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http://www.symbaloo.com/home/mix/13ePLQ56Wc

User Name: cherie11211@126.com

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Did the Industrial Revolution Lead to More Crime? (Ariel)

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Did the Industrial Revolution Lead to More Crime? (Ariel)

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During the period of Industrial Revolution, Britain went through some extraordinary changes. The population rose from 10 million in 1750 to 42 million in 1900. In 1750 most of these people lived in villages in the countryside; by 1900 most of the British people lived in towns and cities. London was the only great city in Britain in 1750, with a population of 2/3 of a million people; this rose to over 3 million by 1900. But other places, small rural towns or even villages in 1750 had become cities by 1900. For example, Liverpool's population rose from 22,000 to 450,000; Manchester's from 18,000 to 376,000; Preston's from 5,000 to 92,000, and so on.
For many people, life in these new cities was tough. They lived in over-crowded, squalid housing. Disease was common. But they were also more free than they had been in the village, where their employer also owned their home and always knew what they were up to.
These cities grew up because of industry. In textiles, iron, metal goods and pottery, production moved to large scale factory methods. Instead of a skilled worker making items on a small scale, factories used machines, powered by water or steam engines, employing a huge work force of semi-skilled or unskilled workers to manufacture on a large scale. Working conditions were often unsafe, and employment was uncertain, but some industrialists grew rich, rivalling the wealth and power of the older landowning classes.
The Industrial Revolution meant that far more goods, of all kinds, were being made, moved about, and sold. The transport system changed radically to meet the new demands. First stage-coaches supplied faster travel than ever before, then, from the 1770s, canals provided an entirely new, cheap, bulk transport system. From 1840 the railways supplanted both, with 23,000 miles of track in Britain by 1900, providing fast, cheap transport for passengers and freight.

So how did these dramatic changes to the face of Britain affect crime? Was there more crime, or less? Were there different crimes? And what did people at the time think was going on?
In the Case-Studies in this Gallery of the Crime Strand you will find examples of real crimes committed in this period. You will see how the government began to collect and analyse crime statistics and understand some of the problems involved in doing this. You will also see that people at the time thought and argued about changes in crime.

Three Case-Studies:

1. New Crimes

2. Crime Statistics

3. The Causes of Crime

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Books About Crime and Policing During the AmericanIndustrial Revolution (Cherie)

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Books About Crime and Policing During the AmericanIndustrial Revolution (Cherie)

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Books About Crime and Policing During the English Industrial Revolution (Tina)

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Books About Crime and Policing During the English Industrial Revolution (Tina)

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Frank McLynn. Crime and Punishment in Eighteenth-century England

The Metropolitan Police Act 1829 (10 Geo. 4c. 44).Halsbury’s Statutes of England[A]. Vol.25, London: Butterworths, 1970

Leon Radzinowicz. A History of EnglishCriminal Law and its Administration from 1750

J. M. Beattie. Crimeand the Courts in England, 1660-1800

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                                                                                CRIME AND POLICING DURING THE ENGLISH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (EXPANSION TOPIC)

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                                                                                CRIME AND POLICING DURING THE ENGLISH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (EXPANSION TOPIC)

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History of the American Police Officer Poster (Cherie)

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History of the American Police Officer Poster (Cherie)

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Discover the bold legacy of the American Police Officer from the colonial day "Rattle Watch" to the present-day Officer. Officer’s title from left to right include: Rattle Watch 1700s, Commissioned Officer 1800s, US Marshall 1870s, Roundsman 1900s, Patrolman 1920s, Motorcycle Patrol 1950s, Detective 1960s, State Trooper 1970s, City Police 1990s, and S.W.A.T. 2000s.

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In the almost 100 years between the Revolutionary and Civil Wars,  the more than rapid growth of population and industrialization in America mandated the development of municipal police departments. In 1833, Philadelphia organized an independent, 24 hour a day,  police force. In 1844, New York City had two police forces; daytime  duty and the night watch. During this period, police departments were headed by police chiefs, appointed and accountable to political bosses. Corruption was commonplace.

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How Cheif Thomas Byrnes Make Criminals Confess (Ariel)

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How Cheif Thomas Byrnes Make Criminals Confess (Ariel)

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"The Three Degree"

First degree: Persuation

Second degree: Intimidation

Third degree: Pain

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                                                                                                CRIME AND POLICING DURING THE AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

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                                                                                                CRIME AND POLICING DURING THE AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

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Manuscript: Document sent to Sheriff Samuel Gallup of Bristoll County, New England, April 19, 1703. 2006.98.1. Collection of the National Law Enforcement Museum, Washington, DC

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Even with positive developments like these, the Colonial law enforcement system still required drastic change. During the Industrial Revolution of the early 19th century, the number of factories, buildings, and people surged substantially. New York, for example, jumped from a population of 33,000 in 1790 to 150,000 in 1830. The overall boom in industrial growth and overcrowding brought more crime, riots, public health issues, race and socio-economic divisions, and general disorder.

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Equipment: Double reed wood rattle, Boston [Massachusetts] police, ca. 1850. 2006.524.1. Collection of the National Law Enforcement Museum, Washington, DC

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Different crimes had different punishments, major crimes always resulted in death. Some of the major crimes were stealing, Murder and rape. But these are not the only crimes that resulted in death, even just pick pocketing would result in death. During the 1800s more than 200 types of crimes would result in death. In the industrial revolution it wasn't as big as a deal when people died because it happened more often because of illness, this is why a death punishment was very common.

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Why Was Crime Rate Increased In The industrial revolution? (Ariel)

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Why Was Crime Rate Increased In The industrial revolution? (Ariel)

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Crime was increased a lot during the time of 1750 and 1900, The population rose from 10 million in 1750 to 42 million in 1900. with a lot more people all of a sudden there were more factories and more products that people wanted, a lot people didn't have the money to buy these thing so they stole them, there was also a lot of people that were becoming rich and others were becoming jealous and wanted that for themselves. The industrial revolution did not just make people more wealthy, it also took from others, and because there was a higher density of people there was more chance that crime would increase.

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Anonynous. Crime and punishment
in the industrial revolution.Weebly.com. 15.Jun.2014

Anonymous. Did the Industrial Revolution lead to more
crime?.nationalarchives.gov. 15.Jun.2014

Anonymous. History Of American Policing.researchomatic.com.
15.June.2014

Anonymous. History of American policing.what-when-how.com.
15.Jun.2014

Anonymous. History of the American Police Officer
Poster.historyamerica.us. 15.Jun2014

Anonymous. TheEarly Days of American Law Enforcement.nleomf.org.
Volume IV. Issue 4. Apr. 2012. 15.Jun. 2014

Carol P. How policing started in England. oldpolicecellsmuseum.org.
27.May.2007. 15.Jun.2014

Dan Sabath. The Evolution of American Policing. aphf.org.
15.Jun.2014

Douglas Allen.YoramBarzel. The Evolution of Criminal Law and Police
During the Industrial Revolution.econ.washington.edu.Dec.2007. 15.June.2014

Engel Robin Shepard. Police:History. encyclopedia.com.
Jan.2002. 15.Jun.2014

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After the policing became more effective, the number of criminal decreased, it's more easier to organize the city. So, the order became more and more properly. The living standard became higher, and the city became safer. The limitation is that the number of polices is not enough, so some plaus are still very awful, the way they treated the criminals are unproper.

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Before the policing became effective, people will comite crimes more often and will get away from

justice. Since the policing became more and more efficient, criminals will get caught and will be

punished by the justice of law. So, the citizens in the city will feel safe, and the city environment

people live will become safer, and won't have to worry about serious security issues, crime frequency

will reduce.

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New relationship between the people and the city environment are needed so that as policing became more and more effective, the city environment the people live in became safer.