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Parasympathomimetics:
Direct acting cholinergic drugs > muscarinic receptor > decrease in heart rate (negative feedback), bronchoconstriction

Indirect acting cholinergic drugs > muscarinic receptors > contraction of smooth muscles, bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, increase in bodily secrection, decrease in heart rate

Anticholinergic drugs > nocotinic receptors > increased heart rate and contractility, pupil dilation, decrease in sweat gland secretions,

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Sympathetic Organ and Stimulus response:

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Sympathetic Organ and Stimulus response:

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Adrenal medulla - release of epinephrine
Pupil - dilation
Heart - increase in heart rate and conduction
Arteries - vasoconstriction
Lungs - bronchodilation
Intestines/GI tract - decreased motility/excretion
Urinary bladder - relaxes
Urinary sphincter - contracts

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Agonist: adrenergics, agonists

Antagonist: adrenergic blocking, inhibitors

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Alpha drugs:
-  phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)
-  ephedrine

Nonselective beta drugs:
- nadolol (Corgard®)
- propanolol (Inderol®)

Selective beta drugs:
- atenolol (Tenormin®)
-  metoprolol (Lopressor®)

Selective alpha-1 blockers:
- doxazosin (Cardura®)
-  terazosin (Hytrin®)

Direct acting cholinergic agonists:
- pilocarpine (Pilocarterazosin®)
- bethanecol (Urencholineterazosin®)

Indirect acting cholinergic agents:
- neostigmine (Prostigmin®)

Anticholinergic:
- dicyclomine (Bentyl®)

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Drug classification for Sympathetic division:

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Drug classification for Sympathetic division:

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Sympathomemetics (alpha & beta agonists)
Alpha drugs > a1 receptor > vasocontriction
a2 receptor > decrease release of NE

Nonselective beta drugs > b1 > increase heart rate/contraction
b2 > bronchodilation of lungs
Selective beta drugs > b2 > bronchodilation of lungs

Sympatholytics (alpha, beta, & neuronal antagonists)
Selective alpha-1 blockers > a1 > vasodilation
Nonselective beta blockers > b1 > decrease heart rate/contraction
b2 >  smooth muscle contraction
Selective beta-1 blockers > b1 > decrease heart rate and contraction
Neuronal blockers > adrenergic nerve ending > interrupts formation/release of NE, drops BP, decreases cardiac function

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Parasympathetic Organ and Stimulus response:

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Parasympathetic Organ and Stimulus response:

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Pupil - constriction
Heart - slight drop in contractility, decrease in heart rate, AV conduction slows
Respiratory passages - bronchoconstriction
Intestines/GI tract - increased digestion/motility
Urinary bladder - contracts
Urinary sphincter - relaxes

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Parasympathetic-
cholinergic (muscarinic & nicotinic) receptors
located on cardiac, smooth muscle and glands

Sympathetic-
adrenergic (alpha & beta) receptors
located on the arteries

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Acetylcholine (ACH)
Norepinephrine (NE)

Released from: Adrenal medulla releases EPI from ganglia and NE from post-ganglionic nerve

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Acetylcholine (ACH)

Released from: ACH from ganglia and post-ganglionic nerve ending

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Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System (aka Visceral Division)

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Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System (aka Visceral Division)

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~Parasympathetic division
AKA craniosacral
rest and digest

~Sympathetic division
AKA thoracolumbar division
fight or flight

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Unit 2 Lecture notes part 1
Unit 2 Lecture notes part 2
Hitner, Henry, and Barbara Nagle. Pharmacology for Health Professions. McGraw-Hill, 2012.