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Furuncles (boils) are skin abscesses caused by staphylococcal infection, which involve a hair follicle and surrounding tissue

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a common skin disease. It often begins with a tendency to blush or flush more easily than other people. The redness can slowly spread beyond the nose and cheeks to the forehead and chin. Even the ears, chest, and back can be red all the time. Rosacea can cause more than redness

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Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition caused by an overactive immune system. Symptoms include flaking, inflammation, and thick, white, silvery, or red patches of skin. Psoriasis treatments include steroid creams, occlusion, light therapy and oral medications, such as biologics.

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Hematomas near the skin result in a large patch of skindiscoloration (typically black and blue) that occurs after trauma to the soft tissue. A bruise develops when small blood vessels beneath the skin rupture and blood leaks into the soft tissue beneath the skin.

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Ecchymosis is the medical term for the common bruise. Most bruises form when blood vessels near the surface of the skin are damaged, usually by impact from an injury. The force of the impact causes your blood vessels to burst open and leak blood

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Bruises (contusions) occur when small blood vessels under the skin tear or rupture, most often from a twist, bump, or fall. Blood leaks into tissues under theskin and causes a black-and-blue colour that often turns purple, red, yellow, and green as the bruiseheals

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Albinism is a rare group of genetic disorders that cause the skin, hair, or eyes to have little or no color. Albinism is also associated with vision problems. According to the National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation, about 1 in 18,000 to 20,000 people in the United States have a form ofalbinism.

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Nail biting can be a temporary, relatively nondestructive behavior that is merely a cosmetic concern, but it can also develop into a severe, long-term problem. Onychophagia, or onychophagy, is considered a pathological oral habit and grooming disorder characterized by chronic, seemingly uncontrollable nail biting that is destructive to fingernails and surrounding tissue.

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also known as tinea unguium, is a fungal infection of the nail. Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. Toenails or fingernails may be affected, but it is more common for toenails to be affected

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Ingrown toenail (onychocryptosis) is a fairly frequent problem resulting from either growth of nail fold inwards into the nail bed or abnormal embedding of the nail plate into the nail groove, causing significant discomfort.

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also known as spot baldness, is a condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body. Often it results in a few bald spots on the scalp, each about the size of a coin. Psychological stress may result. People are generally otherwise healthy.

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is excessive body hair in men and women on parts of the body where hair is normally absent or minimal, such as on the chin, chest, face or body.

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A skin wheal is a patch on the skin that is elevated, discolored, changes shape, and often itches. It can be due to an insect bite, an adverse reaction to something that touched your skin, eczema, or another small puncture wound you experienced. You may have also heard a skin wheal referred to as a 'welt' or a 'hive.

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Warts and verrucas

Warts and verrucas are small lumps on the skin that most people have at some point in their life. They usually go away on their own but may take months or even years.

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Scales occur when the outermost layer of the epidermis becomes dry and flaky and peels. The excess of dead skin cells results in the appearance of scaly skin. Scales can be very thin and fine, as with pityriasis rosea, or thick, as with psoriasis.

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Plaque psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition. It appears on the skin in patches of thick, red, scalyskin. According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, plaquepsoriasis is the most common form of psoriasis.

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A papule is an area of abnormal skin tissue that is less than 1 centimeter around. A papule has distinct borders, and it can appear in a variety of shapes.Papules are often called skin lesions, which are essentially changes in the color or texture of yourskin. Sometimes, papules cluster together to form a rash.

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Lipoma or dermatofibroma are common causes ofnodules on the skin. ... They are firm mobile cysts, usually skin coloured or yellow/white with a central punctum. They are usually found as a painless lump. The appearance of many nodules under the skincould indicate neurofibromatosis

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A macule is a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 centimeter (cm) wide. It doesn't involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin. ... Certain conditions such as vitiligo are characterized by white or lighter macules or patches on the skin

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A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal growth or appearance compared to the skin around it. ... For example, if someone scratches a mole until it bleeds, the resulting lesion, a crust, is now a secondary skin lesion.

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A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal growth or appearance compared to the skin around it. Two categories of skin lesions exist: primary and secondary. ... Secondary skin lesions are the result of irritated or manipulated primary skin lesions

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either of two types of secretory skin glands occurring only in mammals. The eccrine sweat gland, which is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, regulates body temperature. When internal temperature rises, the eccrine glands secrete water to the skin surface, where heat is removed by evaporation.

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It encourages healthy skin cell production. Retinal, retinol and retinoic acid are important to cell production and growth. Vitamin A also stimulates fibroblasts—the cells responsible for developing tissue that keeps skin firm and healthy—in the deep layers of your skin

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Collagen is the most plentiful protein in the skin, making up 75-80% of your skin. ... Keratin: Keratin is the main protein in your skin, and makes up hair, nails, and the surface layer of the skin. Keratin is what forms the rigidity of your skinand helps with the barrier protection that your skin offers

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The upper or outer layer of the two main layers of cells that make up the skin. The epidermis is mostly made up of flat, scale-like cells called squamous cells. Under the squamous cells are round cells called basal cells. The deepest part of the epidermis also contains melanocytes. These cells producemelanin , which gives the skin its color.

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also called corium, the thicker, deeper layer of the skin underlying the epidermis and made up of connective tissue. It is present in varying degrees of development among various vertebrate groups, being relatively thin and simple in aquatic animals and progressively thicker and more complex in terrestrial species

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In arthropods, the hypodermis is an epidermal layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle. The term also refers to a layer of cells lying immediately below the epidermis of plants. The hypodermis is beneath dermis which is beneath epidermis. It is used mainly for fat storage

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Collagen is the most abundant protein in the body, and gives structure to your skin, bones, muscles, and all other connective tissue. ... Taking collagen orally can improve skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, and increase skin moisture.

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In its active form as calcitriol, vitamin D contributes toskin cell growth, repair, and metabolism. It optimizes theskin's immune system and helps destroy free radicals that can cause premature aging. While the body can produce vitamin D on its own through sun exposure, too much sun accelerates skin aging