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Sound represented by letters

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It’s digraphs and your trigraphs -combines pure sounds

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Being able to put the sounds together

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Combination of pure sounds to create a new sound

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A system of teaching children to read phonetically.

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A structured teaching system which teaches letters and sounds in a specific order

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Watch Ruth Miskin give her top tips

1. Saying sounds correctly

This is really important when you are helping your child to learn the sounds. Just remember not to add an uh to the end of the consonant sounds - so say mmm not muh, lll not luh, etc. because then later it's easier to blend the sounds together to make words.

If you're not sure then use our sound chart to hear how to say each sound.

2. Linking sounds to letters

Encourage your child to make a link between the sound and the written letter shape. Start with the sounds in your child's name and then look out for them in signs. The sound m in McDonalds is always a good starting point too!

3. Sounds represented by more than one letter

Some sounds are represented by more than one letter such as sh in ship, ch in chat, th in thin, qu in quick and ng in sing. When you're out and about point out examples of these to your child too. You might see them in posters, signs, or leaflets.

4. Practise, practise, practise

Build up a knowledge of the letters and sounds quite quickly with your child and keep practising so that it becomes automatic. Keep reminding 'Do you remember when we were talking about the sound ch...?', or 'Oh look! There's a big t (sound) on that poster!'.

5. Putting sounds together to read simple words

Say the sounds c-a-t to read cat, sh-o-p to read shop and s-t-r-ee-t to read street. If your child gets stuck and is struggling to blend the sounds, say the sounds yourself, quickly, until your child can hear the word!

Only beginner readers need to sound out every word as they read all the time. But, they will still need to work out new and long words.

6. Tricky words

Some everyday words in English have tricky spellings and can't be read by blending. Imagine trying to read the word said or does by blending each letter! These are sometimes called high frequency tricky words, or Red words. These words just have to be learned by sight and flashcard-type games are a good way to practise these.

7. Reading books

Schools using a synthetic phonics scheme are likely to be sending home decodable books. This means the books contain mostly words that children can read by sounding out to get them off to a good start with independent reading. After your child has read a page, you can read it aloud again, to make sure that the story is enjoyed and understood.

8. Using pictures

Pictures are great for sharing and talking about a story (which is really important too!) but don't encourage your child to use pictures to guess the words that they don't already know.

9. Writing letters

Teach your child how to write the letters as the letter sounds are learned. And don't forget to show your child how to hold the pencil correctly too!

10. Common sense ...

Lots and lots of books! Carry on sharing and reading lots and lots of stories and information books to and with your child.

Praise and hugs! Most importantly, remember that your child will learn much faster with encouragement, praise and hugs.

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Watch Ruth Miskin give her top tips 1. Saying sounds correctly This is really important when you are helping your child to learn the sounds. Just remember not to add an uh to the end of the consonant sounds - so say mmm not muh, lll not luh, etc.

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Refers to jolly phonics , rwi , letters and sounds - a way of teaching phonics.

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A scheme that teaches phonoligical awareness

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Pure sounds

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An awareness of sound

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Awareness of sounds

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Being able to identify sounds that make up a word.

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Being able to identify sounds that make up a word.

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An ability to identify, recognise and associate the sounds that letters make.

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An awareness of letter sounds and how they are used to spell

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Understanding what a sound is and what it does.

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An ability to identify sounds.

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Understanding how words are segmented into sounds and blended to make words

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Knowing what sounds are

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An awareness of letter sounds, and how they are used to spell.

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Pronounce words correctly.

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Ability to hear sounds

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The knowledge of different sounds and the ability to process them and use them to read/spell.

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Being able to recognize the sounds that make up words or that sounds can make words

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Knowledge of sounds, how to identify and apply them

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Being able to recognise sounds.

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Knowledge of sounds

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The sounds that make up a word.

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An ability to hear sounds in words and know how they are represented as graphemes.

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The awareness of sounds

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The ability read, and spell

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An awareness of sounds and linking sounds to letters

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Being aware of the structure of words

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What is phonological awareness

To understand the different sounds that make up a word. This aids early reading, decoding and spelling. Sounds are made up of digraph and trigraphs etc

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Knowledge of the sounds

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Being able to understand and recognise root words, prefix and suffix.