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Fort Laramie Treaties of 1851 (and 1868) and the establishment of the reservation system

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Fort Laramie Treaties of 1851 (and 1868) and the establishment of the reservation system

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The Fort Laramie treaties stated that Native American lands would be considered as a sovereign nation. Americans could not enter or take land from the Native Americans, if the Americans held their end of the bargain.

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The Homestead Act was signed into effect by President Lincoln. Millions of Americans began to move westward and claimed land. The problem was that the land was already under Native American control and white settlers took that land from the Natives.

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400 innovent Indians were killed at Sand Creek. Colonel J. M. Chivington killed the Natives in cold blood and without mercy. Some Americans killed Native Americans randomly in order to keep the Natives in check.

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1869- Completion of the Transcontinental RR

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1869- Completion of the Transcontinental RR

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With the completion of the transcontinental railroad, hunters began to move out to the plains and hunted the buffalo. The buffalo were a vital resource for the Sioux, as they provided food, clothing, and shelter. The hunters were very wastefully and did not use all of the buffalo.

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The Sioux tribe defeat General Custer's army on the Little Bighorn River. 250 Americans died and General Custer was humiliated. This Native Americans victory was short lived as the Sioux were quickly pushed soon after.

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The Dawes Act reduced the land  size of Native American reservations. The act confiscated land from tribes and divided the land into sections. The sections were then sold to Americans, which thinned out reservations.

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A Sioux tribe was performing their traditional Sun Dance. Christian reformers and the military did not like the Sioux practicing their native tradition, and massacred the dancing Natives. 200 Natives were killed.

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1890 - The Creation of the Populist Party 

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1890 - The Creation of the Populist Party 

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The farmers of America began to rally together under the Populist party in order to get what they wanted. The Populists wanted free and unlimited coinage of silver and nationalization of railroads. The party won several seats in the upcoming election, proving that they were a force to be reckoned with.

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Americans wanted to bring Native Americans into American culture. Native American schools took children away from their parents, raised them, and did not let them learn about their native culture. Christian reformers wanted to convert the Natives, which sometimes got violent.

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1980 - United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians 

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1980 - United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians 

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The court ruled that the Black Hills were illegally taken from the Sioux and needed to be returned to the Sioux, along with $106 million. The Sioux refused the money, saying that "The Black Hills are not for sale." This court case was the longest running in US history