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At the start of the second world war, Roosevelt proposed the Lend Lease act that would make the United States the arsenal of democracy by reinforcing Britain. This act was important during this time because the United States declared neutrality and practiced isolationism from the war. The Lend Lease Act sent ships, planes, tanks, and guns, to help the Allies that the United States was secretly rooting for.

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To cover the cost of the war, the government encouraged US citizens to purchase war bonds, which loaned the government money then after the war the citizens could get repaid with interest. War bonds were essential for the war because of weapons and materials that costed a lot of money. Other war bond methods that supported the government during the war would be paintings that were sold by Norman Rockwell. Norman Rockwell raised $130,000,000 for the government during the second world war.

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After the second world war, the United States issued the Executive Order 9066 that forced over 110,000 Japanese Americans to leave their homes in California, Washington, and Oregon and live in one of the ten detention camps in desolate parts of the United States. None of the Japanese Americans had been charged with a crime against the government but the government was scared especially after the second world war that these Japanese Americans were secret spies that plotted to overthrow the United States.

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Fred Korematsu was born an American Japanese citizen in the United States and he refused to go to an internment camp. He was forced into the camp and eventually sued the United States government. In 1944, the Supreme Court upheld the internment of Japanese Americans residing on the West Coast by ruling that the actions were necessary for national security. But without proof from the government, they had no right to put American Japanese people into these camps. The United States eventually apologized years later and gave these citizens $20,000.

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Benito Mussolini was a fascist leader of Italy and he was on the side of the Axis Powers. During the war, the Italian Campaign was enacted that invaded Sicily and all Italian mainland. The Allies began their assault on the South and the Germans and Italians had to evacuate. Mussolini surrendered on September 8th, 1943. Mussolini and his mistress was taken to Milan and hung upside down on meat hooks from the roof of a gas station, then stoned by civilians from below.

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Adolf Hitler was the ruthless fascist and dictator of Germany that was on the side of the Axis Powers. Hitler really wanted to defeat the Soviets and claim  Stalingrad but the soviets held out and the Germans were surrounded at Stalingrad. Hitler wanted to expand his country and re-establish Germany's might after the humiliating defeat after the first world war. German forces at Stalingrad and the North were both surrounded and eventually surrendered.

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Joseph Stalin was the leader of the USSR during the second world war. Stalin didn't intend to side with any side and wanted to stay neutral. Stalin and Hitler signed the non-aggression pact but Hitler broke this pact when he invaded Stalin's country. This forced Stalin along with the USSR to join the war on the side of the Allies with Great Britain, France, and the United States against the Axis powers to defend their country.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt was the president of the United States during the second world war. Roosevelt did not see the end of the war because he dies in office but he did propose the Neutrality Act, Four Freedoms, and Lend Lease Act. Roosevelt's effort in the war and to the government made a huge difference on how the United States entered the war. The U.S. tried to stay neutral during the second world war but Japan bombed Pearl harbor killing thousands and Roosevelt declared war on the Axis powers.

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Harry Truman was the vice president before Roosevelt's death and took presidency after Roosevelt died. Although Germany surrendered a few weeks later, Truman needed to make many difficult decisions regarding the war as the battle of Japan intensified. The battle between the U.S. and Japan was so intense that Truman ordered the atomic bomb to be dropped because he believed it was saving American soldier's lives.

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Rationing supplies during the second world war was very important because it was needed in order to provide for the soldiers at war. Americans at home were asked to conserve materials and to accept ration coupons or stamps that limited the purchase of certain products. In order to provide for the soldiers and have enough supplies for the Americans at home, the citizens needed to practice rationalizing their supplies to help the soldiers.

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Island Hopping was used by the United States as a tactic to get closer to Japan. Led my General Douglas MacArthur, his troops captured lightly-defended islands throughout the Pacific, one by one, until they were within striking distance of Japan. With this tactic, it would take Japan by surprise due to how close the troops would be at attacking them and this would expose their vulnerability to attacks.

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The Axis Powers consisted of Germany, Italy, and Japan. With fascist rulers from Germany and Italy, they teamed up to fight against the Allied powers. During this time, Adolf Hitler from Germany and Benito Mussolini from Italy were allies and part of their own dictator government. Adolf Hitler went into the second world war to redeem the country Germany for being humiliated with the loss of the first world war.

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The Allies consisted of Russia, France, Great Britain, and the United States (joined later). The second world war was between the Allies and the Axis powers. Even with the Neutrality Act and the Lend Lease Act from the United States, the U.S. continued to support the Allies and favored the allies. Event though the America First Committee was created to oppose any American intervention or aid to the Allies, Roosevelt stated that they would keep the United States neutral but assist the Allied forces.

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The Neutrality Act of 1939 allowed warring countries to buy weapons from the Untied States as long as they paid cash and carried the arms away on their own ships. This meant that during the fight of the second world war, countries could come to the United States to buy supplies and resources for the war with cash. This put the United States in the middle of this Neutrality during the war because the Neutrality act did not mention any countries that are exempt from this act.

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The Manhattan project was a secret code name for the construction of the atomic bomb. The atomic bomb was a last resort to use against Japan if they did not stop attacking and being involved with the war. Because Japan was stubborn and didn't give up, Truman ordered the atomic bomb to be released onto Tokyo, Japan. The atomic bomb wiped out thousands of people due to incineration and poisonous effects.

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Roosevelt's Four Freedoms were an expression of the president's vision in which the American ideals of individual liberties were extended throughout a world. The four freedoms included the freedom of speech, the freedom of religion, the freedom from want, and the freedom from fear. With the four freedoms, he described it as descriptions of four essential human freedoms. This encouraged the US civil liberties and rights among the people and inspired many people including Norman Rockwell.

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The United Nations is an international organization made up of nearly 200 countries around the world. Representatives from 50 countries came to San Francisco to establish the United Nations Charter to settle disputes. The purpose of the United Nations after the second world war was to be an international peacekeeping organization that can settle disputes without warfare. This was to prevent another war similar to the organization after the first world war known as the League of Nations.

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The Doolittle Raid was a response to the attack on Pearl Harbor. This Doolittle Raid was organized by James Doolittle who organized a bombing mission on Tokyo, Japan. The Doolittle Raid was important because it boosted American morale after the Pearl Harbor and it exposed the Japanese vulnerability to attack. Due to the Raid, the U.S. found themselves a turning point in the war that stopped the Japanese advancements into the Pacific.

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The bombing of Pearl Harbor was a big and main reason why the United States joined the war. With the second world war going on, the United States decided to place an embargo on Japan which stopped all trading with them. This triggered Japan into attacking the U.S. Japan knew that they could not attack the U.S. head on so instead they bombed Pearl Harbor and killed a lot of innocent people. Roosevelt instantly asked the Congress for war with Japan and it was approved.

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An appeasement in an international context is a diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict. Before the second world war, Hitler tried an appeasement with Great Britain. Hitler wanted to be able to expand their country after the loss of many places due to the first world war. During this time, Hitler only wanted countries under his control without having to rage a war with the appeasement.