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1.  The water cycle is when water evaporates then condensation forms clouds, and finally precipitation forms droplet of water (rain).
2. The three main cloud types are Cirrus, Stratus, and Cumulus. Cirrus is shaped like a hand, Stratus is shaped like a sheet/blanket, and Cumulus is like cotton candy and is also fluffy.
3.  Isobars show the air pressure.  So if there is a 'H' then the air pressure is hot but if there is a 'L' then the air pressure is cold.
4.  Low pressure systems make rain because low pressure areas force wind inwards.  These winds push the warm air up like a funnel, and cool air rushes in to replace it.  As the warm air rises it cools, forming water vapor and then clouds, leading to rain.
5.   Lightning begins to build up in thunder clouds as small ice/particles.  These small particles lift higher than larger ones.  The small particles carry a positive charge and the large ones carry a negative charge.

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Cirrus, Stratus, Cumulus

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How does it happen?  Tornadoes form when strong updrafts of air rise in a funnel shape. The air touching the earth moves slower than air above it. This causes the air to 'roll over' and get sucked up, rotating through the inside of the cloud

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How does it happen? Electrical energy begins to build up in thunder clouds as small ice/particles lift higher than larger ones. The small particles carry a positive charge and the large ones carry a negative charge.

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What Is It?  Extreme Weather is different weather than rain, snow, hail, wind, and the sun.  The impact of extreme weather is very destructive.  Extreme weather can destroy houses, buildings, and land.

Examples:  Storms, tornadoes, hurricanes, lightning, thunder, drought.

How does it happen? Thunder storms happens when a large temperature difference occurs in a vertical column in the atmosphere.

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- The weather maps we see on T.V and in the newspaper are called "surface charts."  The lines and symbols represent weather patterens on earth.

- The lines on the weather maps are called "isobars."  The numbers on the lines show the air pressure.

- Areas of high pressure are marked with a 'H' and this represents 'fine' weather with few clouds.  Wind on edge of 'H' can be strong.

- Low pressure areas are marked with a 'L'.  Low pressure areas force wind inwards.  These winds push the warm air up like a funnel, and cool air rushes in to replace it.  As the warm air rises it cools, forming water vapor and then clouds, leading to rain.

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The sun warms up the land and sea.  This heat radiates upwards.  As the warm air rises it expands.  As it expands, it cools down.  The now colder air becomes denser and sinks back to earth.  We experience this circulation of air as wind (hau).

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Same as hail but without the wind forcing it back into the clouds.

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If the temperature atmosphere is freezing, the water vapour forms into ice which drops down from the clouds as hail. Wind gusts push the snow back into the clouds lots of times, breaking it into hail stones.

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As water vapour evaporates into the air, it joins together with other water droplets to form clouds. And when clouds get to heavy the water vapour falls as rain (Precipitation).