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The average wavelength of an infrared wave is between 780 nm and 1 mm, which corresponds in frequency range from 300 GHz to 400 GHz. We use infrared radiation in many ways, including thermal imaging cameras, remote controls, fiber optic cables, infrared astronomy, and meteorology. Some of the benefits of Infrared include cost and privacy. Infrared transmission requires minimum power to operate and can be set up at a low cost. It is also a secure way to transfer data between devices as the signal cannot pass beyond a room or chamber. Some limitations include the speed of data transfer in infrared being slow and, Infrared can only be used for a small range distance.

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Microwaves have a frequency ranging between 300 MHz and 300 GHz that is about 30 cm to around 1 mm. The most common microwave produced is around 2.45 GHz and is the same frequency produced in a commercial microwave. microwaves in a microwave is produced in the magnetron.  A magnetron generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field while moving past a series of cavity resonators, which are small, open cavities in a metal block. they are extremely complicated.

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Microwaves are electromagnetic wave with a length of 1 x 10-3 - 1 x 10-1, their frequencies range from 300 MHz (λ = 1 m) up to 300 GHz (λ = 1 mm).

Applications

Microwaves are used within cellphones. Microwaves carry cell phone signals over the air. The sound of the caller is encoded in microwaves by adjusting the frequency of the waves. This is known as frequency modulation. The encoded microwaves are sent via the air to the cell tower and subsequently to a switching centre. They then proceed to another cell tower and the receiver, which converts the encoded wave into sound for the other person on the connection.  Because microwaves can be disrupted by buildings and other barriers, cell towers must be built high above the ground to avoid cell phone transmissions from being disrupted.

Radar guns are used by police to detect speeding vehicles. A microwave burst is sent by a radar gun. Microwaves reflected from oncoming vehicles are detected by the radar guns receiver. The vehicle's speed is calculated from the vehicle's speed. Radar is used to track storms, detect aviation traffic, and for a variety of other reasons.

Pros and Cons

Microwaves operate at a high frequency and use little power.

The disadvantage of using it with cell phones is that, due to their small size, they can't produce much power and require a continuous line of sight to the transmitter. This means that mobile phone operators will require a large number of transmitter towers.

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Ultraviolet (also known as "UV") are rays of light that have shorter wavelengths than visible light. It has a frequency of 10^12 Hz. The source of UV rays may be from the sun, tanning beds, etc. A con to UV radiation is that it can be damaging to our skin cells, leading to cancer. A benefit that people can get from ultraviolet waves, is that it is able to simulate vitamin D

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Ultraviolet or UV waves are shorter than visible light and are invisible to humans. Insects like bumblebees can see them, though. The most common source of UV rays on Earth is the sun. UV has much higher energy than visible light and can cause sunburns and skin cancer with too much exposure, although we do also use UV to tan.
Since stars emit UV, and it is stronger than visible light, we use it to detect far away objects in space.

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The human eye can detect wavelengths from 380-700 nanometers. The wave length in meters of visible light ranges from 8x10^-7 to 4x10^-7. The different wavelengths are seen as the colours of the rainbow. The frequency of visible light is around 400 THz to 800 THz. An application of visible light would be electronic devices. Every screen creates and emits visible light which your eye then perceives as a picture.

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1. Approximately 100 nanometers to 400 nanometers. UV light is divided into three categories based on wavelength: UVA (long-wave UV), UVB (medium-wave UV), and UVC (short-wave UV).

2. UV light is utilized for sterilisation and disinfection methods. The DNA and RNA of microorganisms like bacteria and viruses can be destroyed by UVC light in particular because of its properties.

Pros: Reduce the use of potentially harmful chemicals by sterilising and disinfecting with UV light instead of chemicals.

Cons: Continuous exposure to UV light, especially UVC and UVB, can be harmful to living things and increase the risk of skin cancer, eye irritation, and skin damage.

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x-Rays are an electromagnetic wave with a high energy and short wavelength. x-rays are typically used to produce images of the inside of the body, both human and animal. Because x-rays have a high energy they are able to pass through the human body. depending on the density of an object, some x-rays are absorbed, the other rays that aren't absorbed hit a plate behind the thing being x-rayed to produce an image. x-rays are mainly used by doctors to examine bones and joints, and sometimes soft tissue. the wavelength of x-rays range from 10 picometers to 10 nanometers and frequencies range from 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz. X-rays are faster and less expensive than mris, but could also lead to long term radiation

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● What is the wavelength of your wave/the source
Gamma rays have wave lengths shorter than 100x10^-12 metres
● Explain at least two applications of the wave
Radiation therapy - kills cancer cells or slows the growth by damaging its DNA.
Sterilization - gamma rays kill   from medical devices, by breaking down bacterial DNA, and inhibiting bacterial division.
● Discuss pros and cons with your section of the EM spectrum and your
application
Pros
No electrical or water supplies needed.
Equipment is smaller and lighter than other technology such as x rays
Low cost
Mobile sources
High resolution
Posibiitly of early cancer dectection
High sensitivity
Disadvantages
Can kille regular cells
Unsafe to use on pregnant women
Can cause nausea hair loss skin burns and diminished organ function
Expore to lethal dose will usually result in death within 2 months.

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The most energetic electro-magnetic wave on the electro-magnetic spectrum. It has short wave length of >10^-12 m and above 30*10^18 Hz.

Common applications:

Sterilize medical equipment

Radio Therapy

Astronomy

Advantage:
It can be easily distinguished and identified as it is the most energetic wave on the electro-magnetic spectrum.

Disadvantage:
Gamma rays are relatively dangerous to living organisms under direct exposure. It disrupts the structure of DNA and causes mutation.

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The wavelength of ultraviolet waves are 3×10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁸ and their frequency is 7.5×1014 Hz to 3×10¹⁶ Hz. The wavelength of ultraviolet waves are too high for the level of human vision. Ultraviolet waves are emitted from the sun and sometimes by artificial replicas (ex. tanning beds). 2 applications of these waves are curing nail polish and tanning beds. It quickly dries nail polish which waves time, but can expose you to bad radiation if used too often. Tanning beds make you appear more tan but can eventually lead to skin cancer.

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Infrared is a type of electromagnetic radiation that lies between the visible end of the light spectrum, and the microwave spectrum. Infrared waves have longer wavelengths than visible light. The origin is from an alteration in electron movement. The wavelength ranges from 710 nm to 1 mm and the frequency range is from 430 THz to 300 GHz.
Applications:
-night vision
-sun beds
Pros and Cons
-Pros: Reduced Energy Consumption, pain relief, pain relief
Cons: leave thermal burns, damaging of the eye,Limited range

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Wavelength/Source:
The radio wavelength range can vary from 3kHz up to 300GHz (gigahertz). Radio waves are generated by a transmitter and then detected by a receiver. An antenna may also be used to allow a radio transmitter to send energy into space and a receiver to pick up the energy from space.
Applications:
Radio waves can be used in a variety of technologies, such as...
- FM and AM radio broadcasts
- Military communications
- Wireless computer networks
- Mobile phones
Pros:
- Can travel long distances
- Do not cause damage to human body
- Can be reflected and refracted to change direction
- Transmitted easily through air
Cons:
- Low frequency (can't transmit a large quantity of data at one time)
- Easily disrupted (weather, other radio waves, etc.)