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the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.

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Heat can be transferred from one place to another by three methods: conduction in solids, convection of fluids (liquids or gases), and radiation through anything that will allow radiation to pass. The method used to transfer heat is usually the one that is the most efficient. Heat is the quality of being hot; high temperature.

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Mechanical weathering is the disintegration of rock into smaller and smaller fragments. Frost action is an effective form of mechanical weathering. When water trickles down into fractures and pores of rock, then freezes, its volume increases by almost 10 percent. This causes outward pressure of about 30,000 pounds per square inch at -7.6 Fahrenheit. Frost action causes rocks to be broken apart into angular fragments. Idaho's extreme temperature range in the high country causes frost action to be a very important form of weathering.
Chemical weathering transforms the original material into a substance with a different composition and different physical characteristics. The new substance is typically much softer and more susceptible to agents of erosion than the original material. The rate of chemical weathering is greatly accelerated by the presence of warm temperatures and moisture. Also, some minerals are more vulnerable to chemical weathering than others. For example, feldspar is far more reactive than quartz.Erosion i sthe process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.

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he Rock Cycle is a group of changes. Igneous rock can change into sedimentary rock or into metamorphic rock. Sedimentary rock can change into metamorphic rock or into igneous rock. Metamorphic rock can change into igneous or sedimentary rock. Igneous rock forms when magma cools and makes crystals.

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Zoom Astronomy
The Water Cycle

The Water Cycle (also known as the hydrologic cycle) is the journey water takes as it circulates from the land to the sky and back again.

The Sun's heat provides energy to evaporate water from the Earth's surface (oceans, lakes, etc.). Plants also lose water to the air (this is called transpiration). The water vapor eventually condenses, forming tiny droplets in clouds. When the clouds meet cool air over land, precipitation (rain, sleet, or snow) is triggered, and water returns to the land (or sea). Some of the precipitation soaks into the ground. Some of the underground water is trapped between rock or clay layers; this is called groundwater. But most of the water flows downhill as runoff (above ground or underground), eventually returning to the seas as slightly salty water.

WHY ARE THE OCEANS SALTY?

Oceans cover about 70% of the Earth's surface. The oceans contain roughly 97% of the Earth's water supply.

As water flows through rivers, it picks up small amounts of mineral salts from the rocks and soil of the river beds. This very-slightly salty water flows into the oceans and seas. The water in the oceans only leaves by evaporating (and the freezing of polar ice), but the salt remains dissolved in the ocean - it does not evaporate. So the remaining water gets saltier and saltier as time passes.

Web Links On the Water Cycle and the Oceans

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Advertisement. EnchantedLearning.com is a user-supported site. As a bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. Click here to learn more. (Already a member? Click here.) Zoom Astronomy The Water Cycle The Water Cycle (also known as the hydrologic cycle) is the journey water takes as it circulates from the land to the sky and back again.

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the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.

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A Food Chain is a hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food.A Food Web is a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.

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a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

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In biology, cell theory is a scientific theory which describes the properties of cells. These cells are the basic unit of structure in all organisms and also the basic unit of reproduction.
A Eukaryotic Cell is An organism whose cells contain a nucleus surrounded by a membrane and whose DNA is bound together by proteins (histones) into chromosomes. The cells of eukaryotes also contain an endoplasmic reticulum and numerous specialized organelles not present in prokaryotes, especially mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and lysosomes.A prokaryote is a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus (karyon), mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle. ... Eukaryotes are organisms, including humans, whose cells have a well defined membrane-bound nucleus (containing chromosomal DNA) and organelles.

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The peiodic table is the table that holds every element in history

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An Obsevation is any info you gather through your scenses.
An Inference is a conclusion you make based on your observations.

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a method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.

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The amount of Matter packed into something

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Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemicalsynthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances.
A physical change is any change in matter that involves the substance going from one physical state to another. ... Examples of Physical changes: 1. Ice melting involves a change from a solid to a liquid and the substances maintain the properties of water because the molecules never change.

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An Element is each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances and are primary constituents of matter. Each element is distinguished by its atomic number, i.e., the number of protons in the nuclei of its atoms.
A Compund is a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
a Mixture is a substance made by mixing other substances together.

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Matter is the ubstants that makes up EVERYTHING. Vocab: Mass,Volume,Weight,Solid,Liquid,Gas,Evaporation,Condensation,Melting, and Freezing

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a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.

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Atoms are the baic unit of everything. Atoms make up everything including matter and matter makes up atoms