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most of the information are come from our text book

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http://cn.bing.com/images/search?q=resperation+gif&go=搜索&qs=n&form=QBIR&pq=resperation+gif&sc=0-0&sp=-1&first=1&cw=1324&ch=898

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https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=肺泡gif&step_word=&hs=0&pn=3&spn=0&di=187052204680&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=2&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=-1&cs=2839836824%2C4120989256&os=5727278%2C1799100095&simid=0%2C0&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=104&fr=&fmq=1490268198973_R&fm=result&ic=0&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=&height=&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.010lm.com%2F201603%2F010lm10546100947556.gif&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Ba8as4_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3F65ssAzdH3Fda8mAzdH3Fan8aAzdH3F880c0ba_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=0&rpstart=0&rpnum=0

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1.thorax
2.diaphragm. 3.internal／external intercostal muscle. 4.larynx. 5，trachea. 6.bronchi
7.bronchioles 8.alveoli

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All the movement of internal intercostal a muscles, External intercostal muscles and diaphragm is to increasing the volume of oxygen you breath in. That's why you need to breath deeper when you finish exercise.

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At the same times when we are breath in the oxygen. Our internal intercostal muscles will rest and external intercostal muscles will control our rib cage which bones use to protect our lungs open and close. The diaphragm under our lungs will moves done for increasing the volume of the chest cavity.

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trachea seperate the oxygen in to Left bronchus and right bronchus. oxygen continue to the bronchioles which divide from trachea. At the bottom of bronchioles, there are some tiny air sacs called alveoli use to exchange the gas. Capillary net are out side of the alveolus. Oxygen molecules from alveolus that we breath in will diffuse into the red blood cells and combine with hemoglobin.

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Elastic recoil of the alveoli helps to force air out of the lungs.

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when we are doing the expiration. The internal intercostal muscles contract and the external intercostal muscles relax. The muscle in the diaphragm relaxes and it bulges up due to pressure from organs below.
Both the action decrease the volume inside the thorax causing the pressure inside the thorax to increase

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Breathing out
We we breath out the carbon dioxide is to do the step backwards. RBC carries carbon dioxide from the cells to lungs and it will through the capillary wall and cross the alveolar wall into the space inside the alveolus. Also the alveolus are surrounded by elastic tissue. It helps to remove air from lungs when you breath in and out.

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breathing inOxygen breath in form mouth and nose. Passing through epiglottis which prevent foods in to the larynx. After it go through larynx the oxygen enters the trachea which seperate the oxygen goes in to left or right lungs.