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The Battle of Chancellorsville was the result of a campaign led by Union General Joseph Hooker in May, 1863 to capture the Confederate Capitol, Richmond and destroy the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia which sent a part of its force to surround the garrison at Suffolk. Virginia near Newport.

However as Hooker crossed the Rappahannock he basically instead becoming the aggressor, waits for Lee. Lee and Jackson realize Hooker is staying put so they decide to attack Hooker through the Wilderness where Hooker leaves his lines open.

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http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war
http://www.historynet.com/civil-war-battles
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/death/
http://www.clemson.edu/agcom/dale/aged480/jennifer/keybat.htm

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Civil war by: Abigail, Lojain, Maryam, Natasha, Gabby 

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Civil war by: Abigail, Lojain, Maryam, Natasha, Gabby 

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the reasons we chose those people as important people because we fell as they made a major difference! for example Abraham Lincoln, if George W McClellan would've won the civil war the emancipation proclamation would've never happened and the Gettysburg Address would've been given different. another example would be general Grant if the union kept having not experienced generals they probably would've lost all the wars to the confederate side. the battles and political events  are important because they are apart of what made America what it is today it is our every downfall that brought us up and made us better because we learned from those mistakes so for next time we can do better and be better

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-Shortly after 10 p.m. on April 14, 1865, actor John Wilkes Booth entered the presidential box at Ford's Theatre in Washington D.C., and fatally shot President Abraham Lincoln.
-First President to be assassinated
-7 million Americans or almost a third of the entire union population came mourn the martyred leader

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Economic
National Bank Act of 1863
-Measures taken to make banking safer for investors
-Economy of Northern states boomed while the South remained shattered
Thirteenth Amendment
-This Amendment abolished slavery

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-Due to victories in the south Lincoln won a second term
The Surrender At Appomattox
-April, 9, 1865 in a village called Appomattox Court House the Confederacy surrendered
The Civil War was over!

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- a speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln at the November 19, 1863, dedication of Soldier’s National Cemetery, a cemetery for Union soldiers killed at the Battle Of Gettysburg during the American Civil War.
-The Gettysburg Address is now recognized as one of Lincoln’s greatest speeches and as one of the most famous speeches in U.S. history.

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Soldiers
-Terrible hygiene on both sides and food shortages
Prisons
-Many prisoners died due to lack of hygiene and nursing in total 27% of Union and Confed. prisoners died

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Generally
-Caused inflation
-Introduced federal tax
-Standard of living declined
-Hired free blacks, immigrants and boys as opposed to white males for lower wages
Union
-Mostly positive
-Industries boomed except a few such as cotton textiles
Confederacy
-Everything basically declined including food and labor on the fields

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Disloyalty
Habeas Corpus
-court order that required authorities to bring a person help in jail to a court
Copperheads
-Northern Democrats who advocated peace with the south (arrested for disloyalty)
Conscription
-A draft that would force certain members of the population to serve in the army
Draft Riots (1863)
-Although majority of the soldiers were volunteers, poor people in both the Union and Confed. did not like the rich people bought themselves a replacement for the war

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Lincoln
-Main goal was to always save the union
-Issued the Proclamation on Jan, 1, 1863 which offered a strategic benefit because now Britain would absolutely not help the Confed.
Effect
-Did not free any slaves immediately
-Applied only to areas not siding with the union
-Turned the war into a high moral purpose
-Blacks joined the Union army
Confed. Reaction
-Outrage and more determined than ever to preserve its way of life
Both sides now fight to the death!

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Remained Neutral
-No longer depended on southern cotton
-Found new sources and traded wheat with the North
The Trent Affair
-Confederate gov't sent two diplomat in a 2nd attempt to gain support from Britain and France
-Union navy arrested the men which made Britain threaten war against the Union so Lincoln chose peace and freed the men

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Ironclads
-Could splinter wooden ships, withstand cannon fire, and resist burning (Grant used four ironclads when he captured Forts Henry and Donelson)
Riffles
-Were more accurate and soldiers could load rifles more quickly so more shots would be fired during battle
Minié Ball
-Soft lead bullet more destructive than earlier battle bullets
(Also used grenades and land mines)
Effect
-New tech changed military strategies thought of clever ways to succeed

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Confederacy Reaction
-Morale soared after Bull Run, "has secured our independence," declared a Georgia secessionist  (McDougal  342)
-They thought the war was over and men left the army and went home.
Union's Response
-Called for the enlistment of 500,000 men
-Appointed General George McClellan to lead the army
-Began fighting for control of the Mississippi

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Ku Klux Klan - A terrorist organization whose goal was to restore white supremacy and prevent African Americans from practicing their political rights.
- Enforcement acts passed to curtail Klan
- Panic of 1873 -
Several companies go out of business. Jobs are few, Inflation rises, and multiple people were getting hungry.

Later... compromise of 1877 puts an end to reconstruction.

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-It was the final major military action. It was much longer battle, began on May 18, 1863 and lasted over a month. the commander of this battle was General Ulysses, over 35,000 men under his command. During the battle the confederate armies were going to be impossible to defeat while hiding behind the defenses of the city. Later Grant tried to break into the city by  overwhelming them but it didn't work, many union soliders lost their lives. The conditions were bad the first several days, people began to run out of food, They started to ear everything, including horses, dogs, and cats . In Result the battle was great victory it gave control of the Mississippi river to the union.

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Union: Anaconda Plan
-Union navy would blockade southern ports to stop export and import for the south
-Move down the Mississippi river and split the Confederacy into two
-Capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia
Confederacy: Defensive
-Main goal was own survival as a nation however if opportunity arose they planned to invade

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-Fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863 which considered the most important engagement of American civil war. It was led by a con. Gen. Robert Lee. . In severe fighting, the Confederates swept the Federals from the fields west and north of town, but were unable to secure the heights to the south. The following day, Lee attacked the Federals on the heights, but failed to dislodge the defenders. On July 3rd, Lee attacked the Union center on Cemetery Ridge and was repulsed in what is now known as Pickett’s Charge. Lee's second invasion of the North had failed, and had resulted in heavy casualties; an estimated 51,000 soldiers were killed, wounded, captured, or listed as missing after Gettysburg.

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Lincoln: Did not want to be the one to start hostilities or treat the confederacy as a legitimate nation.
Solution: Lincoln decided to send "food for hungry men"
Davis:  Wanted to do something to improve the Confederacy's image but did not want to turn the peaceful secession into war
Solution: War

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Also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg fought September 17 1862  under the command of George McClellan, It's the single bloodiest day in American military history.  By mid-morning , General Robert E. Lee's confederate troops were crouched behind the high banks of a country lane. Later McClellan discovered a copy of the confederate army's battle plan. An overwhelming number of Northerners broke through the confederate's line. Finally the confederates occupied the town of Sharpsburg, but the battle was a union victory. More than 23,000 men were killed, wounded, or missing in action.

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Also known as the battle of Pittsburg, It was the major in the western theater of American civil war, fought April 6-7, 1862. The battle started when confederates surprised union forces by attacking them under the general Ulysses S. Grant in southwestern Tennessee. Later the confederates were not able to say in their position longer so they were forced to go back which results in a union victory

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A colonel for the Union side who believed in equal pay for the black soldiers. He died in Fort Wagner trying to lead the soldiers.

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Also known as battle of the first Manassas, fought on July 2, 1861  , under  Gen. Irvin McDowell marched from Washington against the Confederate army, which was drawn up behind Bull Run beyond Centreville. On the 21st, McDowell crossed at Sudley Ford and attacked the Confederate left flank on Matthews Hill. Fighting raged throughout the day as Confederate forces were driven back to Henry Hill. Later, Confederate reinforcements extended and broke the Union right flank. The Federal retreat rapidly deteriorated into a rout. Thomas J. Jackson earned the name “Stonewall.” By July 22, the shattered Union army reached the safety of Washington

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A general for the confederate side who is mostly known for his contribution in the battle of Gettysburg, more precisely the Pickett's charge.

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He led the rebellion against slavery. The rebellion failed, however, he made the issue of slavery a serious topic to others by his actions.

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He was a general of the confederate side during the civil war. He was considered to have ingenious battle plans by many people. He died of pneumonia after Pickett accidentally shot him in the battle of Chancellorsville.

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He was an actor who assassinated Abe Lincoln because of South's lost in the civil war. This showed that there were many people in the South who were still not conformed to the ideas of emancipation of slaves.

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She hid slaves, led them into Northern territory to free the black slaves. Because of her act of freeing black slaves, people called her the "Black Moses". Her act of leading slaves out of slavery led to big conflicts between the North and the South.

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Primarily  Political -
- Republican Party had long opposed slavery. There were Scalawags (southerners), Carpetbaggers (northerners), and African Americans
Primarily Economic -
- Sharecropping - System where landowners give a few acres of land to their farm workers.
- Tenant Farming - White controlled labor of African Americas.
Primarily Social -
-  African Americans were given more rights. They started looking for churches, creating schools, and joining the congress, like Hiram Revels.

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Lincoln's Plan
Ten Percent Plan..
- Pardon Confed. except for officials and those accused of crimes.
Johnson's Plan
- Offered general amnesty to all who would take an oath of future loyalty.
Amendment
-14th -
-  African Americans are giving citizenship rights and equal protection of the law
-15th-
-African Americans are allowed to vote

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He was a United States Senator in Tennessee and later became the military general. He worked his way up to being Vice President, along side of Lincoln. After President Lincoln was assassinated, Johnson filled his shoes as President from 1865-1869. During those four years, he focused on the Presidential Reconstruction. Through this phase of the Reconstruction, Johnson restored all rights and privileges of the southern states, giving them the entitlement to be part of the U.S. Congress.

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Born the son of a Revolutionary War hero in 1807, Robert E. Lee trained at West Point military academy and served as a Colonel in the Mexican-American War.  During the Civil War, he had strong ties and emotions towards the Union, and had negative feelings toward slavery.

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Born in 1822. He was appointed to West Point in his mid twenties. He became a second Lieutenant and held the rank during the Mexican-American War. His short farming career failed and soon he joined the Union Army after the North began to lose a series of battles during the Civil War. He was elected President of the United States in 1869 and served two terms.

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-- Period during which the United States began to rebuild after the Civil War. It was the proves of readmitting the Confederate States.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Appointed to West Point military academy at the age of 16. Appointed as Congressman of Mississippi in 1845 and to the United States Senate in 1847. He became President of the Confederate States of America and as Commander-in-Chief of the confederate army. He instructed the confederate generals on decisions during the Civil War.

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Was the first battle of the American Civil war, led by Robert Anderson on an island in Charleston. On April 12, 1861, General P.G.T. Beauregard, in command of the Confederate forces around Charleston Harbor, opened fire on the Union garrison holding Fort Sumter. At 2:30pm on April 13 Major Robert Anderson, garrison commander, surrendered the fort and was evacuated the next day

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16th president of the United States. Halfway through the American Civil War, while fighting to end slavery, he issues the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 to declare that all slaves in the Confederate states would be free.