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The History:

By the 660 the little tribal societies developed small kingdoms. These small Anglo-Saxon kingdoms shaped the Heptarchy. Heptarchy is a collective name applied to the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of south, east and central England. These Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were seven: East Anglia, Essex, Wessex, Kent, Mercia, Northumbria and Sessex.

By the middle of the 8th century, other kingdoms of southern Britain were affected by Mercian expansionism. Mercian military success was the basis of their power.

In 899 became king Edward the Elder. Edward began with Aethelred of Mercia an expansion program, constructing in the your area a lot of cities and fortifications. Aethelsan, after the death of Edward continued the expansion program and became the really first king of England.

Toward the end of 10th century, the Danes attacked the England Kingdom. In September 1066 Harald III landed to Northern England but was defeated in the Battle of Stamford Bridge by Harold II of England. After this battle, the Normans controlled by William of Normandy defeated Harold Godwinson in the Battle of Hastings. William of Normandy was nominated king in the Christmas Day of 1066 A.D.

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The Culture:

-Art: The art of the Anglo-Saxon techniques were particularly those of metal working, the works were mostly jewelry, brooches, buckles, ornamented weapons, and other items as is evidenced by the stunning funerary treasure of Sutton Hoo, now in the British Museum in London.

-Social Culture: The Anglo-Saxon social structure consisted of tribal units led by chieftains, who earned their respect from their warriors. Kings should display the heroic ideal and be known for his courage and for success in war. The king must dish out the spoils of war to his thanes rather than hoard the treasures won in tribal warfare. Tribes never constitute an united nation. in The Anglo-Saxon identity turn around the warrior community. Below the king there were two levels of freemen, the upper class thanes and the lower class ceorls. The division between the two was strictly in terms of land owned. Below the thanes and ceorls were the slaves.

-Language:  We know Anglo-Saxon language by the poetry. Most Anglo-Saxon poetry emerges from an oral tradition. Scops (the poets) and Gleemen (harpists) sung or recited and were the only historians of the time.

-Religion: The Anglo-Saxons were pagans when they came to Britain. They worshipped gods of nature and held springs, wells, rocks, and trees in reverence. Religion was not a source of spiritual revelation, it was a means of ensuring success in material things.

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The Anglo-Saxon were a people who lived in Britain from 5th century. This people, before the Barbarian Invasions, lived in northern Germany. After the Romans left in 410 A.D. these people invaded the Roman province and settled in that island.

The Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period of British history between 450 and 1066.

The Invasion: Anglo-Saxon were German tribes that lived in Britain from the fifth century. After that Romans left the southern Britain, no more of 200’000 Anglo-Saxons migrated to the south-eastern Britain, where there were at least 800’000 Brythonic people. Some of these Britons moved to the western Britain and the Brittany, in the north-west of France, but the majority stayed in their land. This though Anglo-Saxons were a minority in these areas of England (maybe ca.10% of the total inhabitants). The fact that the Britons had adopted the Anglo-Saxon culture is established by the continuity of the Brythonic system of landscape and local governance in the areas under Anglo-Saxon rule after the invasion.