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It is one of six historic civilizations to arise independently. Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3150 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egyptunder the first pharaoh, Narmer (commonly referred to as Menes).

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Starting around 5500 BC two major kingdoms developed along the Nile.  Historians call them Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt.  Around 3200 BCE Egypt was brought together under one ruler—King Narmer (sometimes called Menes).  This is recognized as the beginning of the Egyptian civilization.  We know so much about the Egyptians because there are so many written resources and because their culture lasted so long with few interruptions.

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CALENDAR: The ancient Egyptians created a calendar based on the farming season. There were 3 seasons - the flooding season, the planting season, and the harvest season. Each season was 3 months long. That added up to 360 days. The ancient Egyptians noticed they needed a few more days to fit the seasons. So they added 5 days, holy days, to thank the gods. So thousands of years ago, the ancient Egyptians invented a calendar with 365 days!

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The culture of Egypt has thousands of years of recorded history. Ancient Egypt was among the earliest civilizations in Africa. ... After the Pharaonic era, Egyptitself came under the influence of Hellenism, for a time Christianity and later, Islamic culture.

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Ancient Egyptians placed high value on their family life. They considered their children to be a blessing from the gods and so they took exceptional care of them. All people wanted to have children and they would pray to their gods and goddesses so that they could have more children.

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Hieroglyphs. The word hieroglyph literally means "sacred carvings". The Egyptians first used hieroglyphs exclusively for inscriptions carved or painted on temple walls. ... In the third century A.D., hieroglyphic writing began to be replaced by Coptic, a form of Greek writing.