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A boil, also called a furuncle, is a deep folliculitis, infection of the hair follicle. It is most commonly caused by infection by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in a painful swollen area on the skin caused by an accumulation of pus and dead tissue.

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Rosacea (rose-AY-sha) is a common skin disease. It often begins with a tendency to blush or flush more easily than other people. The redness can slowly spread beyond the nose and cheeks to the forehead and chin. Even the ears, chest, and back can be red all the time. Rosacea can cause more than redness.

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Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition caused by an overactive immune system. Symptoms include flaking, inflammation, and thick, white, silvery, or red patches of skin. Psoriasis treatments include steroid creams, occlusion, light therapy and oral medications, such as biologics.

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Hematomas near the skin result in a large patch of skindiscoloration (typically black and blue) that occurs after trauma to the soft tissue. A bruise develops when small blood vessels beneath the skin rupture and blood leaks into the soft tissue beneath the skin

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a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising. An ecchymosis is a subcutaneous spot of bleeding with diameter larger than 1 centimetre (0.39 in). It is similar to (and sometimes indistinguishable from) a hematoma, commonly called a bruise, though the terms are not interchangeable in careful usage.

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Bruises (contusions) occur when small blood vessels under the skin tear or rupture, most often from a twist, bump, or fall. Blood leaks into tissues under theskin and causes a black-and-blue colour that often turns purple, red, yellow, and green as the bruiseheals.

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Albinism is a rare group of genetic disorders that cause the skin, hair, or eyes to have little or no color. Albinism is also associated with vision problems. According to the National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation, about 1 in 18,000 to 20,000 people in the United States have a form of albinism.

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Nail biting, also known as onychophagy or onychophagia, is an oral compulsive habit. It is sometimes described as a parafunctional activity, the common use of the mouth for an activity other than speaking, eating, or drinking. Nail biting is very common, especially among children.

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also known as tinea unguium, is a fungal infection of the nail. Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. Toenails or fingernails may be affected, but it is more common for toenails to be affected.

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Ingrown toenail (onychocryptosis) is a fairly frequent problem resulting from either growth of nail fold inwards into the nail bed or abnormal embedding of the nail plate into the nail groove, causing significant discomfort.

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Alopecia areata, also known as spot baldness, is a condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body. Often it results in a few bald spots on the scalp, each about the size of a coin. Psychological stress may result. People are generally otherwise healthy.

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Hirsutism is excessive body hair in men and women on parts of the body where hair is normally absent or minimal, such as on the chin, chest, face or body. Sometimes, hirsutism runs in families. If your mother or sisters have it, you're more likely to get it.

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A skin wheal is a patch on the skin that is elevated, discolored, changes shape, and often itches. It can be due to an insect bite, an adverse reaction to something that touched your skin, eczema, or another small puncture wound you experienced. You may have also heard a skin wheal referred to as a 'welt' or a 'hive.

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A small, fleshy bump on the skin or mucous membrane caused by human papillomavirus. The common wart is a benign growth caused by localized infection with one of the many types of human papillomavirus. ... Warts are especially common among children and adolescents and may occur on any mucocutaneous surface.

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It's one of the most common of all inherited skin disorders. ... The affected skin may also be thick and covered in scales. The white or red skin bumps caused by keratosis pilaris can look similar to acne, but they usually appear on the arms, thighs, or buttocks. This condition can also cause rough patches of skin

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Plaque psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition. It appears on the skin in patches of thick, red, scaly skin. According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, plaque psoriasis is the most common form of psoriasis.

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A papule is an area of abnormal skin tissue that is less than 1 centimeter around. A papule has distinct borders, and it can appear in a variety of shapes.Papules are often called skin lesions, which are essentially changes in the color or texture of yourskin.

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Lipoma or dermatofibroma are common causes ofnodules on the skin. ... They are firm mobile cysts, usually skin coloured or yellow/white with a central punctum. They are usually found as a painless lump. The appearance of many nodules under the skincould indicate neurofibromatosis.

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A macule is a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 centimeter (cm) wide. It doesn't involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin. Certain conditions such as vitiligo are characterized by white or lighter macules or patches on the skin.

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Scale - Visible fragments of the stratum corneum as it is shed from the skin. Crust - Varying colors of liquid debris (serum or pus) that has dried on the surface of the skin. Erosion - Loss of superficial layers of upper epidermis by wearing away as from friction or pressure.

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A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal growth or appearance compared to the skin around it. Two categories of skin lesions exist: primary and secondary. Primary skin lesions are abnormal skin conditions present at birth or acquired over a person’s lifetime. Secondary skin lesions are the result of irritated or manipulated primary skin lesions.

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a small gland that secretes sweat, situated in the dermis of the skin. Such glands are found over most of the body, and have a simple coiled tubular structure. Sweat glands are a type of exocrine gland, which are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct.

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It encourages healthy skin cell production. Retinal, retinol and retinoic acid are important to cell production and growth. Vitamin A also stimulates fibroblasts the cells responsible for developing tissue that keeps skin firm and healthy in the deep layers of your skin.Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is good for healthy vision, skin, bones and other tissues in the body

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Keratin is the main protein in your skin and makes up hair, nails, and the surface layer of the skin. Keratin is what forms the rigidity of your skin and helps with the barrier protection that your skin offers. Keratin protects skin from infections and other harmful things.

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In its active form as calcitriol, vitamin D contributes to skin cell growth repair, and metabolism. It optimizes the skin's immune system and helps destroy free radicals that can cause premature aging.While the body can produce vitamin D on its own through sun exposure, too much sun accelerates skin aging.

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Collagen is the most abundant protein in the body, and gives structure to your skin, bones, muscles, and all other connective tissue. collagen can improve skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, and increase skin moisture. Your body naturally produces collagen every day, but over time, that production slows down.

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In arthropods, the hypodermis is an epidermal layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle. The term also refers to a layer of cells lying immediately below the epidermis of plants. The hypodermis is beneath dermis which is beneath epidermis. It is used mainly for fat storage.

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the thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis which forms the true skin, containing blood capillaries, nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and other structures.The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis. The Dermis consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain.

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the surface epithelium of the skin, overlying the dermis the outer layer of tissue in a plant, except where it is replaced by periderm. the epidermis layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens.