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Buffalo, August of 1848            Formation of The Free Soil Party

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Buffalo, August of 1848            Formation of The Free Soil Party

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Formed amidst the election of 1848, in the aftermath of the Mexican American War, the Free Soil Party believed in limiting slavery from expanding into the West. They wanted to protect jobs from competing with the unpaid labour of slaves. They eventually merged into the Republican Party.

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September, 1850                                                                    The Compromise of 1850

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September, 1850                                                                    The Compromise of 1850

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The Compromise was a collection of 5 different bills, intended to address the division of states into free or slave states. The debates broke out into fist fights with drawn weapons.

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1852                                                                                                      "Uncle Tom's Cabin" or "Life Among The Lowly"

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1852                                                                                                      "Uncle Tom's Cabin" or "Life Among The Lowly"

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Written to create sympathy for the enslaved and support for the abolitionist movement. The book followed the life of a slave and was the 2nd best selling book of the 19th Century, just after The Bible.

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John C. Fremont, first Republican presidential candidate

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March, 1852                                                                            Formation of The Republican Party

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March, 1852                                                                            Formation of The Republican Party

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After debates over slavery divide the Whig Party, previous members formed the Republican Party. The Republicans were popular in the North for their economically motivated abolitionism.

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May, 1854                                                                                               Kansas-Nebraska Act

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May, 1854                                                                                               Kansas-Nebraska Act

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An act which established Kansas and Nebraska as official states. The act was intended to address the issue of slave versus free statehood, but did so by adopting a policy of popular sovereignty for the new states, in spite of the Missouri Compromise.

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March. 1857                                                                                           Dred Scott Decision

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March. 1857                                                                                           Dred Scott Decision

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Dred Scott was once a slave, but had been living in the North which should have qualified him to be free. However the court ruled that he was still a slave, and that he had no legal right to testify in the first place. This greatly increased tension between the North and South because it made it clear that the laws regarding slavery in the North were no longer being enforced or recognized.

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1858                                                                                                       Lincoln-Douglas Debates

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1858                                                                                                       Lincoln-Douglas Debates

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A series of debates between Abraham Lincoln and Senator Stephen Douglas over the issue of slavery in the United States. Lincoln was of the stance that it was a major and immediate issue, while Douglas argued that it was not as pressing of an issue. It was amidst these debates that Lincoln famously stated that "A house divided against itself cannot stand."

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1854-1859                                                                                                         Bleeding Kansas

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1854-1859                                                                                                         Bleeding Kansas

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A small civil war fought over the issues of slavery following the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. The fight was over determining whether or not Kansas would allow slavery, the radical abolitionists were led by John Brown.

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October, 1859                                                                                                John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry

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October, 1859                                                                                                John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry

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John Brown led a violent slave revolt in which he and his men stormed an armory. The revolt was intended to inspire uprisings across the country. While it planted seeds of fear in the Southerners, Brown and many of his men were captured, and he was publicly hanged in December of 1859.

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November, 1860                                                                                        The Election of Abraham Lincoln

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November, 1860                                                                                        The Election of Abraham Lincoln

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Lincoln ran a very successful campaign following the Lincoln-Douglas debates. He ran against Hannibal Hamlin, and both ran for the Republican Party. Lincoln was the first Republican president, and while he was well-received in the North, the Southerners viewed his election as a clear sign of aggression. His election was ultimately the immediate cause of the secession of the Southern confederacy.