# data[].attributes.body
C- This article was posted on January 21, 2017 and has not been updated since.
R- This article does relate to my topic because the author believes technology isn't going to help kids most of the time in life. And he also says writing comes naturally for students. This article does not have a counterclaim and nor it does not disagree.
A- The author who wrote this article is Rachael Tom and the article is a commercial/ business.
A- I did not find any grammar errors in this article.
P- This article sells the reader and informs them about how children and students learn writing easier than all of the technology.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This post is part of a new blog series where two authors present the pro and con side of a relevant topic - this week, that topic is whether or not cursive should be taught in school. If you like (or dislike) the format, or just want to get involved in the conversation, please leave a comment below or on our Facebook page!
Pro
by Rachael Tom
Is there a case for cursive? Common Core Standards no longer require students to learn cursive handwriting in an effort to save money and time. As of May 2016, only 15 states continue to include it in their Core Curriculum, leaving parents to create cursive clubs afterschool for students who want to learn. Although writing in print and typing may appear sufficient at face-value, cursive has been proven through numerous scientific studies to improve academic performance and manage dyslexia. Unlike computers, handwriting is accessible to all, while technology isn't. This form of writing is also what our country was founded on and without knowledge of it, deciphering historical documents becomes impossible. When it comes to personal safety, which is more difficult to forge: a cursive signature or a printed one?

Compared to print, the flow of cursive movements comes much more naturally to children, and compared to typing, engages far more cognitive skills. This cognitive development helps students reason, problem solve, conceptualize and make decisions as they get older. Fine motor skills such as coordination, muscle development and synchronization of hands and eyes, are also improved when writing cursive. Additionally, the letter strokes of writing cursive aids in the eyes' left-to-right movement for reading. Cursive is also efficient for note-taking because rather than a series of strokes, a word in cursive is one unit. "It's not a stop and start," Jan Olsen, founder of Handwriting Without Tears states, "Think of yourself in traffic: if you're stopping and starting... you don't do as well as if you can just move gradually down the road." This form of efficient note-taking helps students retain lecture information better than typing. The phrase, "Write it down or you'll forget it," is scientifically true. Neuropsychology shows that the act of listening and handwriting links the verbal and spatial processing regions of the brain, strengthening memory. This ability to transform lectures, thoughts and ideas into written words improves the overall quality of writing and syntax compared to those who type. According to the National Association of Colleges and Employers Job Outlook, employers who require skilled writing have noticed that employees whose education relied on typing for written work have a decreased level of writing quality than other staff. With fine motor skill and cognitive development, efficient note-taking, strengthened memory and elevated writing quality, there is a positive correlation between handwriting and increased academic performance across all subjects.

When it comes to dyslexia therapy, cursive is instrumental in helping students read. Those with dyslexia find reading and writing challenging because their brain associates sounds and letter combinations inefficiently. Cursive engages multiple areas of the brain and muscles to help those with learning disabilities remember specific letters. Cathy Ruse, a parent to eight-year old Lucy states, "She would never be able to remember 'd,' but when she started sky writing 'd' and using all these muscles, it helped her brain remember." In addition, the mechanics of cursive teach dyslexic students how to group letters in proper order as one unit, unlike a group of spaced out letters (such as print), which causes dyslexic children to swap letters more frequently.

As of 2013, 79% of American homes had computers. Continuing handwriting instruction levels the playing field for students across all demographics. Those without regular access to technology may find it difficult to type all written work, however, those with access to computers can always handwrite. Despite the rise in technology in recent years, handwriting will always have an important place in this country. America was founded on documents written in cursive, and knowing cursive gives all Americans the ability to read the Constitution, Declaration of Independence and other invaluable literature. Cursive is not just a method of writing words: it is a beautiful method of communication with historical, scientific and educational importance to all.

Con
by Kacey Templin
As children, Millennials were taught how to write in cursive in grade school. Then, as these students progressed from elementary to middle school, cursive became less important, and typed documents were the standard. This coincided nicely with the introduction of the personal computer, and the importance of typing skills. By the time these children entered college, many had forgotten how to write in anything but script. It wasn't that these students were obstinate, cursive writing was simply not emphasized or valued. Cursive education has been made nearly obsolete with the emergence of the keyboard. When it comes to 21 st century skills, typing is "in," and cursive is "out."

Reading and writing are fundamental elements of learning. How children learn to read and write is changing, from books and chalkboards, to tablets and computer screens. The online world has become increasingly powerful, to the point that it invades nearly every part of our daily lives. Research conducted in 2015 by the Nielsen found that the average American adult spends over 11 hours a day in front of a screen. Humans and technology are so intertwined; it makes sense that typing skills would be elevated to the level that cursive skills once held.

In today's society, typing is the key to a multitude of jobs, as most now require some level of computer proficiency to succeed. Companies from banks to travel agents to retailers are increasingly shifting to the digital world, and need a computer-literate workforce to help them maintain their online presence. And a basic education in typing just won't do. Employers are much more likely to hire an experienced touch typist than a hunt-and-peck typist.

Some schools, believing that students are already learning to type at home, are foregoing typing classes. Just because children learn to type on cell phones and tablets at an early age, doesn't mean that they know proper typing skills. This assumption has led to a situation where students are coming into their classrooms without the keyboarding abilities they need, leaving the classroom equally unprepared for further educational or professional development. In this quickly shifting world, it just makes sense for schools to devote time to learning proper typing skills than to spend time learning a skill that, while beautiful, is essentially obsolete.

Typing also conveys information at a much faster rate than traditional writing. "What we want from writing ... is cognitive automaticity, the ability to think as fast as possible, freed as much as can be from the strictures of whichever technology we must use to record our thoughts," Anne Trubek, associate professor of rhetoric and composition at Oberlin College in Ohio, wrote some years ago. "This is what typing does for millions. It allows us to go faster, not because we want everything faster in our hyped-up age, but for the opposite reason: we want more time to think." Even when typing with just two fingers, the average typing speed is significantly faster than handwriting in all cases. Information can also be organized easier and disseminated quicker. It's much easier to email notes than it is to send them in the mail or hand them to the recipient in person the next time the sender sees them.

Typing is also less error focused than handwriting. If a mistake is made, students can easily undo or delete the problem and start over, and suggestions are given in applications like Microsoft Word. This can help the student master English skills, and the learning process can feel more rewarding.

Typing is an increasingly important skill that deserves more attention in today's technologically advanced society. Writing with a pen and paper is still important, but it is unnecessary to devote precious time to an archaic device employed by our forefathers. It is logical for schools to replace cursive classes with typing classes, as this prepares students for the jobs of the future.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Pros and Cons Series Part 3: Should Cursive Be Taught in School?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This post is part of a new blog series where two authors present the pro and con side of a relevant topic - this week, that topic is whether or not cursive should be taught in school. If you like (or dislike) the format, or just want to get involved in the conversation, please leave a comment below or on our Facebook page!

# data[].attributes.headline
Lewis University - why should we teach cursive writing?  

# data[].attributes.subject
Lewis University - why should we teach cursive writing?  

# data[].attributes.body
C- This article was published on March 7, 2018 and has not been updated.
R- This article does relate to my topic because the author writes about how it helps students learn more in writing skills. This article does not disagree with my claim.
A- This article was written by Dr. Susan chill. and this article is a college materials.
A- I did not see any grammar mistakes in this article.
P- This teaches and persuades the readers about how students should learn cursive.

# data[].attributes.headline
E- news - cursive hand writing will no longer be taught in schools. 

# data[].attributes.subject
E- news - cursive hand writing will no longer be taught in schools. 

# data[].attributes.body
C- This article was published on November 15, 2013 and has not been updated.
R- This article does relate to my topic because it is about how cursive writing is no longer taught in schools. But this article does not agree with my claim because it talks about how keyboarding will help students more with school work and life. and teachers think cursive takes time away from core classes.
A- John Boone had wrote this article and commercial/ business.
A- There was some missing punctuations.
P- This article informs and persuades readers because they are telling us cursive writing does not help students and it just wastes time in their core classes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
iStock

Also, because computers.

The biggest controversy to take place in the world of penmanship is happening right now: The Common Core education standards dictate that cursive will no longer be taught in elementary schools. And things are getting pretty heated.

Where does your allegiance fall?

Seven states-California, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts, North Carolina and Utah-are now fighting to keep cursive in the curriculum. Their argument is that "it helped distinguish the literate from the illiterate."

Jokes on them because all kids are illiterate these days. Because again: computers.

"It's much more likely that keyboarding will help students succeed in careers and in school than it is that cursive will," said Morgan Polikoff, assistant professor of K-12 policy and leadership at the University of Southern California. So instead of cursive, kids might learn keyboarding.

Here's our two cents: You spend the entire year in third grade learning how to write in cursive and then will never, ever write in cursive again. Instead, schools should add additional spelling lessons to the curriculum. Kids are more tech savvy these days, but because of Microsoft Spell Check, NOBODY knows how to spell without a computer anymore.

Let's spend that time teaching kids that there is a difference between language used to text and tweet and proper, written English. It's no longer a matter of knowing "your" vs. "you're," it's learning that it's definitely never "ur."

Also, the capital, cursive "Q" looks so stupid.

Advocates for learning cursive (including Idaho representative Linden Bateman, 72) argue that "more areas of the human brain are engaged when children use cursive handwriting than when they keyboard."

Bateman continues, "The fluid motion employed when writing script enhances hand-eye coordination and develops fine motor skills, in turn promoting reading, writing and cognition skills."

And if that's the reasons schools taught cursive, sure, fine. That's great. Also, there are plenty of other ways that kids can develop hand-eye coordination that doesn't involve spending a year of their prime development time learning a new alphabet.

But Bateman also argues that forgoing cursive may have much more consequential results: He argues we "will lose the ability to interpret valuable cultural resources-historical documents, ancestors' letters and journals, handwritten scholarship - if they can't read cursive."

"The Constitution of the United States is written in cursive. Think about that," Bateman said.

The Constitution of the United States is also available online, typed out. Not in cursive. Soooooo...We're probably good.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Cursive Handwriting Will No Longer Be Taught in Schools: Should It?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
iStock Also, because computers. The biggest controversy to take place in the world of penmanship is happening right now: The Common Core education standards dictate that cursive will no longer be taught in elementary schools. And things are getting pretty heated. Where does your allegiance fall?

# data[].attributes.body
C- This article was published on January 6, 2018 and was not updated since.
R- This article does relate to my claim because it talks about hoe cursive writing helps stimulates the brain and helps students write after and better. The article does agree with my claim because it is all for cursive writing being taught in schools. This article does not show a counterclaim.
A- This article was written by Iris Hatfield of nw American cursive. it was a commercial/ business
A- I did not find any grammar errors.
P- This article teaches and persuades the reader because in the article it is giving us facts about how cursive writing should be taught in schools and how it helps kids with their learning style and skills.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Developing an attractive, legible cursive handwriting style certainly has great aesthetic value, but it also has numerous mental, physical, social, and practical benefits. Here are the Top 10 reasons to learn cursive!

1. Improved neural connections. Cursive handwriting stimulates the brain in ways that typing cannot. It improves the dynamic interplay of the left and right cerebral hemispheres, helps build neural pathways, and increases mental effectiveness. According to Virginia Berninge r, a researcher and professor at the University of Washington, "Pictures of brain activity have illustrated that sequential finger movements used in handwriting activated massive regions of the brain involved in thinking, language, and working memory. Handwriting differs from typing because it requires executing sequential finger strokes to form a letter, whereas keyboarding only involves touching a key."

2. Improved ability to read cursive. When individuals cannot read cursive, they are cursively illiterate in their own language. The ability to read cursive is required in many settings.

3. Increased writing speed. The connectivity of a simple cursive style is faster to write than the stop and-start strokes of printing. Speed has been shown to increase attention span during writing. This increases continuity and fluidity in writing, which in turn encourages greater amounts of writing.

4. Improved fine motor skills. "Cursive handwriting naturally develops sensory skills. Through repetition the children begin to understand how much force needs to be applied to the pencil and paper, the positioning of the pencil to paper at the correct angle, and motor planning to form each letter in fluid motion from left to right. This physical and spatial awareness allows them to write, but more importantly, builds the neural foundation of sensory skills needed for a myriad of everyday tasks such as buttoning, fastening, tying shoes, picking up objects, copying words from blackboards, and most importantly, reading." ( Cutting Cursive, The Real Cost. Candace Meyer, CEO, Minds-in-Motion, Inc.)

5. Increased retention. The act of taking notes by hand instead of on a computer encourages a student to process the content and reframe it, which leads to better understanding and retention. Studies indicate that college students remembered information better one week later when they transcribed a paragraph in cursive than when they printed it or used a keyboard.

6. Ease of learning. Printing is more difficult than cursive due to the frequent stop-and-start motion when forming letters. In addition, some printed letters look similar and are easily reversed, like the b and d, which is often confusing to children. Cursive is of particular value to children with learning challenges such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, and difficulties with attention.

7. Improved legibility and spelling ability. Cursive requires children to write from left to right so that the letters will join in proper sequence and with proper spacing, making their writing easier to read. It also aids with spelling through muscle memory, as the hand acquires memory of spelling patterns through fluid movements that are used repeatedly. This is the same phenomenon that occurs when pianists learn patterns of hand movements through continued repetition.

8. Increased self-discipline. Cursive handwriting is complex, and is inherently associated with the development of fine-motor skills and hand-eye coordination. Learning cursive prompts children to also develop self-discipline, which is a useful skill in all areas of life.

9. Higher quality signature. Cursive handwriting will improve the attractiveness, legibility, and fluidity of one's signature.

10. Increased self-respect. The ability to master the skill of writing clearly and fluidly improves the students' confidence to communicate freely with the written word. Handwriting is a vital life skill.

Top 10 Reasons to Learn Cursive by Iris Hatfield, author of New American Cursive

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Top 10 Reasons to Learn Cursive - Memoria Press

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Developing an attractive, legible cursive handwriting style certainly has great aesthetic value, but it also has numerous mental, physical, social, and practical benefits. Here are the Top 10 reasons to learn cursive! 1. Improved neural connections. Cursive handwriting stimulates the brain in ways that typing cannot.

# data[].attributes.headline
Should students learn cursive? Educators and students weigh in.   

# data[].attributes.subject
Should students learn cursive? Educators and students weigh in.   

# data[].attributes.body
C- This Vedic was posted at 8:43 pm, April 12, 2014 and has been updated at 12:54 pm, April 14, 2019.
R- The video that I watched did relate to my topic because this video takes about how the the students feel about cursive writing ids not to learn it or not and even the teachers got in the debate too. The video did have a disagreement about how teachers were saying students don't need to learn it.
A-This video was published by Buffalo, Abc (WKBW) and it was .com commercial/ business
A- In this video I did not find a any grammar errors.
P- This video was teaching us and informing us because they were talking about should students learn cursive. people sat students should learn cursive writing but others say they don't need too. but the people that do agree the were talking about cursive is easer and helps kids with learning disabilities

# data[].attributes.body
C- This video was published on august 15, 2019 at 4:47 pm and has been updated on August 15, 2019 at 9:40 am.
R- This video does relate to my topic because people are debating if not teach cursive or not teach cursive writing. This video shows a counter claim because A teacher in the video was saying she doesn't think kids need to learn cursive because it takes time away from learning other important things in class.
A- This video was published by KMGH staff and the URL was .com witch is commercial/ business
A- In the video I did not find any grammar mistakes.
P- The video was teaching and informing us that cursive is still a topic that everyone is debating about but int eh video they had people telling their opinons about cursive writing should be taught in schools or shouldn't.

# data[].attributes.body
C- This image was published on January 19, 2011 and has not been updated.
R- This image relates to my topic because the picture is showing these two kids seeing a letter with cursive writing on it and thinking its a ancient letter because they don't know what cursive writing is. This image does agree with my counter claim.
A- This image was created by Robert Harrison. It is a commercial/ business.
A- I did not find any grammar errors.
P- this image entertains and informs people that kids these days have non idea what cursive is because they don't teach it in schools but in life people still use it and kids need to learn to do it as well.

# data[].attributes.headline
pro article- 5 reasons why cursive writing should be taught in schools. 

# data[].attributes.subject
pro article- 5 reasons why cursive writing should be taught in schools. 

# data[].attributes.body
C-  This article was published on November 6, 2012 and was updated on August 2018.
R- This information relates to my topic and answer because it talks about cursive should be taught in schools, The article does Agree with my claim because it says it helps with motor skills and reinforces learning. This article does not disagree with my topic.
A- this article was written by the source Room 241 team. and the article was a educational source.
A- In the article I did not find any grammar mistakes.
P- This article persuades people because it talks about cursive helping students. Cursive writing helps with kids with disabilities. They said it will helps a lot of kids with learning disorders. And in life.

# data[].attributes.body
C- this image was published on December 3, 2012 and has not been updated.
R- The information does relate to my topic because the image is showing kids that don't know cursive and they think its a whole different meaning. This image does not have a counterclaim and it agrees with my claim.
A- Russell Marin had made this image and it is a commercial/ business.
P- I did not find any grammar mistakes.
P- The purpose of this image is teaching and selling people that kids don't know anything about cursive because no schools tach it anymore.

# data[].attributes.body
C- This image was posted on July 14, 2011 and has not been updated.
R-This image relates to my topic because in the picture kids didn't know how to read cursive when the teacher wrote the lesson in cursive. This agrees because it ways people still write in cursive so kids need to learn how to write and read cursive.
A- This image was made by Bryant Arnold and it was a commercial/ business.
A- I did not find any grammar mistakes in the image but in the description their were some missing punctuations.
P- This image sells and entertains people but he is letting us know that cursive is still in the world so kids need to know how to do it. but he is telling us that in the image.

# data[].attributes.body
C- This image was published on January 28, 2016 it had not been updated since.
R-  this image does relate to my topic because this cartoon relates to cursive about how the Declaration of Independence was written in cursive. And the kid in the image can't read what it says. tis image is not showing a counterclaim about cursive writing.
A- This image was by TEPP writing and it was .com so it was commercial/ business
A- In this image I did not find any grammar errors.
P- This image entertains and informs people that cursive is important because cursive is everywhere and people can't read it or write it.

# data[].attributes.body
C- This image was posted on November, 2012 and has not been updated since.
R- This image relates to my topic because the image is telling us that so many kids don't know how to write in cursive. This image is agreeing with my claim but it has a counterclaim because some kids do know how to write in cursive.
A- David Granlund had made this image and it is commercial/ business
A- I did not find any grammar mistakes in the image.
P- This image entertains and teaches people that a lot of ids don't know how to write in cursive and a lot of schools don't teach it to them.