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The main use of liquid nitrogen is as a refrigerant. Among other things, it is used in the cryopreservation of blood, reproductive cells (sperm and egg), and other biological samples and materials. It is used in the clinical setting in cryotherapy to remove cysts and warts on the skin. It is used in cold traps for certain laboratory equipment and to cool infrared detectors or X-ray detectors. It has also been used to cool central processing units and other devices in computers that are overclocked, and that produce more heat than during normal operation. Other uses include freeze-grinding and machining materials that are soft or rubbery at room temperature, shrink-fitting and assembling engineering components, and more generally to attain very low temperatures whenever necessary (around −200 °C). Because of its low cost, liquid nitrogen is also often used when such low temperatures are not strictly necessary, such as refrigeration of food, freeze-branding livestock, freezing pipes to halt flow when valves are not present, and consolidating unstable soil by freezing whenever excavation is going on underneath.

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Nitrogen gas is used:

1. As a modified atmosphere, pure or mixed with carbon dioxide, to nitrogenate and preserve the freshness of packaged or bulk foods (by delaying rancidity and other forms of oxidative damage).

2. In incandescent light bulbs as an inexpensive alternative to argon.

3. In fire suppression systems for Information technology (IT) equipment.

4. In the manufacture of stainless steel.

5. In the case-hardening of steel by nitriding.

6. In some aircraft fuel systems to reduce fire hazard (see inerting system).

7. To inflate race car and aircraft tires, reducing the problems caused by moisture and oxygen in natural air.

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It was first discovered and isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772. Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish had independently done so at about the same time, Rutherford is generally accorded the credit because his work was published first. The name nitrogen was suggested by Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790, when it was found that nitrogen was present in nitric acid and nitrates; this name derives from the Greek roots νἰτρον "nitre" and -γεννᾶν "to form". Antoine Lavoisier suggested instead the name azote, from the Greek άζωτικός "no life", as it is an asphyxiant gas; his name is instead used in many languages, such as French, Russian, and Turkish, and appears in the English names of some nitrogen compounds such as hydrazine, azides and azo compounds.

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A single atom of nitrogen has 7 protons and 7 neutrons in the nucleus and 7 electrons in its electron shells.

In normal conditions nitrogen is a  diatomic gas. It have a melting point of -210,0ºC and a boiling point of -195,8ºC.

Nitrogen is a non-metellic element and on the periodic table is situated in the group 15 and period 2.

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1. Which is the strongest bond between two atoms of the same element?

2. What happens to the atoms of nitrogen when a TNT or other explosive when the explosion goes off?

3. Why is nitrogen used a lot in laboratories?

4. Why when you throw liquid nitrogen into the floor it doesn't form a puddle like it forms water?

5. What happens if you put materials like rubbers or flowers into liquid nitrogen?

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmvJ54kRpjg