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1. What events about the founding of the Maryland colony are given in this book?

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1. What events about the founding of the Maryland colony are given in this book?

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The book said that the colony of Maryland was founded in 1634. It was a different place because it allowed other religions to be practiced more than other colonies did.

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2. When did archaeological work begin at St. Mary's?

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2. When did archaeological work begin at St. Mary's?

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The first archaeological work at St. Mary's began in the early 1980's by Henry Miller and his team.

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3. Where were the three lead coffins buried?

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3. Where were the three lead coffins buried?

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The three lead coffins were buried underneath the church floor.

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4. What people were buried inside the church?

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4. What people were buried inside the church?

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Only the wealthy people were buried inside of the church. This was because it was expensive back then.

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5. What technology was used to look for buried objects within the walls of the church?

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5. What technology was used to look for buried objects within the walls of the church?

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To find buried items underneath the church floor the team used a GPR. This was a piece of equipment that scanned the ground and told archaeologists where underground items may be.

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6. What information did the GPR reveal about the foundation of the church?

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6. What information did the GPR reveal about the foundation of the church?

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The GPR showed the archaeologists that the church was in the shape of a cross and so were the grave burial spots.

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7. How did the workers prevent more damage to the lead coffins?

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7. How did the workers prevent more damage to the lead coffins?

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They used precise tools and made sure to keep everything safe and like they left it in the beginning. This is how they prevent damage to the coffins

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8. How did the scientists protect the grave site from intruders?

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8. How did the scientists protect the grave site from intruders?

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To protect the graves, the scientists back filled the soil and topped it off so no one could get into it.

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9. What did the scientists name this project?

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9. What did the scientists name this project?

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The project was called, the Lead Coffins

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10. Why were the Project Lead Coffins members allowed to open the Copley coffins and examine them? 

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10. Why were the Project Lead Coffins members allowed to open the Copley coffins and examine them? 

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The project members were allowed to examine the coffins because they were the one who could check them and take notes on them to learn more about them.

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11. Where were the Copley coffins found?

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11. Where were the Copley coffins found?

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The Copley coffins were found in an underground vault in a cemetery at St. Mary's City.

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12. What information did the use of stratigraphy give the scientists?

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12. What information did the use of stratigraphy give the scientists?

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The stratigraphy allowed the scientists to see that there were holes big enough to fit some graves. This told the scientists where the coffins were.

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13. Why did the scientists use gamma rays on the trunk?

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13. Why did the scientists use gamma rays on the trunk?

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They used gamma rays because their first choice, x-rays, could not see through the lead. This led them to using gamma rays which allowed them to see through the lead without damaging the bones.

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14. Why did the scientists replace the oxygen in the coffins with argon, an inert gas?

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14. Why did the scientists replace the oxygen in the coffins with argon, an inert gas?

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They did this so that the bones and flesh would not crumble. In their original attempt, they did not do this and that caused the bones and flesh to disintegrate. With argon this would not happen.

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15. Why were the coffins scanned with infrared light?

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15. Why were the coffins scanned with infrared light?

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The coffins were scanned so that they could be tested to see if they had cracks in them. If they did, the lifting process could break them.

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16. Why were the coffins difficult to move?

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16. Why were the coffins difficult to move?

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They were difficult to move because they weighed a lot. The largest one, for example, weighed 1500 pounds.

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17. Why do you think they moved the baby's coffin first?

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17. Why do you think they moved the baby's coffin first?

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I think this because they wanted to get the lightest thing first. To see if their method of moving the coffins would work, they moved the baby's coffin before the other coffins

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1. What parts of the baby's skeleton were missing?

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1. What parts of the baby's skeleton were missing?

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The whole bottom half of the bones were missing.

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2. Why do insects avoid eating fabric that was attached with copper shroud pins?

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2. Why do insects avoid eating fabric that was attached with copper shroud pins?

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The insects avoid it because of the copper shroud pins. They avoid it because the copper would be bad if they happened to take it like they do the fabric, so they just avoid the whole thing.

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3. What factors helped the scientist determine the age of the child?

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3. What factors helped the scientist determine the age of the child?

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The scientist determined that the age of the child was only five-six months old through the shape of the teeth and development of the body.

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4. What may have made the baby's missing bone disappear?

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4. What may have made the baby's missing bone disappear?

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When water would seep in to the coffin it would go the the legs and would cause the bones to deteriorate. That is why there were no legs.,

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5. What diseases did the scientists suspect the baby had?

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5. What diseases did the scientists suspect the baby had?

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The scientists suspected that the baby had rickets and also anemia. Many clues led scientists to these conclusions.

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6. What conclusions did the scientist come to concerning the body in the second coffin?

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6. What conclusions did the scientist come to concerning the body in the second coffin?

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They concluded that the body was slender, had brown hair, and was a woman around the age of 60.

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7. What trace elements were found in the lady's hair when the nuclear reactor was used?

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7. What trace elements were found in the lady's hair when the nuclear reactor was used?

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When the nuclear reactor was used, the scientists found the that the lady had arsenic, a poison, in the hair.

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8. What uses did arsenic have in colonial times?

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8. What uses did arsenic have in colonial times?

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Arsenic was supposedly a medicine back in colonial time. That is what the woman thought, so she took it. Now we know this is a poison and is bad for you.

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9. How was the man's coffin different from the other two?

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9. How was the man's coffin different from the other two?

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The man's coffin was different from the other two because it was much larger and weighed a lot more than them.

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10. What burial tradition is explained in this section of the book?

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10. What burial tradition is explained in this section of the book?

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The burial tradition explained in the book was that a man and a woman would be buried together if they were married.

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11. In what way was the man's burial different than all the others we have read about?

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11. In what way was the man's burial different than all the others we have read about?

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The man's burial was different from the others because they used the embalming method to bury him.

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12. In that day, what chemicals were used to make embalming fluid?

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12. In that day, what chemicals were used to make embalming fluid?

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In that day, to make embalming fluid they used salt, white powder, herbs, and lime.

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13. How did the team of scientists link the crystal remains to the practice of embalming?

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13. How did the team of scientists link the crystal remains to the practice of embalming?

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They saw that the way the crystal was and how it was crystal-like, and they concluded they buried him through embalming.

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14. What is known about the man in the coffin?

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14. What is known about the man in the coffin?

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They knew that the man in the coffin died of a sudden illness and was most likely a smoker.

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15. What happened in the experiment to capture the air?

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15. What happened in the experiment to capture the air?

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They scanned the man and then therefore captured the air of the past and saw that it was embalming air.

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16. What did the Carbon-13 results show?

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16. What did the Carbon-13 results show?

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The Carbon-13 results showed that they had lived in America for a while and had eaten a lot of corn.

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17. Who was most likely the man in the lead coffin?

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17. Who was most likely the man in the lead coffin?

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The man in the lead coffin was most likely Philip Calvert.

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Philip was very rich and smoked a lot. This was known about him in the text.

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19. Who were the people in the other two coffins?

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19. Who were the people in the other two coffins?

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The people in the other two coffins were Anne Calvert and Philip and Jane's daughter