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The artifact is written by Britannica School and I could not find the date to when it was published. Nonetheless, it is a Russian propaganda political strategy to influence public opinion. It involves Marxism practiced by communists in the Soviet Union. It can be processed through theater and songs and it has subliminal messages that the government wants the people to be aware of. Their messages is usually about the explanation of unemployment or hunger. It is their get around way of reducing much resources for the citizens and use them for their benefit.

In the book, the proletarians are always deceived by their leaders through news media in the telescreen. Constantly being at war, layers of statistics, and music has impacted proletarians' mindset. Furthermore, by controlling the news media they were able to achieve the following: eradicating the past and use of doublethink, the parties can change any facts depending on their situation.

The techniques that the Soviet Union use to change the public voice is very similar to 1984 where the telescreen are always next to the citizens and the constant bombing near people's homes has created a sense of fear and many of them has lost their thoughts of rebellion. Whereas Soviet Union came up with the technique to unconsciously deceive their citizens by inserting ideas to couple individuals and then spreading it to the majority of population through speeches and slogans. This can be problematic and we all need be caring since the citizens are being manipulated by their leaders on public voices. Therefore, there will be no such thing as innovation but constant stagnation.

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Welcome to Britannica School , a safe, up-to-date, and age-appropriate information resource for Elementary, Middle, and High School.

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In 1984, Orwell warned us about how individuals with power/money deceive their citizens.These are the methods the are using.

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The article was written in May 9, 2017 by BBC news and it is reporting on the recent scandal by the South Korea president, Park Guen-hye has brought her to a point where she had to be forced from office.  It appears to be that no one knew about the incident before it exploded in the media coverage. Her anonymous actions with her best friend Mr. Choi which Ms. Choi tried to abuse the authority, attempt to coerce and attempted fraud from Mrs. Park. After the failure of Lee myung Bak, the previous South Korean president, everyone had their hopes on her and she was elected by the people. Her slogan, "A country where my dreams can come true." has not reflected her presidency years whatsoever.

In 1984, the proletarians are believing the leader "big brother" where he is all powerful and immortal. Everyone in the book, are constantly notified by their telescreens where big brother is omniscient and he is always doing the right thing for the people. Orwell brings up the concept of leader worship but also where people are deceived by people who have power/money.

This article can be reflected to the warnings by Orwell to our current president election where we have the trust in our current president but later on we find out that the leaders have manipulated us to believe them therefore they can have so much power to only abuse them for their own benefit.

There needs to be more restricted environment inside the government in South Korea to stop the corruption or else South Koreans will be constantly be lead by a deceiving ruler that can impact the whole nation later on.

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In 2016, South Korea saw the start of a massive corruption scandal involving its political and business elite that brought down its first female president Park Geun-hye.

The scandal, which continues to ripple through South Korean society, generated huge protests.

It has centred on Park's relationship with an old friend, Choi Soon-sil, and has brought to the surface allegations of cult activities, influence-peddling and leaks of classified information.

What is the relationship at the heart of the scandal?

In 1974, Park Geun-hye's mother was killed by a North Korean assassin.

Park, then aged 22, became a stand-in first lady for her widowed father, then-military leader Park Chung-hee.

She got to know Choi Tae-min, a pseudo-Christian cult leader dubbed "the Korean Rasputin".

He became a close family friend and Park's mentor, while also amassing considerable wealth and power.

Park's father was assassinated in 1979. By this point she was firm friends with Mr Choi's daughter, Choi Soon-sil, who later became her adviser when Park became president.

Their critics believe Choi perpetuated her father's habits, and some media reports suggested that Ms Park held shamanist rituals at the presidential compound under Choi's influence, which Park denied.

The friendship behind South Korea's presidential crisis

Why did the friendship become problematic?

In February 2018, Choi was sentenced to 20 years in jail for corruption, influence-peddling and abuse of power. She was earlier found guilty of using her position to solicit favours for her daughter.

Choi was found to have had used her presidential connections to pressure conglomerates - including electronics giant Samsung - for millions of dollars in donations to two non-profit foundations she controlled.

Park meanwhile has been accused of colluding with Choi, and giving her unauthorised access to state documents.

Ms Park was officially ousted in March 2017, following parliament's decision to impeach her in December. She was the country's first democratically-elected president to be forced from office.

After losing her presidential immunity, she was charged with bribery, abusing state power and leaking state secrets.

Did a puppy bring down Park Geun-hye?

Tragedy of South Korea's first female leader

Both women denied wrongdoing in their trials.

They had earlier apologised, but it was unclear exactly what they were apologising for.

Choi said she had committed an "unpardonable crime", though her lawyer said this was not a legal admission of guilt.

Park admitted she had committed lapses, and apologised to the public for causing "national concern".

So how is Samsung involved?

The firm was one of eight that has admitted making payments to the foundation, but denied it did so in return for any favours.

In August 2017, Samsung's de facto head, Lee Jae-yong, was jailed for five years for bribery and embezzlement. He was later freed in February after an appeals court reduced and suspended his sentence.

Lee was convicted over payments of 43bn won ($36.4m; £30.3m) made to Choi's foundations, as well as for giving a horse and several million dollars to assist the equestrian career of Choi's daughter.

Prosecutors had accused Lee of approving these payments and gifts in order to win government support for a major restructuring of Samsung.

The 2015 merger of two Samsung units, which paved the way for Lee to become the eventual head of South Korea's largest conglomerate, sparked controversy at that time.

While Lee did not dispute that the payments were made, he maintained during his trial that he was not involved in the decisions and denied that he sought government favours.

Lee was also found guilty of hiding assets overseas, concealing criminal proceeds, and perjury.
Who is Samsung's Lee Jae-yong?
Is anyone else involved?

A host of other players have either been implicated, investigated or jailed in connection with the wide-reaching scandal.

These include Samsung executives, various figures in the entertainment world, a former minister, presidential aides, university officials and former associates.

One of them is Choi's daughter, Chung Yoo-ra, a former national equestrian and recipient of Samsung's gift horse.

Choi was convicted for influencing officials at Ms Chung's university to admit her daughter and give her grades for papers or exams she never took.

Prosecutors say Ms Chung was involved in or had knowledge of several of her mother's crimes, but she has denied it.

She was extradited to South Korea from Denmark in early 2017, but has not been detained.

How has the scandal affected South Korean society?

Since it began the whole affair prompted numerous mass protests in South Korea, many of which called for Park to step down.

It fuelled discontent against the government, the political elite and family-run conglomerates which dominate South Korea's economy.

It also propelled the liberal Moon Jae-in, who campaigned on a platform of a clean government, into power after Park.

How identity politics fuelled South Korean scandal

Though Choi and Lee have been convicted, much of the attention has still been focused on Park.

For many South Koreans, the former president who has been at the centre of one of the country's biggest scandals still has a lot to answer for.

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In 2016, South Korea saw the start of a massive corruption scandal involving its political and business elite that brought down its first female president Park Geun-hye. The scandal, which continues to ripple through South Korean society, generated huge protests.

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Here we have an article that is written in August 28, 2016 by Daily mail that directly addresses Kim Jong Un being worshipped by teenagers during a youth league mass rally. This project is a part in North Korea's Social system. By doing these kind of actions, Kim Jong Un is one step closer to deceiving its citizens.

Furthermore, in the book, Orwell mentions that members of the parties have to create flags, slogans and songs for Big brother. Which is very similar to the situation in North Korea where age from 14 to 30 are expected to join the rally to celebrate Kim Jong Un.

These actions that are required for to be done from the leaders misleads its citizens to be manipulated by Kim Jong Un where they will never be against Kim Jong Un since they will be always praising for him through these kind of events. We need to be caring about this situation because the life of North Koreans will get tougher and their moral values can might become to be only praising King Jong Un and their future leaders. (Like in the book 1984)

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Almost 150,000 people flocked to the Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, which is the largest in the world

The adoring teenagers waved torches and stood and cheered as tyrant Kim Jong Un walked in

The unique celebration marked the country's main youth league first gathering in more than 23 years

North Korean leader Kim Jong Un was worshipped by almost 150,000 adoring teenagers who had filled the world's largest stadium for a youth league mass rally.

People flocked to the Rungrado 1st of May Stadium which is in the centre of the country's capital, Pyongyang.

The gathering marked a celebration of the country's main youth league on Sunday night, capping the organisation's first gathering in more than 23 years.

The Kim Il Sung Socialist Youth League plays a major part in North Korea's social system.

Young people from the ages of 14 to 30 are expected to join and take part in activities ranging from study sessions to helping out in major construction projects.

North Korea says the youth league has 5 million members.

And the giant stadium, which has a capacity of 150,000 was almost full as the crowd stood and cheered as the tyrant walked in.

The event lasted just over an hour, with thousands of torch-carrying youths rushing around the stadium in formation, making patterns, symbols and slogans. Fireworks burst above the stadium at the show's climax.

North Korean state media did not immediately report on what took place at the 9th Congress of the youth league, which ran Friday through Sunday. Foreign media were not allowed in.

The 8th Congress was held in February 1993.

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Despot Kim Jong Un is worshipped by 150,000 North Korean teenagers

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Almost 150,000 people flocked to the Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, which is the largest in the world The adoring teenagers waved torches and stood and cheered as tyrant Kim Jong Un walked in The unique celebration marked the country's main youth league first gathering in more than 23 years North Korean leader Kim Jong Un was worshipped by almost 150,000 adoring teenagers who had filled the world's largest stadium for a youth league mass rally.

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We have another artifact from VICE in March 13, 2017. Their visual arts represents what our society would be based on the book 1984. For example, the constant surveillance, 2 minute hate and the infamous teaching of 2+2=5 .

In the book, Orwell warned us about the infamous techniques to deceive or even fool its citizens to manipulate them to stay in power. Such equations like 2+2=5 or sudden changes of enemies from Eurasia to Eastasia. These reasons add up to the fact that people with power/money can have the authority to deceive their citizens.

From these arts, we are able to visualize what would look like if our society was like in 1984. This arts that are shown gives an general idea of a futuristic authoritarian society which is lead by powerful leaders. It shows how powerful leaders can have a huge role on deceiving their own citizens by creating structured environment to control their mindset.  We need to care about these visual arts to make sure that all of us are aware of how devastating the society is 1984 and to make sure that it does not happen in our world.

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Dystopia is in the air. Is it really any surprise that George Orwell's tale of a futuristic authoritarian state,, is on Amazon's bestseller list? In a time in which Kellyanne Conway's "Alternative Facts" seem like the least of our problems, publisher Penguin has seen a 9500% sales increase of the sci-fi novelist's final work; stage renditions and screenings of Michael Radford's screen adaptation are popping up all over the world; anonymous donors are handing out the book like bibles; wholesaler Costco has even started stocking the book; and 1984 fan fiction is now part of the news cycle.

Part of 1984's appeal is the language Orwell developed for identifying fascist control methods, which are increasingly visible today. Power structures like the Ministries of Truth, Peace, Plenty, and Love-each of which represents the opposite of its title-are reflected in an Environmental Protection Agency led by a climate change denier, and an education department run by someone who prefers "charter" to public education. "Alternative Facts" sounds a lot like the book's "Newspeak," the simplification and rebranding of common language, and "Doublethink," whereby the government controls historical records and the news, sounds an awful lot like Breitbart retellings of current events.

With 1984's popularity, the debate about whether our current world is more like Orwell's dystopia or the one described in Aldous Huxley's Brave New World has resurfaced as well. Both books warn of the dangers their authors perceived was on the horizon, but the living legacy of 1984 is its mark on language, so Creators asked artists to illustrate the terms and concepts from the book that they see reflected in today's society.
For this drawing, I focused on what the government's plans are for the American public school system and whether or not these plans will yield an acceptable outcome. I applied the idea of mind control that takes place in the sinister "Room 101" in 1984 to a run down public school in the future. In Room 101 a person is re-educated by being subjected to their greatest fear in order to forcibly control their reality. In the drawing, government cutbacks have led to the introduction of robot teachers providing substandard curriculum. These robot teachers are blasting horrible fears into the minds of these students, forcing them to revise and believe that 2+2=5. - Joe Baker This is my take on the the two minutes of hate idea. It's a scene of an office space where everyone is angrily shouting at their PCs [instead of a communal theater]. - Alex Gamsu Jenkins I'd obviously like to do Ministry of Truth. Two characters on a bench in the subway, one poor and desperate looking at another one. A nearby paper says, "Poverty Ends! Latest Tweet: Affordable housing for all!" - Jennifer Hershey A relevant concept is "Doublethink," and this is the quote that I'm referencing: "In memory. Very well, then. We, the Party, control all records, and we control all memories. Then we control the past, do we not?" I think that this really relates to how the Trump administration deleted sites on the Obama administration's website and cut funding to programs that fund the arts, such as PBS and NPR. In a classroom setting there is a trashcan with a book in it that says, "Science is real." The teacher is passing out new textbooks that say, "Science is real when it's convenient." This Lately I have been thinking about how Trump and the apparatus that Trump represents is controlling the media by launching a war on the media in the form of discrediting it. If media is always supposedly bogus, it could become hard to believe any of it. Then there was the debut "alternative facts"-which struck me as Orwellian when I first heard it-this idea that people could be lead to believe that somehow facts are subjective. While, of course, people could become radicalized in a nationalistic way as in 1984, the path I see is more that people are gradually becoming more and more apathetic. This piece is capturing those ideas. As a sort of secret detail: all my drawings include what i think of as a surveillance bot; the little hovering orb with the red (recording dot) eye. - Alex S. Martin
Fight Off Banshee Bikers in a Neon Dystopian Video Game
Artists Confront State Power in a Political Multimedia Exhibition 'We Happy Few' Is the Perfect Dystopian Video Game for Brexit Blues plays on the idea of rewriting history when history is currently impacting us. - Corrine James

You can buy your own copy of 1984 here, and take a look at more dystopian art in the links below.

Related:

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[Exclusive] 5 Artists Reimagine '1984' for Modern Times

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Dystopia is in the air. Is it really any surprise that George Orwell's tale of a futuristic authoritarian state,, is on Amazon's bestseller list?

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The artifact is from Psychology Today written in September 23, 2011. Where it talks about the North Koreans are deceived by their leaders and in fact, they believe that their current lifestyle is at the highest point when comparing it to other countries. In North Korea, songs, films, and articles are all about "deifying" the leaders which it makes it so that the citizens can be always notified to praise their leader. They believe exactly what the leader says: Kim ll-sung died angelic cranes tried to take him but were foiled by the devotion of the mourners and they believe that Americans are evil warmongers bent on invading their country.

In the book, we can see that proletarians always trust their own leader, "big brother". The party officials abuse this idea as a cogent role model. In result, they can do the following things:  eradication of past, constant reduction of food distribution and lastly changing their moral values.

The article reflects the society in 1984 where North Koreans are constantly being deceived by their powerful leader. The leader completely blocks out outside influence (xenophobia)  and by doing so they can create their own news media. Therefore, North Koreans can only have access to Kim Jong Un's made-up news media which represents his supremacy towards his citizens. We need to be caring about this information because as ignorance comes naturally, North Koreans are one step further from the reality which means they are giving up their freedom and constantly being in labor by the leader's commands.

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" Inside North Korea" chronicles the work of a Nepalese eye surgeon on a mission to cure North Korean cataract patients. Near the end of the documentary all the patients are gathered in a room; one by one, they remove their eye patches and, for the first time in years, are able to see. Kowtowing in front of the portraits of the North Korean ruler, Kim Jong-il, and his revered father, Kim Il-sung, they thank them and sing their praises.

What is wrong with this picture? Kim Jong-il is not the reason these patients have been treated. Kim Jong-il is the reason they had not been treated up to that point. North Korea's health care system is in shambles, as are the rest of the social services and the economy more generally. In the mid-nineties a terrible famine struck the country, killing hundreds of thousands of people-while the dear ruler was gorging himself on cognac and other imported delicacies. Yet people still seem to worship him and his dead father, thanking them for every good thing that comes their way rather than blaming their dear leader (daddy) and dear ruler (sonny) for how rarely anything good comes their way. As Barbara Demick puts it in her wonderful book on the ordinary lives of North Koreans: "North Korea invites parody. We laugh at the excesses of the propaganda and the gullibility of the people."

North Koreans believe that they live in one of the most advanced nations in the world. They believe that when Kim Il-sung died angelic cranes tried to take him but were foiled by the devotion of the mourners. They believe that Americans are evil warmongers bent on invading their country. In spite of all their suffering, they still trust a government that has been enslaving them for decades. People who take the guy who is slowly killing them to be their greatest hero have to be extremely gullible, right?

If North Koreans were that gullible, a serious hole would be poked in the theory I exposed in the last post I argued that evolution should have selected out gullible people; instead, we should have evolved to err on the conservative side of things, not trusting enough rather than trusting too much. So I must ask: are North Koreans really that gullible?

To assess someone's gullibility, it's not enough to look at their beliefs. Someone can have false-even absurd-beliefs for perfectly rational reasons. For centuries, students were taught that the Sun revolved around the Earth. Everybody they trusted agreed on that matter, so they accepted the doctrine. Now students are taught that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Everybody they trust agree on the matter, so they accept the doctrine. Who's being gullible? No one, both modern and ancient students have sound reasons to accept their teachers' beliefs.

What about North Koreans? Demick goes on to explain their predicament: "consider that their indoctrination began in infancy, during the fourteen-hour days spent in factory day-care centers; that for the subsequent fifty years, every song, film, newspaper article, and billboard was designed to deify Kim Il-sung;" and the list goes on... All writings must be adorned with an initial quote from the leaders; gigantic messages praising Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il are carved in mountains; museums are dedicated to propaganda operations; and so on, ad nauseam.

Distrusting every public source of information is not easy. The majority of these people are otherwise entirely trustworthy. The teacher who dedicates her life to improving the lot of her pupils, the neighbors' kid who was gifted enough to become a journalist, the respected professor, they all spout government propaganda.

Yet trust has its limits. The people you trust the most could tell you that you're currently sitting on a giant fireball, you would hardly believe them. You would be relying on what may be the principal method you have of evaluating communicated information: making sure that what people tell you fits with your own thoughts. And you're pretty sure that you're not sitting on a giant fireball.

If the North Koreans' trust is strong enough to make them accept propaganda that blatantly violates their own beliefs, they may deserve to be called gullible. But the conflict between the propaganda and their beliefs may not be so stark. Most effective propaganda has a kernel of truth, however small, and North Korea is no exception. The actions of the American military during the Korean War was far from irreproachable; for instance, they witnessed--and sometimes sanctioned--the massacreof thousands of civilians by South Koreans. The period of Japanese rule that preceded the Korean War makes modern North Korea look relatively good by comparison--Kim Il-sung always emphasized his role in delivering his people from the Japanese. Thanks to Chinese and Russian subsidies, North Koreans were faring quite well for many years, better than their former compatriots in South Korea: universal health care, universal housing, food, work for everyone, etc.

But building increasingly tall lies over a weak foundation of truth is not the main tool of North Korean propaganda. To be able to accurately assess communicated information, one has to have a variety of sources of information-either direct perception or contact with people of different opinions. The greatest accomplishment of the North Korean government has been to deprive their citizens of outside information. It's much easier to make people believe they live in a great place when they have no idea how other countries are faring. Describing the situation in the nineties, the North Korea expert Andrei Lankov wrote: "The most characteristic feature of North Korean propaganda is the almost sterile information environment in which it is able to operate. In the last few decades the North Korean authorities have successfully maintained a virtually complete information monopoly within the country's borders."

Still, controlling information can only go so far. Sometimes propaganda conflicts directly with people's experience. Chang-bo (a fictitious name given by Demick, who tells this story) was watching a documentary extolling the productivity of the workers in a boot factory. He obviously realized that there could not be much truth to it and quipped: "If there are so many boots, how come my children never got any?" Neighbors leaked his apparently innocuous comment to the Ministry for the Protection of State Security. Chang-bo was interrogated for three days; only his impeccable credentials spared him years in labor camp. He quit quipping. If all else fails, making people fear for their lives and those of their family can work wonders.

In such a climate of fear, it is hard to know what people really think. Some psychologists would even suggest that in order to survive people should massively fall back on self-deception. When a slip of the tongue can cost one's life, it may be safer to trick oneself into accepting the party line, for all its absurdities.

I'm not entirely persuaded by the self-deception account. Many North Koreans are not persuaded either. In increasing numbers, they flee towards China, hoping to eventually reach South Korea, where they are more or less automatically granted asylum. Though increasing, the number of refugees remains relatively small-from tens to hundreds of thousands, according to different estimates. Do these refugees represent a tiny minority of enlightened individuals, the only ones able to see through the lies of the party? No. In all likelihood, what puts those who try to run for their lives apart is that they are even more desperate; the route to defection is harrowing, leading at best to a bitter freedom. Many are caught by the Chinese authorities and sent back to North Korea, where they will likely starve in a labor camp. Those who make it to South Korea had better not have any family left behind, for the fate of defectors awaits those that remained.

It is impossible to infer from the trickle of refugees that most North Korean docilely accept their fate, buying into the party propaganda. On the contrary, one could argue that for even a small number to attempt passage to China, a substantial section of the North Korean population must realize that something is broken. Ironically, the very realization that they have been fed propaganda their whole lives can stop North Koreans from trying to escape, as they doubt what they will find on the other side of the border.

I have argued that people should err on the side of safety, trusting too little rather than too much. North Koreans, portrayed as the archetype of gullibility, are in fact too slow to accept some information. When they manage to watch South Korean TV-risking their lives in the process-they are likely to interpret what they see as if it were propaganda. What they see appears too extraordinary to be believed, a level of wealth so ludicrous that the stories must have been concocted by some overzealous government official.

Not trusting the little information they get from neighboring countries, North Koreans rely on two other means to get a reliable idea of what's going on across the borders. The first means is very direct. Increasingly, North Koreans living close to the border with China can simply see what's on the other side; they can see that there are more cars than they've encountered in a lifetime. The second means is very indirect. Even if there is not enough trust to accept the content of a message, it can reveal things that are not directly communicated, things that are taken for granted. For instance, a North Korean listening to a program detailing Hyundai's sales numbers may be unlikely to believe it-it sounds too much like homegrown propaganda. Compare that to a North Korean official stumbling upon a South Korean show--as Demick tells the story. The protagonists in the show are fighting over parking space, which made the official realize that people over the border have so many cars that they have to vie for space to park them. This information was more convincing because it was inadvertently transmitted: no one was trying to convince him of the abundance of cars in South Korea.

North Koreans are not gullible. For many years, many of them seem to have accepted the official doctrine. In some ways, they had good reasons to do so: everyone they trusted agreed; the doctrine was not entirely out of touch with reality; and there could be no conflict with the non-existent information from the outside. When the gap between propaganda and reality widened-mostly with the famine of the mid-nineties-it seems that many North Koreans lost their faith. But they had to-and still have to-keep their disagreements to themselves; the only way of expressing disapprobation of the regime is through defection, a desperate move they make in increasing numbers. Far from being gullible, North Koreans have now become so inured to propaganda that they look at foreign messages with too much defiance. In that they behave like all of us, trusting too little rather than too much.

References and links

HT to Marginal Revolution for poiting to Demick's book.

The documentary "Inside North Korea" is available on Youtube.

Demick's book is called Nothing to Envy, Ordinary Lives in North Korea.

Andrei Lankov's article on North Korean propaganda:

Lankov 2006 The Official Propaganda in the DPRK- Ideas and Methods

On the refugee situation:

Noland 2006 The North Korean Refugee Crisis- Human Rights and International Response

The picture was found here.

This post is part of a " how gullible are we?" series.

There is much more that I would like to say about North Korea, and I will try to come back to it in later posts. In particular, the belief that hundreds of cranes came to take Kim Il-sung at his death is quite unlike the belief that I'm currently sitting on a chair, and this difference will deserve more scrutiny. North Korea may also an amazing example of 'pluralistic ignorance': people failing to realize that many others agree with them, here in their rejection of the regime.

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North Koreans believe that they live in one of the most advanced nations when they are stuck in one of the worst places on the planet. They accept the propaganda fed by a regime that is starving many of them to death. Surely, they must be among the most gullible people on the planet?