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.

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1. PTSD in the army may lead to avoiding stressful situations

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workable compromiseunderstanding the other person or group’s point of view,

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Avoidance
In the police an officer may avoid confronting a suspect because they have been in a situation before that put them off.
In any of the services the person could be avoiding confronting any emotions caused by a shocking situation.
Aggression
An officer in the army shows aggression through verbal communication and shouts at the soldiers to discipline them

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1.  Finding workable compromise-
What does compromise mean?
An agreement or settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions
How do we compromise?
1, Stay calm
2, Lead with open-ended questions and statements
3, Be respectful to other peoples suggestions
4, Create common ground
5,  Present your side
6, Offer more than one possible compromise
7, Aim for agreement not for winning

URL: http://www.wikihow.com/Compromise

Poor listening Skills
What is listening skills?
The ability to pay attention to and interpret what other people are saying.
Causes of poor listening skills
1, Low Concentration- Low concentration, or not paying close attention to speakers, is detrimental to effective listening.
2,  Lack of Prioritization- Just as lack of attention to detail in a conversation can lead to ineffective listening, so can focusing too much attention on the least important information.
3,  Poor Judgement- When listening to a speaker's message, it is common to sometimes overlook aspects of the conversation or make judgments before all of the information is presented.
4, Focusing on Style, Not Substance

URL:
https://www.boundless.com/communications/textbooks/boundless-communications-textbook/learning-to-listen-and-helping-others-do-the-same-5/understanding-listening-29/causes-of-poor-listening-134-1824/

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Submissive Behaviour including allowing own views to be misconstrued:
1. Shying away from expressing own opinion
2. Avoids disagreeing with other people in fear of them or hurting their feelings
3. Usually quite introverted, communication usually quite 'floppy'
4. Body posture will usually be quite reserved.
5. Person will avoid conflict and will avoid being in the centre of attention.
http://changingminds.org/techniques/assertiveness/submissive_behavior.htm

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Harry- poor listendign skills Not being listened to in a relationship opens up a whole can of worms – conflict, instability and misunderstanding. Lack of clarification leads to assumption, which in the long run will interpersonal communication compromised. If you are always quick in resolving issues without allowing your partner to let off steam can inhibit your spouse’s capacity to effectively resolve such issues, and this can encourage unhealthy dependency on the listener thus breeding co-dependency relationships. When you are not listened to, or stress and worries are not shared, it can be a big burden on relationship. Remember the old wives’ tale that a burden shared is a burden halved. Temptation or infidelity is another ‘vice’ to watch out for when you are not listened to.

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Harry- poor listendign skills Not being listened to in a relationship opens up a whole can of worms – conflict, instability and misunderstanding. Lack of clarification leads to assumption, which in the long run will interpersonal communication compromised. If you are always quick in resolving issues without allowing your partner to let off steam can inhibit your spouse’s capacity to effectively resolve such issues, and this can encourage unhealthy dependency on the listener thus breeding co-dependency relationships. When you are not listened to, or stress and worries are not shared, it can be a big burden on relationship. Remember the old wives’ tale that a burden shared is a burden halved. Temptation or infidelity is another ‘vice’ to watch out for when you are not listened to.

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Definition of Assertive.
Someone who is assertive behaves confidently and is not frightened to say what they want or believe:

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The Assertiveness Model -
Assertive behavior has been defined as "that complex of behaviors emitted by a person in an interpersonal context which express that person's feelings, attitudes, wishes, opinions or rights directly, firmly and honestly while respecting the feelings, attitudes, wishes, opinions, and rights of other persons." (Galassi and Galassi, 1977, p. 233.) According to these writers, assertion does not involve an undue or excessive amount of anxiety or fear. It represents the standing up for one's legitimate rights without violating the rights of others.

Mental health researchers of today appear to be in accord that assertive behavior is (a) learned and (b) situationally specific (Alberti and Emmons, 1974; Galassi and Galassi, 1977; Hersen et al., 1973; Jukobowski, 1973). As perhaps first suggested by Andrew Salter in his book Conditioned Reflex Therapy (1949) and now empirically demonstrated (Hersen et al., 1973), assertive training has the capability to reciprocally inhibit anxiety, as perceived
by the individual. http://www.acrwebsite.org/search/view-conference-proceedings.aspx?Id=9540

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1.  Aggression including physical and verbal
2. Poor listening skills
3. Lack of self-esteem
4.Places own rights above the rights of others
5. Avoidance including avoiding confrontation
6. Submissive including allowing own views to be misconstrued
7. Assertive including protecting own rights whilst upholding rights of others
8. Finding workable compromise
9. Acknowledging other's point of view
10. Clear direct communication
11. Appropriate and inappropriate use of assertive and non- assertive behaviours