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Before Odysseus went on his twenty year long journey he lived in Ithaca. He lived there with with his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus, "My home is on the peaked sea-mark of Ithaca" (Homer 21).

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Odysseus call to adventure is when he participated in the Trojan War and the war started because a girl got kidnapped. He refused a adventure by pretending he was insane, "After he plundered the stronghold on the plundered height of Troy" (Homer 4-5).

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Athena was one of Odysseus's mentors, she helped with Polyphemus and other things, "Athena granted what I prayed for" (Homer lines 263-264). Circe was another mentor and he gave him the idea of earwax during the Siren part. His last mentor was Tiresias and he told Odysseus his destiny.

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His first crossing the threshold was when he crosses from the real world and into the Land of the Dead, "Circe informs him that in order to reach home he must journey to the land of the dead" (Homer).

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His first test was the Battle of Cicones/Sailing from Troy and Zeus blew him off course. "Quickly out to sea again" (Homer 46-47).

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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The second test was the Lotus-Eaters and that's when he sent his men and they didn't come back because they ate the flowers. "Lotus-Eaters, who live upon that flower" (Homer 89).

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His third test was when Cyclopes and that's when the cyclopes ate his men so he stabbed him in the eye and they escaped back onto his boat. "Went along his flank to stab him where the midriff holds the liver" (Homer 246-247).

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The fourth test was Aeolia and that's when he got the wind from Aeolus as a gift so they can back to Ithaca but his men ruined that chance. "Odysseus men open the sack that drives them back to Aeolia" (Homer).

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His fifth test was laestrygonians and that was the test with all the Cannibals and where they destroy all of their ships but one of them.  "a race of cannibals come and destroy all, but one of Odysseus's ships" (Homer).

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Circe turns Odysseus' men into swine and he demands her to turn them back into human form. "Transforms half of the men to swine (Homer). Circes later tells him that in order to return back to Ithaca he has to go to the Land of the Dead and consult Tiresias.

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In the Sirens Odysseus makes his men tie him up because he was the only one that would hear the sirens and he gives his men wax to put in their ears so they don't hear the sirens. He shows leadership by letting himself hear the siren and not his men, "I alone should listen to their song"(Homer lines 693-694). Circe gave him the idea of them putting wax in their ears.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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In Scylla and Charybdis he either has to go towards Scylla a six headed monster or Charybdis who was a monster that makes whirlpools. Circe tells him to go towards Scylla because then only six of his men wouldn't make it instead of all of them dying, "I sent them on toward Scylla, I told them nothing" (Homer 783-784).

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Odysseus gets held with her for seven years against his will, "I have been detained long by Calypso" (Homer 29-30). Zeus made her let him go because it was against Greek values.

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Odysseus allies were the Phaeacians, Telemachus, and Eumaeus. Telemachus is his son and helps him fight the suitors, "Telemachus hit him between the shoulders"(Homer 1497-1498). Eumaeus is an old friend and he assisted Odysseus with fighting the suitors also, Eumaeus, his old faithful swineherd" (Homer 596). His third allies were the Phaeacians and they helped Odysseus get home by giving him a ship so he could sail home, "Phaeacian noblemen conduct him home by ship" (Homer pg. 595).

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Not counting the enemies in the tests he had to go through, the suitors were his major enemies, "Every shot brought down one of his huddling enemies" (Homer 1523-1524). The suitors tried to marry his wife and take his home from him. Not only did they try and steal his wife and home they also planned on killing his son.

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Odysseus' ordeal is the Cattle of the Sun Gods. This is the time when Odysseus is finally on his way home safe but then his men mess it up and he's not able to get home. Odysseus the tell his men not to eat the cattle because it would anger Zeus and then they ate them, "Zeus Cronion piled a thunderhead above the ship" (Homer 938-939). His men violates the respect Greek value because his men did not show respect to Zeus, "Knifed the kine and flayed each carcass" Homer 886-887).

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The supreme ordeal is when Odysseus gets revenge. He got his revenge when he was taking his home back from the suitors. "Odysseus's arrow hit him under the chin" (Homer 1419). Odysseus shows the greek value of courage and bravery when he was fighting off the suitors mainly by himself with little help, "Every shot brought down one of his huddling enemies" (Homer 1523-1524).

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Odysseus's road back home was when he revealed his identity to his son, "Throwing his arms around this marvel of a father Telemachus began to weep"(Homer 1059-1060).

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Odysseus's reward was returning back home to Ithaca to reunite with his wife Penelope and son Telemachus, "He arrives in Ithaca after an absence of twenty years" (Homer 594).

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Odysseus is an epic hero because throughout the story he continuously shows how good of a leader he is and how much he can grow and become a better person. He is also courageous and very intelligent. During the episode of The Cyclops he shows how intelligent he is when he tells Polyphemus that his name is Nohbody so that when Polyphemus yells it out no one believes him, "My name is Nohbody"(Homer 315-316). He shows his leadership during this episode, when he take twelve of his best fighters to look at the island, "I took my twelve best fighters and went ahead" (Homer 136-137). He shows his courage in this episode, when he stabs Polyphemus in the eye so his men can escape. "Straight forward they sprinted, lifted it, and rammed it deep in his crater eye" (Homer 331-333). He also shows how courageous he is during the fight with the Suitors when he takes down over half of their army, and then with help defeats them all. "But the kingly man let fly an arrow at that instant"(Homer lines 1486-1488).  This all shows how much of a hero he is with his leadership and characteristics.