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history of australian music culture

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The History Of Australian MusicApproximately 60,000 years ago, the first creation of Australian music was acknowledged.Past and present ceremonies of both Abor...

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here is a guide which show how their business manners are

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here is a guide which show how their business manners are

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Business Culture and Etiquette in Australia | Today Translations

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Why is Australia a perfect place for business? What can be said if you visit Australia? What should you do when you go there? We have put together a guide:

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The simple dot style as well as cross hatching maybe beautifully aesthetic to the eye but has a far more hidden meaning and deeper purpose; to disguise the sacred meanings behind the stories in the paintings.

Before Indigenous Australian art was ever put onto canvas the Aboriginal people would smooth over the soil to draw sacred designs which belonged to that particular ceremony.

Body paint was also applied which held meanings connected to sacred rituals. These designs were outlined with circles and encircled with dots.

Uninitiated people never got to see these sacred designs since the soil would be smoothed over again and painted bodies would be washed. This was not possible with paintings.

Aboriginal artists abstracted their paintings to disguise the sacred designs so the real meanings could not be understood by Westerners.

Dot painting originated 40 years ago back in 1971. Geoffrey Bardon was assigned as an art teacher for the children of the Aboriginal people in Papunya, near Alice Springs. He noticed whilst the Aboriginal men were telling stories they would draw symbols in the sand.

Bardon encouraged his students to paint a mural based on traditional dreamings on the school walls. The murals sparked incredible interest in the community. He incited them to paint the stories onto canvas and board. Soon many of the men began painting as well.

At first they used cardboard or pieces of wood, which was later replaced by canvas.

This began the famous Papunya Tula Art Movement.

Bardon helped the Aboriginal artists transfer depictions of their stories from desert sand to paint on canvas.

The Aboriginal artists soon became concerned that the sacred-secret objects they painted were being seen not only by Westerners, but Aboriginal people from different regions that were not privy to their tribal stories.

They did not want them to understand or learn the sacred, restricted parts of their stories so the artists decided to eliminate the sacred elements and abstracted the designs into dots to conceal their sacred meanings.

Early Papunya paintings showed strong representations of artefacts, ritual objects and spiritual ceremonies. This style disappeared within a few years.

The first paintings to come from the Papunya Tula School of Painters were never intended to be sold. They were purely created by the Aboriginal people who were displaced, and living a long way from their original home country.

The works were visual reminders of their own being. They painted land that they belonged to and the stories that are associated with those sites. In essence they were painting their identity onto the boards, as a visual assertion of their identity and origins.

Originally colours were restricted to variations of red, yellow, black and white produced from ochre, charcoal and pipe clay. Later acrylic mediums were introduced allowing for more vivid colourful paintings.

These art works could show dots, cross hatching, maps of circles, spirals, lines and dashes which is the long established pictorial language of Western Desert Aboriginal People.

Aboriginal artworks painted in acrylic are a beautiful blend of traditional and contemporary. The dot technique gives the painting an almost 3D effect and a sense of movement and rhythm.

Many people comment that the paintings look alive and that they literally seem to jump out at you. The flat canvas comes to life with energy and vivacity just like the dreamings and rituals that inspired them.

Back to Dreamtime Art Library

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There is an amazing story behind the story of Aboriginal dot painting. Tap to discover how the last great art movement was accidently born from secrecy.

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the buisness manners are really important on how to thrive iin Australia on making money, also how the manners will show how the country is well organize, which is a economic first impression to the global world

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In conclusion, Bush tucker is also one of the element that keeps aboriginal culture alive by adding them into modern society. Foods are really remarkle element in a person's life which would made people remember the culutre

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these character really have a huge impact on Australia because that Australia is not well known country at first but after these influential people, Australian became globalized and well known

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hip hop is one of the trending music type globally in recent years, Australia is still in a develop stage for hip-hop , Australia hip-hop could become a popular element one day if they manage it well, this could effect how other places artist look at Australian artist.

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Stereotypes of Australian are mostly unreliable, but it actually still have a impact on reflecting Australia in different ways, having stereotypes can still have positive effect on the culture

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in my opinion, a open and free religion society is a better way to keep every culture alive, because of the diverse religion they have contribute to even have more contact to the globalized world, these religion also brings a lot of culture into Australia that could have impact on the country

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pop music culture in Australia is quite develop already, this type of culture nowadays makes a country famous or popular because of music. Australia could still aims for a bigger market with globalization instead of only citizens would enjoy.

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the ingenious art culture, is important in Australia. In Australia it still have a big effect to makes people remember the ingenious culture, and learning them from art

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the modern food made Australia unique by the diversity on the way they create different kind of dishes.

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the most popular sport in Australia is cricket, Australian cricket takes Australian sports to world stage , the world sees Australian's sporting ability by Olympics and different torments and cricket is one of the most important one

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Stephen Robert Irwin (22 February 1962 - 4 September 2006), known as " The Crocodile Hunter", was an Australian zookeeper, conservationist, television personality, wildlife educator, and environmentalist.

Irwin grew up around crocodiles and other reptiles and was educated regarding them by his father Bob. He achieved international fame from the television series The Crocodile Hunter (1996-2007), an internationally broadcast wildlife documentary series that he co-hosted with his wife Terri. The couple also hosted the series (1999-2001), The Crocodile Hunter Diaries (2002-2006), and New Breed Vets (2005). They also co-owned and operated Australia Zoo, founded by Irwin's parents in Beerwah, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of the Queensland state capital of Brisbane. They had two children, Bindi and Robert.

In 2006, while filming a documentary in Australia's Great Barrier Reef, Irwin died from an injury caused by a stingray. His death became international news and was met with expressions of shock and grief by fans, the media, governments, and non-profit organizations. Numerous parks, zoos, streets, the vessel MY Steve Irwin, the snail species Crikey steveirwini, and the asteroid 57567 Crikey have been named in his honour. The Irwin family continues to operate Australia Zoo.

Stephen Robert Irwin was born on his mother's 20th birthday to Lynette "Lyn" Hakainsson (1942-2000) and Bob Irwin in Upper Ferntree Gully, a suburb of Melbourne. His parents were both of English and Irish descent, with some Swedish on his mother's side. His great-great-grandfather Joseph Irwin from Dublin settled in Tasmania, Australia in the 1870s. He has 2 sisters named Joy and Mandy. He moved with his parents as a child to Queensland in 1970, where he attended Landsborough State School and Caloundra State High School. Irwin described his father as a wildlife expert interested in herpetology, while his mother Lyn was a wildlife rehabilitator. After moving to Queensland, Bob and Lyn Irwin started the small Queensland Reptile and Fauna Park, where Steve grew up around crocodiles and other reptiles.

Irwin became involved with the park in a number of ways, including taking part in daily animal feeding, as well as care and maintenance activities. On his sixth birthday, he was given a 12-foot (4 m) scrub python. He began handling crocodiles at the age of nine after his father had educated him on reptiles from an early age. Also at age nine, he wrestled his first crocodile, again under his father's supervision. He worked as a volunteer for Queensland's East Coast Crocodile Management program and captured over 100 crocodiles, some of which were relocated, while others were housed at the family park. Irwin took over the management of the park in 1991 and renamed it Australia Zoo in 1998.

The Crocodile Hunter and related work

Irwin and Terri with Wes Mannion, the other cast member of The Crocodile Hunter.

Steve and his wife Terri spent their honeymoon trapping crocodiles together. Film footage of their honeymoon, taken by John Stainton, became the first episode of The Crocodile Hunter. The series debuted on Australian TV screens in 1996 and made its way onto North American television the following year. The Crocodile Hunter became successful in the United States, the UK, and over 130 other countries, reaching 500 million people. Irwin's exuberant and enthusiastic presenting style, broad Australian accent, signature khaki shorts, and catchphrase 'Crikey!' became known internationally. Sir David Attenborough praised Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying 'He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was. He was a born communicator'.

American satellite and cable television channel Animal Planet ended The Crocodile Hunter with a series finale titled 'Steve's Last Adventure'. The last Crocodile Hunter documentary spanned three hours with footage of Irwin's across-the-world adventure in locations including the Himalayas, the Yangtze River, Borneo, and the Kruger National Park.

After The Crocodile Hunter, Irwin went on to star in other Animal Planet documentaries, including , The Crocodile Hunter Diaries and New Breed Vets. Animal Planet also created the annual Croc Week marathon, which lasted a full week in the middle of June, every year from 2000 to 2007. During a January 2006 interview on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Irwin announced that Discovery Kids would be developing a show for his daughter, Bindi Sue Irwin - a plan realized after his death as the series Bindi the Jungle Girl.

Irwin in 2000

In 1998, Irwin continued his television career, working with director Mark Strickson to present The Ten Deadliest Snakes in the World. He appeared on several episodes of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. A 2000 FedEx commercial with Irwin lightheartedly dealt with the possibility of occupational death from snakebite and the fanciful notion that FedEx would have saved him, if only FedEx were used.

Under Irwin's leadership, the operations grew to include the zoo, the television series, the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation (later renamed Wildlife Warriors), and the International Crocodile Rescue. Improvements to the Australia Zoo include the Animal Planet Crocoseum, the rainforest aviary and Tiger Temple. Irwin mentioned that he was considering opening an Australia Zoo in Las Vegas, Nevada, and possibly at other sites around the world.

In 2001, Irwin appeared in a cameo role in the Eddie Murphy film Dr. Dolittle 2, in which an alligator warns Dolittle that he knows Irwin is going to grab him and is prepared to attack when he does, but Dolittle fails to warn Irwin in time. Irwin's only starring feature film role was in 2002's The Crocodile Hunter: Collision Course, which was released to mixed reviews. In the film, Irwin (who portrayed himself and performed numerous stunts) mistakes some CIA agents for poachers. He sets out to stop them from capturing a crocodile, which, unknown to him, has actually swallowed a tracking transmitter. The film won the Best Family Feature Film award for a comedy film at the Young Artist Awards. The film was produced on a budget of about US$12 million, and has grossed $33 million. To promote the film, Irwin was featured in an animated short produced by Animax Entertainment for Intermix.

In 2002, Irwin and his family appeared in the Wiggles video/DVD release Wiggly Safari, which was set in Australia Zoo and featured singing and dancing inspired by Australian wildlife. Irwin fronted an advertising campaign for The Ghan in 2003, a passenger train operating between Adelaide, Alice Springs, and Darwin. A Pacific National NR class locomotive was named Steve Irwin as part of the campaign.

Irwin died on 4 September 2006, after being pierced in the chest by a short-tail stingray barb while filming in the Great Barrier Reef with Philippe Cousteau Jr. The stinger penetrated his thoracic wall, causing massive trauma. He was at Batt Reef, near Port Douglas, Queensland, taking part in the production of the documentary series Ocean's Deadliest. Irwin's death is believed to be the only fatality from a stingray captured on video. His death was met with shock and grief by fans, the media, governments and non-profit organisations.

A private funeral service took place on 9 September 2006. Irwin was buried in a private ceremony at Australia Zoo later that same day. A public memorial service was held in Australia Zoo's 5,500-seat Crocoseum on 30 September 2006; this service was broadcast live and it is estimated to have been seen by over 300 million viewers.

Flowers left in Irwin's memory the day after his death

Irwin feeding a crocodile at Australia Zoo in 2005

Irwin was a passionate conservationist and believed in promoting environmentalism by sharing his excitement about the natural world rather than preaching to people. He was concerned with conservation of endangered animals and land clearing leading to loss of habitat. He considered conservation to be the most important part of his work: 'I consider myself a wildlife warrior. My mission is to save the world's endangered species'. Irwin bought 'large tracts of land' in Australia, Vanuatu, Fiji, and the United States, which he described as 'like national parks' and stressed the importance of people realising that they could each make a difference.

Irwin founded the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation, which became an independent charity and was later renamed ' Wildlife Warriors Worldwide'. He also helped found International Crocodile Rescue, the Lyn Irwin Memorial Fund (named in memory of his mother, who died in an automobile crash in 2000), and the Iron Bark Station Wildlife Rehabilitation Facility.

Irwin urged people to take part in considerate tourism and not support illegal poaching through the purchase of items such as turtle shells or shark-fin soup.

Sir David Attenborough was an inspiration to Irwin, according to his widow. When presenting a Lifetime Achievement Award to Attenborough after Irwin's death at the British National Television Awards on 31 October 2006, Terri Irwin said, 'If there's one person who directly inspired my husband it's the person being honoured tonight.... [Steve's] real, true love was conservation - and the influence of tonight's recipient in preserving the natural world has been immense'. Attenborough reciprocated by praising Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying, 'He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was[;] he was a born communicator'.

Irwin loved mixed martial arts competitions and trained with Greg Jackson in the fighting/grappling system of Gaidojutsu.

Like many Australians, he was an avid cricket fan. This was seen during his visit to Sri Lanka where he played cricket with some local children and said 'I love cricket' and 'It's a shame we have to go catch some snakes now'. This was seen during the Crocodile Hunter episode 'Island of the Snakes'.

Having grown up in Essendon, Irwin was a fan of the Essendon Bombers, an Australian rules football club in the Australian Football League. Irwin took part in an Australian Rules football promotion in Los Angeles as part of 'Australia Week' in early 2006. After his death, a picture of Irwin wearing a Bombers guernsey was shown by ESPN.com in their Bottom 10 ranking of the worst Division I FBS college football teams after Week 1 of the season in tribute to him.

Having lived in Queensland most of his life, Irwin was also a fan of rugby league. As a teenager, he played for the Caloundra Sharks as a second-rower, and as an adult he was known to be a passionate Brisbane Broncos fan and was involved with the club on several occasions. On one occasion after turning up to training he asked if he could tackle the largest player, Shane Webcke. Despite being thrown to the ground and looking like he'd been crushed he was jovial about the experience.

Irwin also supported rugby union, being a fan of the national team, the Wallabies. He once wore a Wallaby jersey during a demonstration at the zoo. A behind-the-scenes episode of The Crocodile Hunter showed Irwin and the crew finding a petrol station in a remote part of Namibia to watch the Wallabies defeat France in the 1999 Rugby World Cup Final.

Irwin was also a talented surfer.

A poster from Irwin's Quarantine Matters! campaign

Irwin was involved in several media campaigns. He enthusiastically joined with the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service to promote Australia's strict quarantine requirements, with advertisements and posters featuring slogans such as, 'Quarantine Matters! Don't muck with it'. His payments for these advertising campaigns were directed into his wildlife fund.

In 2004, Irwin was appointed ambassador for The Ghan, the passenger train running from Adelaide to Alice Springs in the central Australian outback, when the line was extended all the way to Darwin on the northern coast that year. For some time he was sponsored by Toyota.

Irwin was a keen promoter for Australian tourism in general and Queensland tourism in particular. In 2002, the Australia Zoo was voted Queensland's top tourist attraction. His immense popularity in the United States meant he often promoted Australia as a tourist destination there. As a part of the United States' 'Australia Week' celebrations in January 2006, Irwin appeared at UCLA's Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California.

In November 2003, Irwin was filming a documentary on sea lions off the coast of Baja California Peninsula in Mexico when he heard via his boat's radio that two scuba divers were reported missing in the area. Irwin and his entire crew suspended operations to aid in the search. His team's divers searched with the rescue divers, and Irwin used his vessel to patrol the waters around the island where the incident occurred, as well as using his satellite communications system to call in a rescue plane. On the second day of the search, kayakers found one of the divers, Scott Jones, perched on a narrow rock ledge jutting out from the side of a cliff. Irwin and a crew member escorted him to Irwin's boat. The other lost diver, Katie Vrooman, was found dead by a search plane later the same day not far from Jones' location.

In 1991, Irwin met Terri Raines, an American naturalist from Eugene, Oregon, who was visiting wildlife rehabilitation facilities in Australia and had decided to visit the zoo. According to the couple, it was love at first sight. Terri said at the time, 'I thought there was no one like this anywhere in the world. He sounded like an environmental Tarzan, a larger-than-life superhero guy'. They were engaged four months later and were married in Eugene on 4 June 1992. Together they had two children: a daughter, Bindi Sue Irwin (born 24 July 1998), and a son, Robert Clarence Irwin (born 1 December 2003). Bindi Sue is jointly named after two of Steve Irwin's favourite animals: Bindi, a saltwater crocodile, and Sui, a Staffordshire Bull Terrier. Robert is named after Irwin's father Bob and Terri's father Clarence.

Irwin once described his daughter Bindi as 'the reason [he] was put on the Earth'. His wife once said, 'The only thing that could ever keep him away from the animals he loves are the people he loves even more'. Although the Irwins were happily married, they did not wear wedding rings; they believed that in their line of work, wearing jewellery could pose a hazard to them or the animals. Irwin frequently said that if he was to be remembered for anything, he hoped that it would be for being a good father.

On 11 February 2000, Irwin's mother Lyn was killed in a car accident. In an online tribute, he called her 'the most beautiful, loving, nurturing, and caring person to have ever blessed this world'.

Irwin provided his voice for the 2006 animated film , as an elephant seal named Trev. The film was dedicated to Irwin, as he died during post-production. Another, previously incomplete scene, featuring Irwin providing the voice of an albatross and essentially playing himself, was restored to the DVD release.

In 2007, a special episode of The Crocodile Hunter was made in tribute to him; Crikey! What an Adventure: An Intimate Look at the Life of Steve Irwin. The documentary features archive footage from The Crocodile Hunter. Later that year, Bindi released the documentary My Daddy, the Crocodile Hunter in Irwin's memory. He appears in several episodes of Bindi the Jungle Girl via archive footage. Archive footage of him has also been used in the television series Crikey! It's the Irwins, which began airing in 2018.

Steve Irwin Day is an annual event on 15 November, honouring the life and legacy of Irwin. The date was chosen because it takes place on the birthday of one of Irwin's favourite animals, a tortoise from the Galápagos Islands. Events that take place include people raising money for Wildlife Warriors to help continue Irwin's conservation work, and employees at Australia Zoo wearing khaki uniforms in Irwin's memory.

Steve Irwin Memorial, Mooloolaba, Queensland

In 1997, while on a fishing trip on the coast of Queensland with his father, Irwin discovered a new species of turtle. Later given the honour of naming the newly discovered species, he named it Irwin's turtle (Elseya irwini) after his family. Another newly discovered Australian animal - a species of air-breathing land snail, Crikey steveirwini, was named after Irwin in 2009.

Irwin was awarded the Centenary Medal by the Australian government in 2001 for his 'service to global conservation and to Australian tourism'. In 2004, he was recognised as Tourism Export of the Year. He was also nominated in 2004 for Australian of the Year but it was awarded to Australian cricket captain Steve Waugh, while Irwin was named 2004 Queensland Australian of the Year. Shortly before his death, Irwin was to be named an adjunct professor at the University of Queensland's School of Integrative Biology. On 14 November 2007, Irwin was awarded the adjunct professorship posthumously. In 2007, Irwin was posthumously inducted into the Logie Hall of Fame.

In May 2007, the government of Rwanda announced that it would name a baby gorilla after Irwin as a tribute to his work in wildlife conservation. Also in 2007, the state government of Kerala, India named the Crocodile Rehabilitation and Research Centre at Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary in his honour; however, Terri objected that this action had been taken without her permission and asked the Kerala government in 2009 to stop using Irwin's name and images - a request with which the state government complied in mid-2009.

Irwin, after his death, was described by Mark Townend, CEO of RSPCA Queensland, as a 'modern-day Noah'. British naturalist David Bellamy lauded his skills as a natural historian and media performer. Canadian environmentalist David Suzuki paid tribute to Irwin, noting that '[h]umanity will not protect that which we fear or do not understand. Steve Irwin helped us understand those things that many people thought were a nuisance at best, a horror at worst. That made him a great educator and conservationist'.

After his death, the vessel MV Robert Hunter owned by the environmental action group Sea Shepherd Conservation Society was renamed MY Steve Irwin. Shortly before his death, Irwin had been investigating joining Sea Shepherd's 2007-2008 voyage to Antarctica to disrupt Japanese whaling activity. Following his death, the organisation suggested renaming their vessel, and this idea was endorsed by Terri. Regarding the ship and its new name, Terri said, 'If Steve were alive, he'd be aboard with them!'

Irwin was inducted in 2009 into the Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame, recognised for international entrepreneurship both in business and wildlife conservation, significantly contributing to Queensland and its international reputation and in 2015, Irwin was a posthumous recipient of the Queensland Greats Awards. In 2017 it was announced that Irwin would be posthumously honoured with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The star was unveiled on 26 April 2018. On 22 February 2019, the 57th anniversary of Irwin's birth, the search engine Google released a Google Doodle commemorating him, in the form of a slideshow.

In the years after his death, Irwin's likeness, catchphrases, mannerisms, and contributions have made Steve Irwin synonymous with Australia among both citizens and foreigners. His likeness has been used by the government of Queensland to promote tourism in the state with them regarding Australia Zoo as one of the states most iconic tourist destinations. His son Robert became a spokesperson for Queensland's tourism board in 2020.

In 2022, following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, many Australians voiced support for the nation's currency to feature Irwin instead of King Charles III, with two citizens filing separate petitions to gather support for the cause. When asked by the press on the matter, prime minister Anthony Albanese declined to take a position offering that it wasn't the right time to discuss who would be on the currency in the immediate wake of the Queen's death.

On 2 January 2004, Irwin carried his one-month-old son, Robert, in his arm while hand-feeding a chicken carcass to Murray, a 3.8-metre (12 ft 6 in) saltwater crocodile. The infant was close to the crocodile, and comparisons were made in the press to Michael Jackson dangling his son outside a German hotel window. In addition, some child welfare groups, animal rights groups, and some of Irwin's television viewers criticised his actions as irresponsible and tantamount to child abuse. Irwin apologised on the US NBC show . Both he and his wife publicly stated that Irwin was in complete control of the situation, as he had dealt with crocodiles since he was a small child, and based on his lifetime of experience neither he nor his son was in any danger. He also showed footage of the event shot from a different angle, demonstrating that they were much farther from the crocodile than they had appeared in the publicised clip. Terri said their child was in no more danger than one being taught to swim. No charges were filed; according to one journalist, Irwin told officials he would not repeat the action. The incident prompted the Queensland Government to change its crocodile-handling laws, banning children and untrained adults from entering crocodile enclosures.

In June 2004, allegations were made that he disturbed wildlife (namely whales, seals and penguins) while filming The Crocodile Hunter episode " Ice Breaker" in Antarctica. The matter was subsequently closed without charges being laid.

After questions arose in 2003 about Irwin being paid $175,000 worth of taxpayers' money to appear in a television advertisement and his possible political ties, Irwin told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) that he was a conservationist and did not choose sides in politics. His comments describing Australian Prime Minister John Howard as the 'greatest leader in the world' earned him scorn in the media.

In response to questions of Australia's problems with overgrazing, salinity, and erosion, Irwin responded: "Cows have been on our land for so long that Australia has evolved to handle those big animals". The Sydney Morning Herald concluded with the opinion that his message was confusing and amounted to "eating roos and crocs is bad for tourism, and therefore more cruel than eating other animals".

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Stephen Robert Irwin (22 February 1962 - 4 September 2006), known as " The Crocodile Hunter", was an Australian zookeeper, conservationist, television personality, wildlife educator, and environmentalist. Irwin grew up around crocodiles and other reptiles and was educated regarding them by his father Bob.

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the second well known character, in Australia history

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Steve Irwin - Interview by Andrew Denton Pt1

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most influential character on the entire Australia history

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Donald George Bradman was the youngest son of George and Emily (née Whatman) Bradman, and was born on 27 August 1908 at Cootamundra, New South Wales (NSW). He had a brother, Victor, and three sisters-Islet, Lilian and Elizabeth May. Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family.

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achievement of Australia pop music culture 

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achievement of Australia pop music culture 

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1. Open the Internet Browser

2. Click Tools (or "gear" icon at top right hand corner) > Internet Options > Privacy > Advanced

3. Check Override automatic cookie handling

4. For First-party Cookies and Third-party Cookies click Accept

5. Click OK and OK

Enabling Cookies in Internet Explorer 10, 11

1. Open the Internet Browser

2. Click the Tools button, and then click Internet Options.

3. Click the Privacy tab, and then, under Settings, move the slider to the bottom to allow all cookies, and then click OK.

Enabling Cookies in Google Chrome

1. Open the Google Chrome browser

2. Click Tools icon Or type in Go to chrome://settings/ to the URL window, hit enter

3. Click 'Advanced settings' > Select Privacy > Content settings

4. Check 'Allow local data to be set (recommended)'

5. Click 'Done'

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Open the Internet Browser Click Tools (or "gear" icon at top right hand corner) > Internet Options > Privacy > Advanced Check Override automatic cookie handling For First-party Cookies and Third-party Cookies click Accept Click OK and OK Enabling Cookies in Internet Explorer 10, 11 Open the Internet Browser Click the Tools button, and then click Internet Options.

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from the chart we can see the non-religious stands for the highest percentage, here's why?

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"No Religion" Now Most Common Religion in Australia

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Australian Gutter Beat - Rap Instrumental

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here is an video of an explanation of the stereotypes

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1. all animals are dangerous
2. surfers
3. a big desert
4. convicts
5. racist
6. shrimp on the barbie
7. foster
8. Vegemite
9. riding kangaroos
10. BBQ

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modern use of australian ingenious food culture

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Review finds Cricket Australia “arrogant”

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here is a guide of everything you will need to know about a game of cricket:

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cricket is basically a kind of sport that is similar to baseball. It is one of the most important sport in Australia, that have been develop so well until now

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Gutter rap is one of the style of rap that became more popular in Australia at the moment. here is a link which talk about it in a perspective of an rapper:

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SPORTING face tatts, a gold chain and a Polo cap pulled down hard over his face, Luke Greig - better known as gutter rapper Skeaz "Skeamo" Lauren - cuts a jumpy figure as he makes his way through this inner-city Sydney pub.

You can't blame him. Just four weeks out of prison and minutes off a urine drug test at a local courthouse, he's only beginning his transition to life on the outside.

"This time it sorta kicked me in the arse. For me not to be go back there, I gotta change my ways, I gotta turn right," he says, adding, "I'm sick of going to jail - I'm sick of six-minute phone calls, I'm sick of one-hour visits, I'm sick of f**ken being told what you can do and can't do, I'm sick of wearing green."

At 35, Skeamo has spent two-thirds of his life grappling with drug addiction, criminality and stints in prison. In between, he's also managed to foster the musical genre known as gutter rap, a uniquely raw and Australian version of hip hop born out of the nation's burgeoning public housing ghettos.

Labelled by some as try-hard gangster rap and others as a cancer on Australian youth culture, it has garnered hundreds of thousands of followers both online and on the ground, along with tens of millions of plays on YouTube, Spotify and iTunes, all despite zero support from the nation's mainstream radio stations and record labels. Recently the genre welcomed its first fully paid touring artist in MC Kerser, a product of the Campbelltown housing commission in western Sydney. Skeamo's younger brother NTER is another up and coming talent in the genre. But Skeamo baulks at comparisons to gangster rap.

"It's not gangster rap. It's the life that we've lived, that I've lived, you know what I mean," he says.

"A lot of people can't take me because of the realness I guess - 'this c**t is a piece of sh*t ra-ra-ra'. You're entitled to your opinion, but as you said, I am an elder statesman in this game, I have been doing this a long time, and I'm not rapping about barbecues and f**ken flowers 'everything is sweet' - 'cos life is not sweet, not my life anyway," he says.

Skeamo, who grew up in public housing in Hurstville, in south Sydney, was 13 when his mother was consumed by heroin addiction.

"Early life was pretty rough, know what I mean," he says.

"Being at a young age, you sorta didn't understand ... You're wondering what have I done wrong as a kid? What have we done wrong for her to be doing that? Like, we're meant to be kids.

"We're meant to have loving parents there," he says. "Your parents are meant to take you to school, pick you up from school, have your lunches ready, take you out for dinner, know what I mean? That stuff didn't happen so we got thinking, is it us? There's no one there to say it's not your fault," he says.

In the absence of adequate role models and family connections, Skeamo gravitated towards the kind of people who could give him purpose.

"You'd see (older criminals) in bundles, you know, fresh gear - Polo, Lacoste, fresh shoes, gold chains, Tag watches - and you're very impressionable when you're younger. You don't have the love and support you're meant to have at home, so you go looking for it elsewhere," he says.

The pain of his childhood often manifested in anger, violence and criminal activity. The tattoo on his torso, "Sydney Searchers," is a brazen reference to the break-and-enter crew he used to be a part of.

"You hate the world, you're dirty on everyone because you're upset and you're angry with what's at home, and you're a kid [so] you don't know how to deal with your anger, you don't know how to cope, you don't know how to fix it. You got someone looking at you wrong, you take it out on someone else," he says.

Drugs became a way to "numb" the pain. He first tried heroin as a 16-year-old and was smoking ice by his twenties.

"It numbs ya. It blocks out everything. Things will f**k up and then you'll have a smoke and everything is fine. You don't give a f**k," he says.

Throughout it all, music provided therapy as well as a platform to share his side of the Australian experience - one that is a lot more common than you might think.

"There's a lot of kids out there stuck in the same rut - parents are alcoholics or on drugs. It's hard 'cos you're a kid, you don't know what's going on. You want your mother or dad to be there and do what they're supposed to do but it's not happening. You're wondering why - know what I mean - your mother is on the nod, f**ken sleeping at 12 o'clock in the day time. After a while you sort of understand ... but it's a very, very, very hard learning curve to deal with, to experience," he says.

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While derided by many, Dr Liz Allen, a demographer specialising in social trends, inequality and census data collections at the Australian National University, sees significant value in gutter rap, claiming it gives voice to a growing, though little-heard, sector of Australians.

"Through song we're seeing insights of what it's like to have grown up in such circumstances and it's therapeutic for the people singing about it - 'This is my life, this is what I've gone through, hear my story so that it is not repeated,'" she says.

"Let's not repeat that same mistake, learn our stories, learn our history, we're part of Australian history."

Dr Allen, who herself experienced homelessness as a teenager in western Sydney, says mainstream arts and culture do a poor job of representing marginal elements of Australian society. It's an oversight which gutter rap goes part of the way to addressing.

"I grew up in significant disadvantage and I do not see myself reflected in the media, I don't see myself reflected in the arts, I almost don't see where I fit in in the grand scheme of things and it has a really disempowering feeling," she says.

"Am I part of the Australian landscape? I don't feel like I have a shared story anywhere. But when I connect with stories of people who have experienced what I have - homelessness and severe disadvantage - I go, 'OK there are others like me out there and I do have a place in the Australian story, and I want my story to be heard,'" she says.

Australia might like to think of itself as the land of milk and honey but the statistics tell a different story. Despite one of the greatest periods of prosperity on record, homelessness actually increased by 14 per cent between the 2011 and 2016 census.

The most recent study of poverty in Australia found a total of three million people are living in poverty, including 731,000 children - or one in six children under the age of 15.

Dr Allen is unequivocal about Australia's failure to look after its battlers, laying the blame particularly on housing and policy, which has led to the segregation of rich and poor and public housing waiting lists stretching up to 20 years long.

"Across the board in Australia there is certainly a recognition that past policies have been failures," she says.

"Historically in Australia, particularly in Sydney and Melbourne, government created public housing in very concentrated areas.

"So there is a move and a recognition now that concentrating public housing in a particular area or zone is perhaps not conducive to a level of social interaction that might see that people will feel there is a way out," she says.

She is also critical of plans to sell off public housing located in more prosperous areas of our cities and states in order to build more public housing where the land is cheaper.

"Certainly we're seeing a lot of areas where clustered public housing has been sold off but at the same time we see areas for example along the flood-line in the Windsor and South Windsor areas in the outer Sydney area being gobbled up for public housing because it is relatively cheap, and it's out of the way so to speak," she says.

Skeamo hopes gutter rap might make people stop, listen and empathise rather than criticise.

"The things I've done doesn't reflect the person I am today," he says.

"A lot of us are victims of circumstance. We can't help the cards we've been dealt. The cards we've been dealt we gotta play 'em, know what I mean?" he says.
- Continue the conversation with Jed Smith on Twitter @Jed_J_Smith - For more information on gutter rapper Skeaz "Skeamo" Lauren, visit his Facebook page.

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SPORTING face tatts, a gold chain and a Polo cap pulled down hard over his face, Luke Greig - better known as gutter rapper Skeaz "Skeamo" Lauren - cuts a jumpy figure as he makes his way through this inner-city Sydney pub.

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Traditonally, for centuries Australian music was mainly played on the wooden wind instrument, the didgeridoo, which came from indigenous natives. It became an important sound in Australian folk music, especially for playing the nation's all time most familiar folk song, "Waltzing Matilda."

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In Australia the first food culture that start in the civilization is the ingenious food culture, which also last and became a unique individual type of food culture at the moment.

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Australia ingenious food culture is based on "bush tucker"

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hip-hop nowadays in Australia is still in a develop stage, which still need improvement till it can be popular on global music culture

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