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This is one of the most important parts of the book because it is the start of their downfall. If the boys had not crashed on the island, none of the events would have happened and the boys would not be faced with the issues of morality.

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The boys determine the rules of the conch and elect Ralph as their chief.

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The boys determine the rules of the conch and elect Ralph as their chief.

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The rules of the conch and the election of Ralph reflects democracy in the real world. They choose to overrule Jack's idea of being chief, possibly being the first moment Jack starts to resent Ralph and want to become a dictator over the boys. They continually use the conch throughout the book at meetings and the issue of Ralph being chief also comes up continually.

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Very early on in the book, Ralph and Jack are faced with having to choose between killing a pig they stumble upon or not. Neither of them act on the impulse, even though Jack claims he could have done it because he knows how. This shows that the boys still have their connection to their societal upbringing and understand the difference between right and wrong.

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The mask Jack creates compels the hunters and the boys kill the pig.

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The mask Jack creates compels the hunters and the boys kill the pig.

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Once the boys create a system on the island, it is determined that Jack is the leader of the choir boys, who he has deemed the hunters. They go looking for food to provide for the rest of the group and attempt to hunt the pigs on the island. In the book, Jack and the hunters go off, and Jack paints a mask on his face that intrigues the hunters. The mask gives the boys the ability to hide from their conscience and choose to knowingly do wrong. It provides them the opportunity to become savages, leading them to kill a pig and create a disturbing chant.

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The fire in the book represents hope for the boys. Once Jack and his hunters left to go hunt the pig, he leaves the fire unattended. This causes it to die out as a boat passes, meaning the boys could not be saved. This angers Ralph and drives a wedge between his and Jack's friendship, another reason Jack will begin to break away from the group and want to lead his own group.

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When Piggy accuses the hunters of being childish and irresponsible, Jack becomes angry and hits Piggy. The force of the slap breaks Piggy's glasses, leaving him with only one 'eye.' Jack continuously taunts Piggy and tries to upset him further. The assault of Piggy, who represents intellect, shows savageness attacking and ultimately destroying the voice of reason, order, and civilization.

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The twins, Sam and Eric, go early in the morning to tend to the fire. When they are up there, they see the distorted shadow and body of a parachutist who had been shot down from his plane and whose corpse had been stuck in the trees. They run back to the boys and tell an exaggerated version of what had happened. What the boys believe is the beast symbolizes the possible beginning of corruption among the island. However, Simon begins to suspect that the beast is merely the evilness within the boys around him.

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The group splits between Jack and Ralph, and the hunters create the sacrifice for the beast.

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The group splits between Jack and Ralph, and the hunters create the sacrifice for the beast.

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An argument erupts between the boys, mainly caused by the power struggle between Ralph and Jack. Jack tries to get Ralph voted out but it does not work in the end. Eventually, he manages to convince the boys that if they come with him, he will be able to provide them protection from the beast and they will be able to defeat the beast. The group splits, the hunters going with Jack and Samneric and Piggy sticking with Ralph. The hunters go and decapitate a pig, creating a sacrifice for the beast to appeal to it. The pig head shows the evil inside of humanity and proves that the hunters have strayed far from society and its ideas of morality.

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Simon is "crucified" after he discovers the truth of the beast.

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Simon is "crucified" after he discovers the truth of the beast.

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Throughout the story, Simon represents the goodness of humanity and also represents a Christlike figure. While the group separates, Simon goes into the forest to find the beast. He stumbles upon the dead parachutist, who he realizes is what Samneric thought the beast was. When he runs back to tell the others, he is mistaken for the beast as he crawls out of the jungle and is killed by all the boys, including Ralph and Piggy. Simon's death represents the loss of civility and humanly goodness while also showing the point of no return.

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Piggy is killed and the boys hunt Ralph.

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Piggy is killed and the boys hunt Ralph.

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At night, Jack and his tribe come and steal Piggy's glasses to gain control over Ralph's group. Ralph, Samneric, and Piggy make their way to the top of the mountain to get the glasses back. They are greeted by Jack and his hunters. Ralph leaves Piggy behind to ask for the spectacles back, but an argument breaks out. It soon becomes apparent that all sense of order and law has been lost, but Piggy manages to grab the conch. Using it, he tries to talk some sense into the group and attempts to find some authority. Above him, Roger pulls a lever and drops a rock down onto Piggy, killing him, crushing the rock, and sending Piggy down onto the beach. The tide washes Piggy's body away and Ralph runs, knowing that the tribe will hunt him. Piggy's death is extremely important because it symbolizes the loss of innocence and the victory of savagery. The conch being destroyed shows a shift in power, giving Jack and his tribe power.

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As the island burned up, a navy ship spotted the smoke and came to the island. Ralph makes his way down to the beach, followed by the other boys, and he spots the group. The officer reprimands the boys, a strange irony as the officer is going to do the same thing as the boys in the real war, and Ralph begins to cry as the reality of what happened caught up to him. This means the war on the island is over and the boys must return to society.