# data[].attributes.body
Neil Shearing, chief economist at London-based international consultancy Capital Economics, warns that the end of an era is approaching.

"Globalization has reached its peak," says Shearing in conversation with BBC Mundo.

"Now there is the risk that the world will begin to de-globalize in the next few years", a phenomenon that would have great effects on the world economy and financial markets.

The position of the expert and the macroeconomic and financial research center where he works is that the current globalization wave (which started after the fall of the Berlin Wall) ran into a wall, long before the trade war between the United States and the United States began. China.

https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-50176780

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Cecilia Barría

BBC News Mundo

Fuente de la imagen, Getty Images

Pie de foto,

"Está el riesgo de que el mundo comience a desglobalizarse en los próximos años", dice Shearing.

Neil Shearing, economista jefe de la consultora internacional Capital Economics, con sede central en Londres, Reino Unido, advierte que se aproxima el fin de una era.

"La globalización llegó a su punto máximo", dice Shearing en conversación con BBC Mundo.

"Ahora está el riesgo de que el mundo comience a desglobalizarse en los próximos años", un fenómeno que tendría grandes efectos en la economía mundial y los mercados financieros.

La postura del experto y del centro de investigación macroeconómica y financiera donde trabaja, es que la actual ola globalizadora (que partió tras la caída del Muro de Berlín) se encontró con una pared, mucho antes de que comenzara la guerra comercial entre Estados Unidos y China.

"El comercio y los flujos de capital internacionales aumentaron durante los años 90 y los 2000, pero luego se estabilizaron alrededor de 2010", explica.

Y aunque reconoce que es posible que se trate de una pausa temporal, su análisis lo ha llevado a concluir que sería extraño.

"No es necesariamente un motivo de alarma"

Una de las razones para explicar el fenómeno, sostiene Shearing, es que la mayoría de las economías están extremadamente abiertas y no quedan nuevos países importantes que no se hayan integrado a esta ola globalizadora.

Otra es que las nuevas tecnologías han hecho que sea menos atractivo para las empresas mantener cadenas de suministro grandes y complejas.

Fuente de la imagen, Capital Economics

Pie de foto,

"No es necesariamente motivo de alarma para la economía mundial".

Y en tercer lugar, argumenta el economista, los gobiernos se cuestionan cada vez más los beneficios de algunos aspectos de la liberalización financiera, que ha sido una característica central de la última ola de globalización.

Pero que la globalización haya tocado techo " no es necesariamente motivo de alarma para la economía mundial", apunta.

Por el contrario, "los desarrollos tecnológicos que están impulsando en parte estas tendencias también impulsarán el crecimiento de la productividad y ampliarán las opciones del consumidor".

Sin embargo, puede haber víctimas.

¿Quiénes pueden ser las víctimas?

Dado que es típico que la fabricación de productos comience con el uso intensivo en mano de obra, como ocurre en en sectores como el textil, "la vida de los países más pobres será más difícil".

Esto, se sumará a los vientos que soplan en contra de los mercados emergentes, agrega, donde se ubican países como Brasil, México, Argentina, Colombia, Perú y Chile, en el caso de América Latina.

Fuente de la imagen, Getty Images

Pie de foto,

Las nuevas tecnologías han hecho que sea menos atractivo para las empresas mantener cadenas de suministro grandes y complejas.

Y parece cada vez más probable, dice Shearing, que se produzca "una forma perversa de desglobalización", impulsada por políticas de gobiernos, donde el comercio y los flujos de capital terminen cayendo.

"Una de las lecciones clave de la historia es que ha sido la política, en lugar de la tecnología, lo que ha provocado que la globalización retroceda".

Un ejemplo actual es la guerra comercial entre Estados Unidos y China.

Aunque esta guerra, declarada por el presidente de Estados Unidos, Donald Trump, "no es en sí misma un gran problema", ya que el comercio entre las dos potencias representa solo el 3% del comercio mundial total, de todos modos es un señal.

"Es un síntoma de tensiones más fundamentales en la relación entre China y Occidente", apunta, considerando que el surgimiento de China como un competidor estratégico es un fenómeno que más tarde o más temprano traería consecuencias de gran envergadura.

"Existe el riesgo de que la guerra comercial sea el comienzo de una reacción más amplia contra la globalización que vaya más allá de Estados Unidos y China".

Eso se explicaría porque la globalización ha minado el poder de los gobiernos nacionales, argumenta Shearing, y ha sido culpada por la creciente desigualdad, la evasión fiscal multinacional y la migración no deseada.

¿Cómo sería esa desglobalización?

"Todavía no está claro que forma podría tomar", explica.

En un extremo, podríamos ver una forma leve de regionalización, donde la producción se organiza en torno en países vecinos, en lugar de globalizarse.

En el otro extremo, el mundo podría dividirse entre bloques competidores, como por ejemplo, uno liderado por EE.UU. y otro por China.

Fuente de la imagen, Getty Images

Pie de foto,

"Los efectos en la economía mundial serían negativos, pero manejables".

En cualquiera de los escenarios, dice, "los efectos en la economía mundial serían negativos, pero manejables".

Desde su perspectiva, un poco de regionalización no sería un gran problema porque ya existe mucho comercio entre países vecinos.

Sin embargo, el único escenario de desglobalización que Shearing considera preocupante, es que se produzca una "profunda división" entre los bloques económicos liderados por China y Estados Unidos.

"No veo probable que los flujos de comercio e inversión entre Occidente y China se agoten por completo, como si fuera una repetición de la Guerra Fría".

"Pero sí puede ocurrir que aumenten las restricciones al comercio en sectores y productos específicos", agrega.

"Si esto sucediera, veremos consecuencias negativas para el crecimiento económico mundial, además de los efectos en la estabilidad geopolítica".

Ahora puedes recibir notificaciones de BBC Mundo. Descarga la nueva versión de nuestra app y actívalas para no perderte nuestro mejor contenido.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Llegó el fin de la globalización" - BBC News Mundo

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Cecilia Barría BBC News Mundo Neil Shearing, economista jefe de la consultora internacional Capital Economics, con sede central en Londres, Reino Unido, advierte que se aproxima el fin de una era. "La globalización llegó a su punto máximo", dice Shearing en conversación con BBC Mundo.

# data[].attributes.body
about 1,606 km of forest destroyed by   fire in Brazil

Until tomorrow it was announced that about 1,606 km of forest had been destroyed by the flames, equivalent to five times the size of the beautiful horizon, and in addition to being the highest rate in 10 years.
With 1,606 km of forest destroyed, August was the fifth month this year in which deforestation reached the worst scenario since 2012. March, April, May and July also had the largest area devastated in ten years, indicating that the measures taken to combat logging have not managed to stop environmental damage, it should also be noted that since January it is also the worst record of the decade with 7,715 damaged land

https://www.telesurtv.net/news/brasil-reporta-bosque-amazonia-destruido-20210920-0033.html

# data[].attributes.body
The export and price of Chilean wine shows a recovery.

The aforementioned is verified by the monthly report, corresponding to the month of June 2021, which is 4.7 million bottled wine. Representing an increase of 6.5% and 24.6% in terms of value.
The sale has increased in the countries of France, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, China, Brazil and in the first place South Korea.
The price segment has been really flattering for the Chilean wine industry, since unlike the previous year. Being the place where the product is worth the most is China

# data[].attributes.body
They find the bodies of the passengers of the missing plane in eastern Russia
the governor of kamchatka, vladimir solodov reported this wednesday, july 7, the bodies of the passengers of the totally destroyed an-26 plane have been found.
they are beginning to withdraw bodies from the water. and the Kamchatka emergency service notified that there are 28 passengers on board in this Russian peninsula. and the Russian government announced a 3-day duel throughout the region.
however the weather conditions were not the best for that time.source:https://www.latercera.com/mundo/noticia/hallan-los-cuerpos-de-los-pasajeros-del-avion-desaparecido-en-el-este-de-rusia/3LVNTE2AFJFFNPU3HPZHMCALLA/

# data[].attributes.body
Argentine President Alberto Fernández turned to the musical genre of Patti Smith and the Ramones to explain an inflation that this year could exceed 50 %.The president explained that Argentina, after years of uncontrolled prices, had built a thought so obsessed by inflation that it had become a self-perpetuating vicious cycle. "We increased (prices) just in case," he added.
https://www.americaeconomia.com/economia-mercados/finanzas/la-inflacion-en-argentina-se-dispara-ante-un-incierto-futuro-y-este-ano

# data[].attributes.body
Pamela almonacid
Finland depends on imports and exports for raw materials, energy, and some components for manufactured products. The success was resounding and Finland knew how to benefit from globalization, the development of the human aspect in a technological society and the implementation of innovation in matters of government and life, in addition to that As a member of the European Union, Finland is a beneficiary of the treaties of EU free trade with MERCOSUR, Algeria, India, Mexico, Chile, Andean Community, Central America, South Korea, Gulf Cooperation Council, European Free Trade Association, Ivory Coast, CARIFORUM, Egypt etc.

http://www.izenpe.eus/s15-4812/es/contenidos/informacion/red_eures/es_def/adjuntos/finlandia_mercado_trabajo.pdf

https://www.thetechnolawgist.com/2019/11/21/finlandia-un-referente-en-innovacion-en-el-que-mirarse/

# data[].attributes.body
Globalization in the South Korean economy
According to a survey conducted by economists from the Korea Development Institute (KDI), the South Korean economy is expected to grow by 2.1% during 2020. Thanks to large multinationals and free trade agreements. However, this forecast does not fully reflect the economic impact of the coronavirus.
Regarding exports and imports, the KDI survey predicts that they will grow by 2.1% this year and 3.5% next year. The trade war between the United States and China had a direct impact on South Korea's exports, which fell 10.3% year-on-year in 2019, to $
542.4 billion
https://www.icex.es/icex/es/navegacion-principal/todos-nuestros-servicios/informacion-de-mercados/paises/navegacion-principal/noticias/economia-corea-del-sur-2020-new2020845258.html?idPais=KR

# data[].attributes.body
 The good Canadian friend
Since Justin Trudeau took office as prime minister 23 months ago, Canada has been making more headlines in the international media. Trudeau's progressive agenda on social issues is evoked, the country is cited as a seductive tourist and university destination and, likewise, reference is made to its economic progress, the importance of global warming, pollution and its commitment to free trade.
"Canada is an example of a country that is adopting good measures in order to break the spiral of weak economic growth.
 This has created a market opportunity in all sectors. 99% of tariffs will be eliminated. This will provide access to a whole range of goods and services," says Ailish Campbell.

https://elpais.com/economia/2017/09/29/actualidad/1506703845_825979.html

# data[].attributes.body
Hong Kong warns of risk of "explosive" coronavirus outbreak

Hong Kong health authorities have warned on Saturday that there is a risk of coronavirus causing an "explosive" resurgence after the increase of infections detected in the last two days. Specifically, they have reported 101 new cases confirmed in the last 24 hours, 92 of which correspond to community infections and 29 of which could not be traced, according to the Hong Kong public television, RTHK.
A spokesman for the Hong Kong Health and Protection Centre, Albert Au, has expressed concern about the increase in cases, particularly those that have not been traced. "It means there are a lot of silent contagions in various parts of Hong Kong," he has warned. "If the situation continues like this we could be facing explosive outbreaks in the near future," he said.
On the other hand, the authorities have announced the suspension of trains on Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve to avoid the risk of contagion on those dates.

# data[].attributes.body
Colombia sends first container of beef to Macao

The Ministry of Agriculture confirmed this Friday that the first shipment of bovine meat left the national territory to Macao, in the People's Republic of China, the first Asian region to receive meat of Colombian origin.

“The livestock sector is of enormous importance not only within the agro-industrial fabric of our country, but also in the non-traditional agro-export basket. So far this year we have opened the markets of Qatar and Macao, and I am deeply pleased with this news, which supports that we are going in the right direction, opening markets and taking advantage of them, ”said Minister Rodolfo Zea Navarro.

https://www.semana.com/economia/capsulas/articulo/colombia-envia-primer-contenedor-de-carne-bovina-hacia-macao/202100/

# data[].attributes.body
From this week, Peruvian distributors will be able to export their products to Colombia in a faster, safer way and generating greater savings, reported the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism (Mincetur).
This is possible thanks to the beginning of the exchange of digital certificates of origin with Colombia, through the interoperability platform of the Single Window of Foreign Trade (Vuce).

# data[].attributes.body
Saudi Arabia's New Golden Age

Saudi Arabia has become one of the most economically successful countries in
the last few years due to globalization. The sustained increase in the price of oil and the export in abundance of liquidity
international free trade have ushered the Kingdom into its second golden age. one of the goals is sustainable economic growth to generate a multinational corporation.
However, a challenge persists at the local level, trying to combat the water shortage that affects workers,mainly coordination
between the sequence and speed of transition of reforms in the domestic sector of its
economy and the ups and downs of the global economy.

https://www.palermo.edu/economicas/cbrs/pdf/1Business02.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
"IMF sees Greek economy growing 3.3% in 2021"

The Greek economy should grow by 3.3% this year, fuelled by European imports and inversions. This factors with the pent-up consumer demand and an expected return of tourism would improve the globalization and the country´s capital

The IMF officials praised Greece’s “swift and proactive” response to the COVID crisis, which saw the government spend 24 billion euros last year and earmark a further 11.6 billion euros this year to support jobs hit by the pandemic.

But it was said the outlook was clouded by uncertainties and much would depend on factors including how the pandemic developed and its impact on banks’ bad debt holdings as well as how successfully EU funds were absorbed.

# data[].attributes.body
Australia proposes an integration strategy in high value-added sectors

The result of an Australian strategy in 2020, which revitalized both the exchange between Australia and Argentina, will promote the areas of agribusiness, software development, mining and education, in an integration that would allow mutual access to the South American and Southeast Asian markets.
Total imports and exports in 2020 reached US $ 720 million, and with Argentina for US $ 553 million mainly in pick-ups, implying that in this era of globalization Australia has a very solid economy, which encourages competitiveness, and that it has free trade agreements to promote and develop with a very entrepreneurial spirit ,in addition to having several multinational corporations that support him in this.

https://www.grupolaprovincia.com/economia/australia-propone-una-estrategia-de-integracion-en-sectores-de-alto-valor-agregado-741875

# data[].attributes.body
Economy in japan
cooperation between government and industry, the japanese custom of hard work,and mastery of technology have led japan to the economic success it enjoy today in less than half a century the strategic sectors of the japanese ecnomy are manufactured products and technology, especially vehivcles,electronics and the steel industry. However, agriculture in japan is quite inefficient, by todays standards
and recesives many subsidies from the state. The finance sector is developing a lot today due in large part to its currency,the yen, which is the third most traded after the US dollar and the euro
After 40 year constant economic growth

# data[].attributes.body
'' Spain joins the European fight against deforestation ''

The Government of Spain, which shares the principles of reducing global deforestation due to the impacts it generates on biodiversity loss and climate change, promoting sustainability at source and achieving deforestation-free supply chains, In this way, their commitment in the fight against deforestation.What deforestation produces is to make us more vulnerable to climate change, there is a shortage of water, pollution since in some places instead of cutting trees they burn them which causes said pollution, Spain it has great tropical impacts with deforestation.

# data[].attributes.body
Indonesian palm oil worries Swiss environmentalists

A vote is scheduled for March 7 to make a free trade agreement with Switzerland, since it has generated a great controversy.
The free trade agreement aims to drastically reduce tariffs for the Swiss export industry. In return, Indonesia will benefit from duty-free access to industrial products on the Swiss market and will obtain concessions on certain agricultural products, notably palm oil.
The adversaries of the agreement criticize globalization, excessive trade, pollution and at the same time denounce the exploitation of Indonesian indigenous population but supporters argue that the trade agreement offers potential benefits for Swiss companies in Indonesia

https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/el-aceite-de-palma-de-indonesia-preocupa-a-los-ecologistas-suizos/46334940

# data[].attributes.body
Today the coronavirus is the protagonist of today and is putting the world economy in check. It is the common enemy to beat, Paradoxically, globalization has become the best ally of the coronavirus, The first decisions have been the cancellation of trade routes, international events, the confinement of millions of people in their homes. Basically restricting the free movement of people, This virus has highlighted the vulnerability of humanity. Vulnerability in health services, vulnerability in global free trade, thanks to COVID, global warming has stopped a bit, the export of products has stopped for a while and imports have also stopped.

https://www.elsoldemexico.com.mx/analisis/confinamiento-en-tiempos-de-globalizacion-5860902.html

# data[].attributes.body
Abu Dhabi creates the grand alliance to become a hydrogen exporter.

Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, has agreed to a deal to produce and export hydrogen for fuel, its state media office announced on Sunday.
So-called green hydrogen, created by diving water into its two components see as a fuel of the future to reduce corbon emissions from fossiel fuels.  (= - pollution)
Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), abu Dhabi state investor Mubadala and state company ADQ have signed a memorandum of understanding to establish the  Abu Dhabi Hydrogen Alliance, the statement said.
The plan is to produce both green hydrogen and blu hydrogen, which is produced from natural gas, for export to emerging international markets.
"Forming the Abu Dhabi Hydrogen Alliance is a imperative that will deepen the hydrogen energy economy in the UAE, thus meeting the growing global demand fot hydrogen araund the world" said Mohamend Hassan.

https://elperiodicodelaenergia.com/abu-dabi-crea-la-gran-alianza-para-convertirse-en-exportador-de-hidrogeno/

# data[].attributes.body
"Dr. Mahathir Advocates a Globalization with a social dimension"

GENEVA (ILO News) - Malaysian Prime Minister Dr. Mahathir Bin Mohamad spoke at the International Labor Conference on Tuesday in favor of "globalization with a social dimension" and opposed the behavior of the former powers. colonial and multinational companies.

In Dr. Mahathir's view, globalization is not "the panacea against all the world's social ills", nor should it "be interpreted merely and exclusively as the free movement of capital."
“Globalization, as he said, must favor the whole world and benefit both the capitalist sector and the workers and governments. Globalization must be planned, and this with great care. (...) If capital flows can freely cross borders, workers must be given the same opportunity. If the latter are denied such mobility, then the flow of capital must also be stopped. If one of these factors is regulated, the other must be regulated as well. "
Rich countries, the prime minister said, have not given up since the end of colonization in their efforts to "subject the newly independent countries to their influence" and establish their hegemony over them by linking their aid to "increasingly numerous needs." and pressing ". . After making use of international institutions and, later, non-governmental organizations, "powerful countries have invented pretexts to intervene directly, assuming" responsibility for the well-being of the planet's inhabitants "and even deciding that liberal democracy is the only option, politics.

# data[].attributes.body
"The end of globalization has come"
Neil Shearing, chief economist at London-based international consultancy Capital Economics, warns that the end of an era is approaching.
Now there is the risk that the world begins to de-globalize in the coming years , a phenomenon that would have great effects on the world economy and financial markets.

The position of the expert and the macroeconomic and financial research center where he works is that the current wave of globalization (which began after the fall of the Berlin Wall) hit a wall, long before the start of the trade war between the United States and China.
What will happen in itself is that the United Kingdom will not be able to import and less export products from other countries, which can lead to other countries in poor resources.

https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-50176780

# data[].attributes.body
"Representation of climate change in the Russian media"

- Our world has changed rapidly over the past two decades. Processes such as globalization and internalization are the key factors that contribute to this development. As a result, the existing problems of our planet have worsened and many more appeared. As a result, researchers around the world have begun to predict the future of our planet and the topic of climate change has become an increasingly prominent topic in the media.

- Russia is an interesting case since the main feature of Russian journalism is a daily representation of economic and political events, while almost no attention is paid to the propaganda of "saving the planet", unlike other countries such as Finland, Sweden, Norway , UK. Every day, Russians read detailed articles about the activities of the president and prime minister, about the decisions of Parliament and deputies. But there is very little information in the Russian media about existing environmental problems.

- The research data is collected from six popular Russian newspapers, specifically their online versions. The main findings of this study show that, in general, the issue of climate change is present on the Russian agenda. However, the concern of Russian newspapers about the problem of global warming has diminished in 2009-2013. Analysis of the media discourse has shown that in 2013 Russian newspapers mainly focused on economic and political issues, strongly highlighting the role of Vladimir Putin in the everyday news. At the same time, journalists paid much less attention to issues related to social and environmental issues. Russia's involvement in setting the climate change agenda is presented in a less developed way. Regardless, journalists emphasize Russian inactivity in ecological safety commitments.

URL: https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/137619

# data[].attributes.body
Corona virus in port of china

A new corona virus outbreak is detected in the ports of china, for the good of employees and people, trips and exports by ship will be stopped until further notice, this affecting the due economy of the countries and free trade, exports and imports will be they have been stopped by sea due to this, the unempolyment can continue until christmas, what can affect your las minute christmas purchases this year, the rates may also be affected due to this inconvenience, the outbreak can be quite problematic due to its contagion is it is not know until when the departures will resume but it is known that it may be a long time, the triphas could also be affected.

https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2021/06/18/retraso-puertos-china-compras-navidenas-trax/

# data[].attributes.body
1. Read and research news from the country assigned.
2. Pick one news that is interesting for you.
3. Summarize the news no more than 20 lines. Include vocabulary studied in the Unit Globalization (last least 5 terms).
4. Add a picture.
5. Add a location (link on the map)/Add the source of the news.