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Columbus is sent to India by Spain to find gold and spices but landed in the Caribbean instead. not finding any gold, he tried to bring them back as slaves but too many died on the journey. He tried to force the natives to find gold but all that turned up was dust. His actions leaded to the indigenous population of Haiti going extinct. Columbus's actions would set a dangerous precedent and start a pattern of oppression toward people of color.

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Jacksonian Democracy was the expansion of the voting rights of White men in America but did the opposite for women and people of color. This gave all the power of the government to White men and ignored the needs of women and African-Americans.

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Antebellum was the time before the Civil War.

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In 1850 the views on slavery in America were split from the South and the rest of the Country. The South was pro slavery whereas there were newly acquired states who wanted to become free states. As a compromise, the law was made so that states could be slave free, but any former slave could be captured and taken back down to the south. Watchmen and police officers were often the ones to capture the slaves, planting the roots that still affect our police system to this day.

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The Civil War was a fight between the North and the South on the subject of slavery in which the North was in opposition of. In the end, the North was successful and the slaves were freed.

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The reconstruction era was the time after the civil war when the slaves were freed. The 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments were passed. The 13th amendment banned slavery, but "black codes" that made it so that Black people could be punished for basically just existing and could be enslaved because of it. The 14th amendment then granted citizenship to anyone born in America abolished the black codes and the 15th gave voting rights to all citizens.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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In 1859, laws were made which said person of color was allowed to live in Oregon. This was language was only taken out of the constitution in 2001.

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In 1875, Alabama started the convict lease system. Private companies would pay the government to have prisoners work for them for free. This was a way for the government to make more money through forced labor on prisoners who they didn't have to pay. Many sentences were also prolonged to pay off their courts costs. This meant that someone who was convicted for just a misdemeanor could serve much longer than what was sentenced. More than 90% of the convicts were African-American. John Hollis Bankhead would make state legislature that had prisoners work for coal companies and he did not treat them well. In 1885 Reginald H. Dawson took charge of the board of inspectors and did a better job and later, Dawson Henley and Lee made reforms that included reduced workloads and punishments, convicts being allowed to send and receive letters as well as supporting Julia S. Tutwiler's prison schools.

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Homer Plessy was a 7/8 white man who arrested for violating the separate car act in Louisiana which stated that any person of color must use a car in the back of the train. He challenged this and his case went all the way up to the Supreme Court but in the end he was found guilty and a precedent was set for Jim Crow laws in America.

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W. E. B. Du Bois vs Booker T. Washington

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W. E. B. Du Bois vs Booker T. Washington

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W. E. B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington were two African-American scholars who had opposing views on how Black people in America should take on oppressive laws made by White people. Washington told his followers to give in to the discrimination and work on bettering themselves to earn the respect of White people while Du Bois thought this would only perpetuate white oppression and he advocated for political action and a civil rights agenda. Booker T.'s philosophy was taken well by the White people of America while Du Bois would go on the help form the NAACP.

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Greenwood, was a growing, successful community in Tulsa, Oklahoma that was torn apart by white people in a huge massacre.

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The great migration was the movement of over 6 million African-American people from the South due to poor economic conditions and discrimination as well as the large number of lynchings.

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The Harlem Renaissance gave birth to and laid the roots for literary and performing artistry. Many famous artists got their start in the Harlem Renaissance like Ethel Waters and Bill Robinson.

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13 parents of children of color that were denied entry to white schools take on the Topeka, Kansas board of education backed by the NAACP. The board wins at the district level but the case is taken all the way up to the supreme court where it is grouped with 3 other similar cases from around the country and the supreme court makes a landmark decision stating that denying children of color from schools was unconstitutional. This decision changed the precedent set by Plessy vs Ferguson and showing that people of color in America should have all the same privileges as White people.

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Martin Luther King Jr. among other great activists lead efforts towards gaining Black civil rights. Notable figures of this time were also, the freedom riders who were people of mixed race who on greyhound buses from town to town in the south, Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party.

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Emmett Till had moved to Mississippi from Chicago and asked out a white lady in a store. She falsely claimed that he harassed her and her husband and his brother brutally beat Emmett to death. His mother held an open casket funeral in Chicago to show what happened and it started an outrage.