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Law is the an old and necessary institution. There are many reasons as to why any society would need laws.  

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Law is the an old and necessary institution. There are many reasons as to why any society would need laws.  

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1.  Laws were created under the Harm Principle and were written to protect people from being harmed by others.
2. laws are also present to safeguard peoples fundamental rights. this ensures justice and prevention against harm.
3.  legal system strives to create a society that is just, equal and fair and more importantly it also aims at imposing moral and ethical standards that people must abide by.

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" an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" 

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" an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" 

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Hammurabi's code was  was a legal code presented by Hammurabi to his kingdom, which emphasized the importance of doing justice and paying damage.  Hammurabi was strict when it came to justice. he was a sole believer of an eye for an eye. his theory was that their is no excuse for a crime that has been done. the person who commited the crime should be shall not be excused.

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Hammurabi brought the entire region of Mesopotamia under his control. He collected law from various city states and wrote down a set of codes which would help him govern this entire area. Hammurabi had written these codes allowing this matter to be a public knowledge helping in development of law in society. He assigned specific punishment for specific crimes. He started the idea of codified law but it was only the beggining.

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one very common and simple example we can take is that in Hammurabi's code their was a system of trials being conducted. It mentions the requirement for witnesses and impartial judges. In todays modern legal system also we still follow the same system that Hammurabi's code mentions. also Hammurabi's code mentions specific punishments for specific times. even in modern day law, we have specific punishments for specifics crimes. Both the Hammurabi and today's society have a strong desire for the application of justice.

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It is unavoidable to have a set of code of conduct to regulate the governance or ruling of a territory. it is not only to make the governing procedures easier and smoother, but also to have a control over people's way of conduct in society. There would be an utter chaos and misbehaviour if people were not following any rules and regulations, thus, to ensure that people follow the laws laid down by the government, there is a system of penalty which ensures a fine or punishment for the violation of law. The law can be seen as the ultimate supreme power in the eyes of whom each individual is equal to one another, and thus, secure justice and rights for all.

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It is unavoidable to have a set of code of conduct to regulate the governance or ruling of a territory. it is not only to make the governing procedures easier and smoother, but also to have a control over people's way of conduct in society. There would be an utter chaos and misbehaviour if people were not following any rules and regulations, thus, to ensure that people follow the laws laid down by the government, there is a system of penalty which ensures a fine or punishment for the violation of law. The law can be seen as the ultimate supreme power in the eyes of whom each individual is equal to one another, and thus, secure justice and rights for all.

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The old testament- An Eye for and eye, a Tooth for a tooth

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The old testament- An Eye for and eye, a Tooth for a tooth

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The old testament reflects Hammurabi's approach to the idea of Justice: An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. He believed that misconduct or crime committed by someone can only be sorted out by giving him a punishment that is equally dreadful or unpleasant as his doing. The lawlessness of a person could be rectified only by making him pay for his mistakes. He assigned specific punishments for certain crimes, which later credited him for establishing Justice.

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Hammurabi, who subsequently became the historical king of Mesopotamia, annexed the whole region under his control. In a way, we can say that he was the one who introduced law and order to the Mesopotamians as he collected several laws from different city-states and combined them to form a common code of conduct for the entire kingdom. Hammurabi's written code allowed law to be of public knowledge that eventually helped advance the rule of law in society. He came to be acknowledged for establishing justice among people, through his system of law and order.

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Any society needs laws so that people can abide by them, there can be some decorum and organisation is daily life otherwise there would only be havoc. Also for crimes committed there should be subtle punishments so that people would think twice before committing
them. Laws also provide citizens with rights that protect them.

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An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth 

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An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth 

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Hammurabis approach to me was some what fair although the other saying eye for an eye makes the whole world blind contradicts this statement. He felt that a crime committed should also have a punishment that fit the crime. He wanted to set a safe society where each Person was responsible for their actions.

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I can justify this statement by the fact that Hammurabi was first the king of Babylon. Mesopotamia which was just a collection of cities each still being independent but having same trade route or language, all soon came under Hammurabi and so he installed this uniform civil code for all citizens to abide by.

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His idea of uniform civil code for all citizens in a country is used to this date. Laws are very much relevant everywhere keeping people in their boundaries. One of the laws that existed in his time and still exists today, is the punishment a person gets should fit the crime he committed.

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We can say that Hammurabi's code of law is still prevalent in today's world. Although not in the form of his punishments and kind of penalties he had for different crimes, but in the form of his principles we follow his footsteps. We believe in the idea of penalising the wrongdoer with a punishment and giving justice to the person who got offended. The punishments are not as harsh and despotic, but the grounds on which a person is punished and how one defines what a crime or a sin is, remains the same even in present society.

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In society, law is not something which comes from somewhere outside the boundaries of the society.It is in-fact is an innate idea of the society. The law reflects the norms of the society and is what according to the society is good, equitable and just.Every society has its own laws, and these laws change with the change in the norms of the society.Law is required in society for mainly three reasons 1.to regulate people's behaviour in accordance with the the norms of the society.(Regulatory laws, prohibition laws, contract laws, personal laws, etc)2.to balance the harm done by the offender against the individual and society at large.3.To collect and generate revenue from the masses(taxation laws)

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In society, law is not something which comes from somewhere outside the boundaries of the society.It is in-fact is an innate idea of the society. The law reflects the norms of the society and is what according to the society is good, equitable and just.Every society has its own laws, and these laws change with the change in the norms of the society.Law is required in society for mainly three reasons 1.to regulate people's behaviour in accordance with the the norms of the society.(Regulatory laws, prohibition laws, contract laws, personal laws, etc)2.to balance the harm done by the offender against the individual and society at large.3.To collect and generate revenue from the masses(taxation laws)

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An Eye for An Eye, A Tooth for a Tooth. 

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An Eye for An Eye, A Tooth for a Tooth. 

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This means that whoever commits an injury should be punished in the same manner as that injury.the expression is so familiar to us today because of its frequent use in the Torah (the first five books of the Old Testament) where references to 'an eye for an eye' can be found in Exodus, Deuteronomy and Leviticus. Anyone who kills an animal shall make restitution for it, life for life. Anyone who maims another shall suffer the same injury in return: fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; the injury inflicted is the injury to be suffered."  Leviticus 24:18-20. This statement could be the clearest example of Hammurabi's principle.

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In the beginning of his reign Mesopotamia was divided into city-states.All with their own pattern of shifting rules, but Hammurabi eventually got the entire area under his control.He collected laws from the different city-states and wrote down a set of codes that soon, governed the entire area.He set fixed punishments, his approach has been reflected in The Old Testament as well.Despite his empire falling apart, he was still credited for establishing justice in the land.

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It's One of the most basic principles by which our society is guided today!

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It's One of the most basic principles by which our society is guided today!

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It led us to believe in compassion and non violence toward all others.  Hammurabi had a huge impact  in modern governments because it was one of the first written documents that talked about government . It shaped many governments by giving them a outline for how to write the government out . It elaborates the very essence of justice, and explains how we as, society's children are confined to law are justice.

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Any society needs laws because it helps us achieve justice for all.Without law we would be in a state of nature which could potentially turn into a state of war.Law gives us fundamental rights and protects these fundamental rights for us.Without law we all would be marginalized in society today. Law makes our society a civil institution giving all equal political rights.

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A simple interpretation of this line by Hammurabi is that a person who has caused harm to another person should be penalized or punished to the same degree as the harm done. Hammurabi believed in a code of conduct where all people abide by a set of rules and regulations. He believed that justice had to be achieved for all and that an individual who has done harm to another individual has to serve his punishment and cannot be spared, He will have to deal with the consequences of his actions.

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Hammurabi was initially the ruler of Babylon but soon brought the entire region of Mesopotamia under his control. Hammurabi's code dealt with issues of taxes and trade,marriage and divorce and theft and murder. Although,some of his laws favored the position of the elites and discriminated with the lower castes, he is credited for putting together a set of laws in place.

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Without Hammurabi's code of laws the idea of law would have never come into place in such an adverse and effective manner. Most constitutions of the world in today's date have taken inspiration from Hammurabi's code of law to give their constitution a structure. The idea of court proceedings,death penalties,life in imprisonment,under trials could have never taken a form if it was not for Hammurabi. He formulated the idea of "law" for the first time and this legacy or idea has been carrying on till date.

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Society requires laws in order to function. Laws protect our general safety, and ensure our rights as citizens against injustice by other people, by organisations, and by the government itself. We have laws to help provide for our general safety, and maintain decorum and let society function smoothly.

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The basic premise of Hammurabi's law was the statement 'an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooh.' This means that anyone who commits a crime should be punished in a similar way, or to the same degree. He strongly believed in a set of regulations must be in place in order for justice to be delivered. His belief was that any person who commits a crime must have consequences for their actions, in a way to repay their debts, so to speak.

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Hammurabi was the ruler of Babylon and subsequently became the ruler of the entire Mesopotamian region. He created a uniform civil and criminal code, in order to maintain decorum and effective governance. He took laws from different city states, and combined them, thus creating Hammurabi's Code.

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His code was one of the earliest and most complete legal documents. He introduced thing which still effect us today-divorce, minimum wage, etc. He gave courts a structure and introduced the concept of 'allowed' and 'not allowed' in a formal setting. Moreover, he also introduced the idea of the punishment fitting the crime which is still followed today.

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A lawless society would devolve into absolute chaos. Laws are present to keep order, so that society is able to function efficiently, but also, more importantly, laws are made to ensure justice. The presence of laws enables equality, and provides everybody with rights These, in theory, ensure that every person is able to live their lives to their fullest extent. They are present to try and make sure that people are not exploited, or treated unjustly, and that everybody is able to live a peaceful, dignified life. Laws are present to protect the people. Also, codified laws make sure that everybody is punished in the same way for the same crime, so the severity of punishment given to a person who committed a crime wouldn't be dependent on the whims of an individual, or whoever happened to be in charge.

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The basic premise of Hammurabi's Code was essentially 'An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.' He assigned specific punishments for specific crimes, and unified the laws for all the cities of Mesopotamia, so that each person was subject to these laws, and therefore established some sort of equality in the eyes of the law. With codified laws, there were set punishments for specific crimes. Punishments could no longer be given at the discretion of a judge, or a ruler, but had to be served according to the punishment given in the set of codified laws, as per the crime. The basic principle was basically Newton's Third Law of Motion; the crime committed would have an equally severe punishment.

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The emergence of codified law was first seen in Mesopotamia under Hammurabi's rule. He collected different, regional laws from the separate cities in Mesopotamia and unified them into one, standard code for every person in Mesopotamia. This is one of the earliest known attempts at creating codified law.

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The influence of the Code on present-day law

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The influence of the Code on present-day law

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Yes, the Code has influenced present day laws. The Code introduced the idea of a set of uniform laws for all people, and a proper system of punishment for crimes that forms the basic premise of today's justice systems. Although today our laws may be more nuanced and flexible, the idea of the severity of punishment matching the severity of the crime is still a basic principle followed in today's laws. For example, a petty thief would not have the same punishment as a murderer.

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The law is important for a society for it serves as a norm of conduct for citizens. It was also made to provide for proper guidelines and order upon the behavior for all citizens and to sustain the equity on the three branches of the government. It keeps the society running. Without law there would be chaos and it would be survival of the fittest and every man for himself. Not an ideal lifestyle for most part.

The law is important because it acts as a guideline as to what is accepted in society. Without it there would be conflicts between social groups and communities. It is pivotal that we follow them. The law allows for easy adoption to changes that occur in the society.

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Hammurabi keenly understood that, to achieve this goal, he needed one universal set of laws for all of the diverse peoples he conquered. Therefore, he sent legal experts throughout his kingdom to gather existing laws.The basic premise of Hammurabi's code was "'an eye for an eye and  a ''tooth for a tooth.'' The Code of Hammurabi includes many harsh punishments, sometimes demanding the removal of the guilty party’s tongue, hands, breasts, eye or ear. But the code is also one of the earliest examples of an accused person being considered innocent until proven guilty.

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The Code of Hammurabi was one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes and was proclaimed by the Babylonian king Hammurabi, who reigned from 1792 to 1750 B.C. Hammurabi expanded the city-state of Babylon along the Euphrates River to unite all of southern Mesopotamia. The Hammurabi code of laws, established standards for commercial interactions and set fines and punishments to meet the requirements of justice.

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INFLUENCE OF HAMMURABI'S CODE ON PRESENT-DAY LAWS

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INFLUENCE OF HAMMURABI'S CODE ON PRESENT-DAY LAWS

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The law code developed by King Hammurabi had a seemingly cruel and unusual system of punishment.  Despite the number of differences in punishment, there are significant similarities between our laws today and Hammurabi s code of laws.

The basis of Hammurabi s law is that of equal retaliation, comparable to the Semitic law of an eye for an eye. The law offers protection to all classes of Babylonian society; it seeks to protect the weak and the poor, including women, children, and slaves, against injustice at the hands of the rich and powerful. This has several parallels to our laws today; they were created to protect all people equally, rich or poor, black or white, and accordingly. There also is a very significant contrast with our laws, in that most punishment today isn't as severe.

Hammurabi s code placed a great value on life. In our society, capital punishment is reserved for a very few number of crimes. Only is murder considered a capital crime, and even then sometimes there must be further circumstances. Today, we still do place a great value on life, but we view it in a different way. Today, we give value to the guilty party s life, and punish respectively. That system of law was probably very effective in that period of time but most likely wouldn't hold up in today s society. Today the people decide the laws and punishment as a whole.

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Laws are essential for maintaining a functioning society

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Laws are essential for maintaining a functioning society

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Without law, there would be nothing  preventing people from acting as they pleased and on impulse. Mankind would almost certainly degrade into a Hobbesian state of nature, and life would be nasty, brutish and short. Without laws we could not really have concepts like money, trust or power which are essential to society.

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"An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth"

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"An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth"

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This principle of Hammurabi's Code appears frequently in the Old Testament of the Bible, and was clearly influenced by it. Hammurabi collected and studied all the local laws of the city-states under his control, and devised a set of laws based on this. The guiding principle was that if a person did something to another unjustly, the same would be done to them.

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As the first ruler powerful enough to control all the nearby lands, Hammurabi alone was in a position of power to write uniform laws. Though it is important to note that codified laws did exist in various city-states before Hammurabi (in point of fact, these laws were surveyed and used by him in the creation of the code),  he was the first to come up with the concept of a uniform set of laws that applied to all within the boundaries of a state.

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Yes, some part of it has remained in our laws. 

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Yes, some part of it has remained in our laws. 

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Although the focus of law has shifted from punishment to rehabilitation, the fundamental principle that the guilty party should suffer the same actions they perpetrated to the victim, still remains. In addition, concepts like witnesses in a court of law have been imbibed from the code.

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Without a law, people would have been freely committing crimes, doing whatever they wanted to and would keep inviting trouble for everyone. Basically, we would have been living in a society with no discipline. With the formulation of laws, a sense of discipline has been instilled in the people and they have to follow a particular code in whichever country they live in. In simple words, law has made this world a very safe and comfortable place to live.

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The law is important because it acts as a guideline as to what is accepted in society. Without it there would be conflicts between social groups and communities. It is pivotal that we follow them. The law allows for easy adoption to changes that occur in the society. It ensures that the society follows basic principles like justice, equality, etc.

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Similar to the Torah in the Bible, Hammurabi's Code of conduct followed the policy of - " An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth." It was the first written attempt to maintain law and order in the society.  It prescribed specific penalties for each crime and is among the first codes to establish the presumption of innocence, meaning, one is considered innocent until proved guilty.

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Yes, Hammurabi invented the code. Under Hammurabi, Babylon gained control of a large part of Mesopotamia. His laws were carved on a stela, or pillar. He claimed to have received the laws from the Babylonian god of justice, Shamash, in a dream. The laws are carved in cuneiform, and deal with all aspects of life and show that Babylon was a sophisticated civilization.

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The Hammurabi's codes have served as a model for establishing justice in other cultures and are believed to have influenced laws established by Hebrew scribes, including those in the Book of Exodus ( the second book of the Bible, that includes the Revelations on Mount Sinai by The Lord to Moses.)
The punishments mentioned in the Hammurabi's Code of Conduct are too severe for the present day moral standards. Nevertheless, the Code presented the idea of presumption of innocence, that is followed in the modern legal systems as well.

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Laws are rules that bind all people living in a community. Laws protect our general safety, and ensure our rights as citizens against abuses by other people, by organizations, and by the government itself. Every society has its own laws, and these laws change with the change in the norms of the society. Law is required in society for mainly three reasons

1. To regulate people's behaviour in accordance with the norms of society (Regulatory laws, prohibition laws, contract laws, personal laws, etc.).

2. To balance the harm done by the offender against the individual and society at large.

3. To collect and generate revenue from the masses (taxation laws).

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Hammurabi's code was centered around the principle of "An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth".  He understood that without a unified system of laws, justice could not prevail.  The lands he ruled over had diverse populations and needed to be governed efficiently. He assigned legal experts the task of finding out the various laws in the existing system and compiled these together. He understood the need for honesty by all parties in a trial and for court officers to be free of corruption so that the justice system could function effectively.

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Hammurabi reigned from 1792-1750 BCE. Initially ruling over Babylon, he expanded his territory to the whole of Mesopotamia. People in different kingdoms were diverse and had diverse systems of law. Hammurabi understood the importance of codified law and sent legal experts all over the Empire to note down the laws in various systems. He then modified, compiled and released a code of laws to be followed over the entire Empire. These laws were harsh and stressed the importance of honesty.

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Yes, the Code has influenced present day laws. 

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Yes, the Code has influenced present day laws. 

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The Code established a minimum wage for workers.  Hammurabi’s Code was surprisingly ahead of its time when it came to laws addressing subjects like divorce, property rights and the prohibition of 🤬, but perhaps most progressive of all was a stipulation mandating an ancient form of minimum wage. Several edicts in the Code referenced specific occupations and dictated how much the workers were to be paid.

The Code includes one of the earliest examples of the presumption of innocence. While notorious for its barbaric punishments, Hammurabi’s Code also set several valuable legal precedents that have survived to this day. The compendium is among the earliest legal documents to put forth a doctrine of innocent until proven guilty.

The Code also includes a modern take on judicial procedures. For example, when two parties had a dispute, legal protocol allowed them to bring their case before a judge and provide evidence and witnesses to back up their claims.

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According to Hammurabi, a society had to be be disciplined so that trade and other activities won't get disrupted. Nearly half of the code deals with matters of contract, establishing the wages to be paid to an ox driver or a surgeon for example. Other provisions set the terms of a transaction, the liability of a builder for a house that collapses, or property that is damaged while left in the care of another. The total of 282 laws, which he received from the Shamash, was arranged in 44 columns and 28 paragraphs.

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Hammurabi delivered many judicial decisions and it can be conjectured that he considered it appropriate to put down such judicial wisdom in the form of a Code. This is further borne out by the observation that many of the provisions seem provisional in nature, indicative that Hammurabi codified these sets of laws.

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Nowadays referred to as the Code of Hammurabi, the 282 laws are one of the earliest and more complete written legal codes from ancient times. The codes have served as a model for establishing justice in other cultures and are believed to have influenced laws established by Hebrew scribes, including those in the Book of Exodus.

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Laws provide a structure and guidelines on what is considered permissible behaviour and what is not. It is the rule of law that gives a society the protection from chaos and anarchy that would inevitably arise if there were no rules.The law reflects the norms of the society and is what according to the society is good, equitable and just. Every society has its own laws, and these laws change with the change in the norms of the society. Laws are rules that bind all people living in a community. Laws protect our general safety, and ensure our rights as citizens against abuses by other people, by organisations, and by the government itself.  We have laws to help provide for our general safety. 

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Laws provide a structure and guidelines on what is considered permissible behaviour and what is not. It is the rule of law that gives a society the protection from chaos and anarchy that would inevitably arise if there were no rules.The law reflects the norms of the society and is what according to the society is good, equitable and just. Every society has its own laws, and these laws change with the change in the norms of the society. Laws are rules that bind all people living in a community. Laws protect our general safety, and ensure our rights as citizens against abuses by other people, by organisations, and by the government itself.  We have laws to help provide for our general safety. 

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"An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth."

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"An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth."

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The above are the paraphrase of Hammurabi's Code, a collection of 282 laws inscribed on an upright stone pillar. The code was found by French archaeologists in 1901 while excavating the ancient city of Susa, which is in modern-day Iran.

Hammurabi keenly understood that, to achieve justice , he needed one universal set of laws for all of the diverse peoples he conquered

The code distinguishes among punishments for wealthy or noble persons, lower-class persons or commoners, and slaves.

The code also outlines rules for witnesses and those making accusations of crimes.

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It serves as a norm of conduct for citizens. It was also made to provide for proper guidelines and order upon the behaviour for all citizens and to sustain the equity on the three branches of the government. It keeps the society running. Without law there would be chaos and it would be survival of the fittest and everyman for himself. Not an ideal lifestyle for most part.
Having laws ensure that we as individuals are protected from others when it comes to actions that are unfair and unjust. As the world progresses and advances, there will be even more laws and regulations that are there to protect us and ensure our safety.

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Hammurabi’s Code was based partly on Sumerian laws but prescribed its own harsher penalties for some offenses, including death or mutilation for crimes by commoners resulting in bodily injury.
Like the ancient Israelites, the Amorites may once have applied the principle of “an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth” to those who harmed others.
These 282 case laws include economic provisions (prices, tariffs, trade, and commerce), family law (marriage and divorce), as well as criminal law (assault, theft) and civil law (slavery, debt). Penalties varied according to the status of the offenders and the circumstances of the offenses.

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Yes, Hammurabi invented the code.                             Hammurabi was initially the ruler of Babylon but soon brought the entire region of Mesopotamia under his control. Hammurabi's code dealt with issues of taxes, trade,marriage, theft and murder. Some of his laws favoured the position of the elites and discriminated with the lower castes, for example the punishments for wealthy or noble persons, lower-class persons or commoners, and slaves were different. Although,some of his laws favoured the position of the elites, he is credited for putting together a set of laws in place.The code also outlines rules for witnesses and those making accusations of crimes.

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Yes, Hammurabi invented the code.                             Hammurabi was initially the ruler of Babylon but soon brought the entire region of Mesopotamia under his control. Hammurabi's code dealt with issues of taxes, trade,marriage, theft and murder. Some of his laws favoured the position of the elites and discriminated with the lower castes, for example the punishments for wealthy or noble persons, lower-class persons or commoners, and slaves were different. Although,some of his laws favoured the position of the elites, he is credited for putting together a set of laws in place.The code also outlines rules for witnesses and those making accusations of crimes.

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Like today's legal system, Hammurabi's Code lays out the way that trials are conducted. It spells out the requirement for witnesses and impartial judges But the punishments mentioned in the Hammurabi's Code of Conduct are too severe for the present day moral standards.

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Like today's legal system, Hammurabi's Code lays out the way that trials are conducted. It spells out the requirement for witnesses and impartial judges But the punishments mentioned in the Hammurabi's Code of Conduct are too severe for the present day moral standards.

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Yes, Hammurabi invented this code.
Hammurabi ruled the Babylonian Empire from 1792-50 B.C.E. Although he was concerned with keeping order in his kingdom, this was not his only reason for compiling the list of laws. When he began ruling the city-state of Babylon, he had control of no more than 50 square miles of territory. As he conquered other city-states and his empire grew, he saw the need to unify the various groups he controlled. Hammurabi keenly understood that, to achieve this goal, he needed one universal set of laws for all of the diverse peoples he conquered. Therefore, he sent legal experts throughout his kingdom to gather existing laws. These laws were reviewed and some were changed or eliminated before compiling his final list of 282 laws.

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In society, law is not something which comes from somewhere outside the boundaries of the society.It is in-fact is an innate idea of the society. The law reflects the norms of the society and is what according to the society is good, equitable and just. Every society has its own laws, and these laws changes with the change in the norms of the society.Law is required in society for mainly three reasons : 

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In society, law is not something which comes from somewhere outside the boundaries of the society.It is in-fact is an innate idea of the society. The law reflects the norms of the society and is what according to the society is good, equitable and just. Every society has its own laws, and these laws changes with the change in the norms of the society.Law is required in society for mainly three reasons : 

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1) To regulate people's behaviour in accordance with the the norms of the society.
2) To balance the harm done by the offender against the individual and society at large.
3) To collect and generate revenue from the masses.

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Yes, the code has influenced present day laws.
Can be considered as a model of the modern laws- General violations like stealing, lying, and murdering are punished harshly.

They share the same basis, which is to keep justice and legal rights of everyone in place.

The Burden of proof- Hammurabi’s Code: Not only is there a burden on the accused but also on the accuser should they be unable to prove their case. Our own Judicial System states “if a man has made allegations against another man, and he has laid a charge against him but is unable to substantiate his guilt, the one who made the accusation may be sued for malicious prosecution."

Each law consists of a potential case followed by a prescribed verdict- The verdicts could be very harsh. The death penalty is listed as punishment no fewer than 30 times. However, punishment was by no means uniform but rather depended on the social status of the accused and the accuser.

The punishments are not always fair according to conventions we hold today.

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"An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth."                             

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"An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth."                             

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The above are the paraphrase of Hammurabi's Code, a collection of 282 laws inscribed on an upright stone pillar. The code was found by French archaeologists in 1901 while excavating the ancient city of Susa, which is in modern-day Iran.

According to Hammurabi, a society had to be be disciplined so that trade and other activities won't get disrupted. Nearly half of the code deals with matters of contract, establishing the wages to be paid to an ox driver or a surgeon for example. Other provisions set the terms of a transaction, the liability of a builder for a house that collapses, or property that is damaged while left in the care of another.

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Hammurabi was the ruler of Babylon and subsequently became the ruler of the entire Mesopotamian region.
Hammurabi's code dealt with issues of taxes, trade, marriage, theft and murder.  He was the first to come up with the concept of a uniform set of laws that applied to all within the boundaries of a state.

Yes, Hammurabi inven

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Yes, the Code has influenced present day laws. 

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Yes, the Code has influenced present day laws. 

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The Code introduced the idea of a set of uniform laws for all people, and a proper system of punishment for crimes that forms the basic premise of today's justice systems.Without Hammurabi's code of laws the idea of law would have never come into place in such an adverse and effective manner. Most constitutions of the world in today's date have taken inspiration from Hammurabi's code of law to give their constitution a structure.

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Laws are needed in any society to provide rules to the people in order to maintain peace and justice. Laws provide social norms and conduct and lay the foundation for what can and cannot be done by an individual. Laws are generally in the interest of the public. Laws also make it easier for the government or sovereign to govern his/her territory.

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Hammurabi believed that the punishment should be equivalent to the crime. For example if someone breaks someone else's bone, then his bone should be broken too. It was a very strict form of justice often involving very gruesome punishments. Hammurabi wanted to make justice visible in the land. He wanted to destroy any 'wicked person' or 'evil-doer'. He wanted a society where the strong do not injure the weak.

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Hammurabi's code was one of the earliest sets of written legal code. He had a sense of justice and his ideas have not been seen in history before. He established this code to govern the various city-states under the Babylonian empire. His code included more than 250 laws and had gruesome punishments. The laws also varied on the basis of social class.

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Yes, the code. has influenced present-day laws.

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Yes, the code. has influenced present-day laws.

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Minimum wage- Hammurabi's code established minimum wage for different workers. Field labourers- 8 gur of corn per year. Ox-drivers and sailors- 6 gur. Doctors- 5 shekels. Freed slave- 3 shekels. Slave- 2 shekels.

Burden of Proof- The code included the presumption of innocence which meant the accused was 'innocent until proven guilty' which meant that the burden of proof fell on the accuser.

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Any society consists of different kinds of people who would have their own opinions regarding certain issues. In such a heterogenous environment, there are bound to be conflicts, which necessitates the need for a set of rules that the people need to abide by. Laws bring about organization and a more stable society, and hence they are the most important rules of a land. In case a person is harmed by another, physically or otherwise, there needs to be some form of retribution, which is exactly what laws do.

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"An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth"

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"An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth"

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The above premise refers to the idea that a person should be punished according to the way in which they were offended. This principle ensured that the guilty party was punished for the crimes they had committed.

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Yes, Hammurabi did invent this Code. Hammurabi collected laws from the different cities/regions of Mesopotamia and brought the region under his control through a written set of codes. Hammurabi proclaimed himself as a man who had been sent by God to create a fair and orderly society, and with this code, he did precisely that.

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Yes, the Code has definitely influenced present-day laws. The most striking example for this would be 'Lex Talionis' or 'The Law of Retaliation', which is based on the premise of 'An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth'. It rests on the principle that a person who has injured another person is to be penalized to a similar degree by the injured party. Like today, Hammurabi's Code laid down specific punishments for specific crimes and described the way in which trials were to be held.

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Law is one of society's most necessary institutions.

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Law is one of society's most necessary institutions.

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It establishes a person's rights and obligations.
The law also sets penalties for those who violate these rules.
Although specific laws change over time, most people agree that justice is one of law's guiding principles.
The law is important because it acts as a guiding principle for what is acceptable in society.
Laws protect our general safety, and ensure our rights as citizens against abuses by other people, by organizations, and by the government itself.

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"An eye for an eye and a Tooth for a Tooth"

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"An eye for an eye and a Tooth for a Tooth"

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Law 196 of the code states, "  If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out."

The given premise implies that a person who has injured another person, or violated the law must be meted out with a punishment that is proportionate to the gravity of his own crime. In essence, it implies that the compensation for the victim is the punishment given to the criminal.

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Hammurabi ruled over Babylon from 1792 to 1750 BCE. At the beginning of his reign, Mesopotamia was divided into many city-states, all with their own pattern of shifting rules. Hammurabi eventually brought the entire region under his control. He collected laws from various city-states and wrote down a set of codes that soon governed the entire area. Hammurabi's written code allowed law to be part of public knowledge and therefore, helped advance the rule of law in society. His code dealt with issues of taxes and trade, marriage and divorce and theft and murder. He assigned specific punishments to fit specific crimes.

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Yes, the code has had an influence on present day laws.

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Yes, the code has had an influence on present day laws.

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The Hammurabi code of laws, a collection of 282 rules, established standards for commercial interactions and set fines and punishments to meet the requirements of justice. The 282 edicts are all written in if-then form. For example, if a man steals an ox, then he must pay back 30 times its value.
Like the laws of today, Hammurabi’s Code lays out specific punishments for specific crimes. The modern legal code does not differentiate between social class. Like today’s legal system, Hammurabi’s Code lays out the way that trials are conducted. It spells out the requirement for witnesses and impartial judges.

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Any society needs laws so that peace is maintained and people aren't allowed to do wrong doings like theft or murders easily. It lets the people know that what is acceptable and not acceptable in that society. Over the years people might become more open minded or narrow minded. The laws will change according to what the society feels is right or wrong. Laws also makes a society more organised.

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Any society needs laws so that peace is maintained and people aren't allowed to do wrong doings like theft or murders easily. It lets the people know that what is acceptable and not acceptable in that society. Over the years people might become more open minded or narrow minded. The laws will change according to what the society feels is right or wrong. Laws also makes a society more organised.

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An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth

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An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth

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An eye for an eye or a tooth for a tooth basically means that if someone does something wrong to another person the same thing will be done to him. It didn't have any morals, it was practical in immediate effect but not in long term effect. For eg: If a person kills someone's cattle then that person's cattle will also be killed but if they continue to do that, eventually there will be nothing left.
The light-hearted explanation of the basic premise is given below.

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Hammurabi rules Babylon from 1792 to 1750 BC. At the beginning of his rule, the region was divided as various city-states with their own rules but soon the region came under his control. He collected all the laws and made codes that were implemented all over the region. The codes had different punishments for different crimes. They dealt with murder, theft, divorce, adultery, etc.l

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The code has influenced present-day laws. This can be seen in how the law lays out the ways in which the trials are conducted. Also the law doesn't discriminate between different social classes.

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The code has influenced present-day laws. This can be seen in how the law lays out the ways in which the trials are conducted. Also the law doesn't discriminate between different social classes.

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A functional society requires laws to ensure peace, order, and justice. 

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A functional society requires laws to ensure peace, order, and justice. 

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The law establishes a person's human rights, and provides fair punishment for those who violate it. It guides us in terms of what is acceptable in society and what is not. Laws may change alongside the development and needs of a society, but justice must always be the guiding principle.

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An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.

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An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.

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The most basic idea of Hammurabi's code is that if a person commits a wrongdoing of some sort, they must serve a punishment of equal standing, one that is in proportion to the crime committed.

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Yes, the code was invented by Hammurabi.

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Yes, the code was invented by Hammurabi.

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Over the course of his rule over Babylon, Hammurabi sought out individual laws and systems of justice from the separate states in Mesopotamia and unified them into one, standard set of laws to be used by everyone.

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As time wore on, societies changed, and laws were changed and created to fit the lives and mindsets of people in modern societies. However, the ideas of equal punishment and justice that Hammurabi's code introduced persist on even until today.

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The bases of any society is formed by law

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The bases of any society is formed by law

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Law establishes structure in a society, without law implementation of justice, organizations and basic functioning of a society is not possible. A law makes a society more organized and allows for basic functioning. We can conclude by saying laws make a society, without them the society wont exist for long.

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An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth!

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An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth!

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This bases of Hammurabi's code established the fact that all punishments of a person when found guilty should be equated to the crime that the person has committed. For example, if a person injured someone's finger, an expected punishment could be harm to the persons fingers. It establishes an equal and fair system of justice.

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Yes, Hammurabi did invent the code. Before his reign, Mesopotamia was divided into many fiefdoms and was rather a federation with each city having a separate set of laws. Hammurabi set a goal of collecting all regional laws and creating a code keeping in mind rule of law which will me made public.

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The crux of the system of equal and fair laws for everyone was established by Hammurabi. Although the system of brutal punishments has largely been discarded by the world. He also followed up to a modern set of laws focusing on civil as well as criminal set of laws. It also promoted the ideal of rule of law

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Society requires laws in order to function. They're needed to govern the behaviour of people in accordance with society's norms. Laws protect our general safety, and ensure our rights as citizens against injustice by other people, by organisations, and by the government itself. Laws help maintain decorum and balance the damage done by an offender.

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This means that the person who has caused harm to another is to be penalised to a similar extent. For example, if a man broke the bone of one his equals, his own bone would be broken in return.

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Hammurabi did invent this code. Mesopotamia which was just a collection of cities each being independent, under Hammurabi eventually united. So he installed this uniform civil code for all citizens to abide by. It was the first code of laws to be ever made.

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The concept of being punished for causing harm to another and a system of laws being applied to society reflects the ideals of Hammurabi. Although, the severity of punishment has subsided and the laws have become universal to everyone, not differing on the basis of gender, class, economic conditions, etc like Hammurabi's code.

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The basic premise of Hammurabi's code is an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. This means that the idea that people should be punished in accordance to the way in which they have offended. For example: if a person has severed another persons leg out of sheer rage then that person's leg would also be severed

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Yes, it is true that Hammurabi did invent this code because "An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" is a paraphrase of Hammurabi's Code, a collection of 282 laws. He had ruled the Babylonian Empire from 1792-50 B.C.E.

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While the basic idea of having felt the need to maintain order in the society is a common link between present day laws and Hammurabi's code, the severity of punishments have been decreased in present times keeping in mind humanitarian welfare of the offender

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Society needs laws:
To govern the behaviour of people in accordance with society's norms including contract laws, regulatory laws, prohibition laws, personal laws etc. To balance the damage done to the victim and society in general. To ensure that no harm is done to innocent people and the victim should be given due justice.

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Hammurabi was the 1st king to codify laws and rules. Created c. 1755-1750 BCE, this code of law is the best-organised and preserved one. Rules like "If the sacred river finds the accused innocent, his accuser would be drowned" were found in the Code of Law.
The laws were imprinted onto a stele, which was looted by invaders, however was recovered in 1901.

It is a collection of 282 rules, because of which Hammurabi could rule better. The codifying of laws made the laws official in a way, and the public would become more aware as well. Punishments for certain crimes, taxes in certain areas, etc. formed Hammurabi's Code of Law.

-Shubhi Shukla

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The main premise of the Code of Law written by Hammurabi was "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth". What you do comes back to you. According to the Code of Law, if a man broke another person's bone, he would have to get his own bone broken as well. This is what justice stood for in Hammurabi's rule.

-Shubhi Shukla

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Laws are the basic necessity of any nation. For many reasons, as follows:
1. Justice- Rules which clearly dictate what is a crime, to what degree that crime has been committed and the appropriate method of action, results in a fair ruling for all.
2. Fundamental Rights and Duties- Rights which can be enjoyed by every citizen irrespective of their societal standings, and duties which should be fulfilled by every citizen for every other citizen.

3. Uniformity- Laws equalise society, despite the hierarchy. They make every citizen stand on the same level, and do not discriminate.

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Yes, the Hammurabi Code of Law is still relevant.
Although ideals and notions of justice change over the course of time, the law that still persists is that of impartial judgement. Like in the attached photograph, Justice is blindfolded. This eliminates all biases and she only hears arguments from both sides, and forms her decision based on her own unbiased judgement.

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In Babylon, the codes governed trade, business, and social relationships. It also instructs us on Mesopotamian society, such as class divisions and political and economic factors.
Hammurabi's code was a very modern concept at the time, and it has influenced all subsequent populations.
In Hammurabi's code, there was a trial system in place. It mentions the need for witnesses and fair judges. In today's modern legal system, we still follow the same system that Hammurabi mentions in his code. In addition, Hammurabi's code specifies specific punishments for specific times. Even in modern law, specific punishments exist for specific crimes. Both Hammurabi and modern society have a strong desire for justice to be applied.

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Hammurabi seized control of the entire Mesopotamian region. He gathered laws from various city states and drafted a set of codes to help him govern the entire area. Hammurabi wrote these codes, allowing this matter to become public knowledge and assisting in the development of law in society. He imposed specific punishments for specific offences. He began the concept of codified law, but it was only the beginning.

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Hammurabi's code was a legal code presented to his kingdom by Hammurabi that emphasised the importance of doing justice and paying damage. When it came to justice, Hammurabi was a stickler. He was a firm believer in the concept of an eye for an eye. His theory was that there is no excuse for a crime that has already been committed. The person who committed the crime should not be absolved.

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The law is significant because it serves as a guideline for what is acceptable in society. There would be conflicts between social groups and communities if it did not exist. It is critical that we adhere to them. The law allows for simple adaptation to societal changes.