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"The feisty Cordelia in Act 1 is later replaced by a figure who offers a complete capitulation to sexist norms, subservient and forgiving to the father who rejected her."

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Believed the part of King Lear could not be brought fully to life in the theatre in 1811.
"an old man tottering about the stage with a walking stick" was inadequate to the great and complex vision created by Shakespeare.

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"Shakespeare's tragedies offer us 'emotional truth' not answers to philosophical questions about the origins and meanings of suffering."

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In his book Hamlet Versus Lear 1993 argues, "we are likely to see King Lear as Shakespeare greatest tragedy as it chimes the anxiety and pessimism which world events have made common over the last century."

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"Every old man is a King Lear"
Suggesting beneath the extreme events of the play we will find life experiences common to everyone.

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“Shakespeare’s heroes are associated with this disease.”-

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“Cursing is the language of political exclusion.”

Only women that cursed as they cannot act upon this. Lear is portrayed as feminised suggesting loss of power and daughters rising above him

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“Lear knows his tears make a women of him.”

Power shakes his mind, blamed for power, unmanned himself (feminised by his tears)

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“Cordelia does not come of the archaic and artificial contest well, defeated by the genuineness of her love, but she is far from passively yielding.”
Using genuineness as a weapon?

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“Human values are not antecedent to these material realities, but are on the contrary in-formed by them”
Don’t exist before material realities, values of society constructed to maintain wealth and property to maintain natural order.

Edmund ‘unnatural’ and not from God chain of being socially constructed

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“The two who speak are monsters”

Women perceived differently as they spoke out but at that time women didn’t speak out.

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“The opposition between speech and silence that the play always constructs as an opposition between mouth and heart”
Love test image (speech) over reality (silence

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“Then the play makes the daughters ugly: the two who speak are monsters, the one who does not is monstered.”
The power of speech and silence of speaking

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“Dr Johnson decided not to read the play again until he resolved to edit it 20 years later, to make it for more satisfactory in which Cordelia survives.”

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“At the end, the punishment or relief of death is indiscriminate”

Death varies towards character and how they receive it (some oppose and some accept)

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“His tears of impotent rage are indeed the sign of the female”- Rutter

Lear has lost his voice whilst in the process of loss of power.

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-       Descent from Monarch to ‘unaccommodated man’ coveys most potently man’s fragility, fallibility (make mistakes) and fatality

-       Edmund and Lear never address a single word to each other. Both antitheses of one another Lear all feeling showing his opinions and emotions and Edmund is portrayed as bare of all affect.

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-       Principal of a character are not those who act but those who suffer

-       Lear, Gloucester, Cordelia and Edgar