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305's HUSH-STEM playground model + write up! (to be graded) <3

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305's HUSH-STEM playground model + write up! (to be graded) <3

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We chose the Great Wall of China as our model because we’re a history class and we’re studying Mao. But in all seriousness, the Great Wall of China is in severe danger due to climate change. At one point, the wall spanned 3,900 miles across various Chinese dynasties, but is now only roughly about 1,500 miles long, less than half of what it used to be. Extreme weather conditions have caused approximately 25 miles or 40 kilometres of a section of the wall built during the Han dynasty to erode during recent years. Sandstorms have caused the bricks of packed earth to wear down, and, over time, also cracked the wall and caused it to collapse or break down. These freak weather conditions, caused by global warming and the severe onset of climate change, really threatens the structural integrity of the great wall, and erodes its surfaces. China’s increase in heatwaves and heavy rains means that the great wall of china is at greater risk of being severely damaged or total collapse, and it is essential that we take measures to stop climate change to preserve this monument for generations to come. Our model, made fully of recycled materials, stands to prove that we can, and should, play our part to live a sustainable lifestyle, and reduce the damage on our planet.

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Warmer winters are likely to bring higher populations of burrowing mammals including badgers, moles and rabbits, which may destabilise stonework and disturb buried archaeological deposits and could potentially lead to Stonehenge’s collapse, should the number of mole and their ilk continue to rise along with temperatures affected by climate change.

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Mexico is the second largest greenhouse gas emitter in Latin America and Carribean region, causing higher temperatures in the region. Buildings such as chichen itza are vulnerable to climate change due to the extreme weather in Mexico like hurricanes, intense rains, and tropical cyclones. Climate change also reduces building lifetime- because chichen itza is more than 1,500 years old, it is more susceptible to erosion and thus has a higher chance of collapsing.  This means that in a few centuries, you may never be able to see chichen itza ever again! *gasp* Thus, you should enjoy our amazing model that will give you an idea of how chichen itza looks like!! :))

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Poem

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Above is our reconstruction of the Great Wall of China. Our product is an attempt at conveying how human behaviour and activities can directly impact the effects of climate change on the Great Wall.

As many bricks have been removed from the foundation of the Wall by irresponsible human activity, the Wall is now more exposed to the elements and has been eroded far more quickly than it should otherwise. Accentuated by rising temperatures due to global warming, the bricks have been undergoing more drastic expansions and contractions with the highly fluctuating temperatures, causing the pressure on joints and fissures in the rocks to increase. This causes brick structures to weaken and the Wall to be more susceptible to erosion and weathering, and ultimately causes an increase in the rate of degradation of the Wall via physical weathering processes.

Additionally, large chunks of the wall’s structure are collapsing due to the erosion of the surrounding slope. Extreme weather conditions, like sandstorms, due to climate change have worn away a 25 mile long section of the wall, causing it to collapse.

The Wall mostly consists of bricks made of metamorphic rocks, but marble, calcium carbonate, has been known to be mixed into these bricks. With increasing levels of urbanisation and release of gases like sulphur dioxide, the atmospheric environment is growing more and more acidic, which may lead to chemical weathering of the Wall as the carbonate in the wall would react with the acidic rainfall.

Other human activities have also caused detriment to the wall structure. For example, mining activities carried out near the Wall have affected the Wall’s stability and sustainability, by weakening the soil formation and eventually affecting the support provided for the Wall by the ground. As such, bricks have come loose, accentuated by the erosive nature of the environment, and caused the degradation of the Wall.

As such, 311 hopes to raise awareness of the threats faced by the Great Wall of China, one of the best-known Wonders of the World: To have everyone be responsible for their actions, and help to preserve our memories.

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Bonus Task_Acroustic and Shape Poem of the Apostalypse

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Our prototype, the Apostalypse, represents the Wonder of the World, the Twelve Apostles, situated in Australia. Climate change can threaten The Twelve Apostles and cause it to be destroyed. Firstly, climate change leads to an increase in atmospheric temperature, which results in the an increase in sea level. Starting off, melting of glaciers and ice sheets increase sea level. These ice sheets, before being melted, are heavy and weigh down the crust while the ice-free areas just beyond the sheet bulge upwards as a consequence. Hence, when the ice melts, the crust beneath the former sheet rebounds but the crust in the peripheral bulge subsides, making the land there dip and sea-level rise is more extreme. This is also known as glacial isostatic adjustment. Next, climate change brings about an increase in atmospheric temperature, causing thermal expansion of the waters and an increase in sea level. This increases the rate of erosion of the apostles, causing the apostles to be destroyed in the long-term, or eventually be submerged due to the rising sea levels.

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Everyone has certainly heard of the Great Wall of China - a world-famous architectural structure, rumoured to be seen from the moon. First started in the Qin Dynasty and with construction stretching over more than 9 dynasties, it is a grandiose project admired by all throughout history.

Yet, it is being destroyed by climate change even as you read this.

Extreme weather is the main culprit of the erosion of the Great Wall. Already, two chunks of its structure have collapsed; and it is well within the realm of possibility that the rest of it will follow too. Sandstorms relentlessly buffet the bricks of packed earth, wearing them down one grain at a time - if this keeps up, it is in danger of collapsing entirely.

Erosion of the soil surrounding the Great Wall of China is also a factor keying into the collapse of China’s Great Wall. Climate change had caused increased rainfall, which led to the soil to become waterlogged, its stability worsened.

It was only a matter of time before the soil eventually eroded.

Now, the Great Wall of China no longer has a stable foundation, and still the soil continues to erode. To make matters worse, many Western sections of the wall are constructed from mud, rather than the typical brick and stone used, making them even more susceptible to erosion and collapse.

Time is running out. So far, a third of the full structure has vanished completely, and the remaining 60% is in various states of disrepair. The Wall is not what it once was, merely a shadow of its former glory.

And so, the ball is in your court: will you do something to fight against climate change today?

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Our chosen wonder of the world is the Great Wall of China.

The Great Wall of China, which has stood for more than two millennia, has recently experienced the collapse of two chunks of its structure: one due to climate changes causing erosion of the land surrounding the wall and the other caused by mining taking place in nearby areas. Acid rain which causes erosion is a direct result of climate change. Natural factors that have negatively affected the Great Wall include thousands of years of sunshine, rain, wind, storms, mudslides, and earthquakes. Due to climate change, the chances of these natural disasters happening have increased. Climate change also caused more storms, mudslides and earthquakes which damaged the Great Wall even further. These horrible effects of climate change can only be expected to worsen as we approach a future of no return, where climate change cannot be stopped. :)

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Rapa Nui is one of the most secluded inhabited islands around the globe. Majority of the tangible heritage is concentrated on the coast, thus it is susceptible to coastal erosion due to rising sea levels caused by climate change. Water shortage and the high level of waste production increases the concern on the carrying capacity of the island. The ahu and moai are iconic monuments, central to the identity of the Rapanui people as well as the island’s tourist economy. The loss of this unique cultural expression would have a significant impact on the lives of the society.

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The Great Wall of China is greatly affected by climate change due to the increase in acid rain causing the wall to erode and be damaged. This is something very unfortunate as Great Wall of China has hundreds of years of history and is a remarkable piece of structure.

We made this primarily out of cardboard, and used additional materials such as newspaper, tape, and red packets. Our end product was a simple yet vibrant model of the famous wall in China. In addition to the rustic design, we also added modern interpretations of people travelling across the wall.
We took the liberty of adding a tall tower to not only attract peoples attention, but also to make it more 3 dimensional.

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all our beautiful models of the great wall of china!

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We chose the Great Barrier Reef because due to climate change, it causes in an increase in the water temperature, and this results in the coral at the Great Barrier Reef bleaching, slowly turning white. This doesn’t kill the coral but it ruins the natural beauty of the reef and results in the coral being very close to death. This increased death of the coral would reduce the amount of places certain species of fish can go to to lay eggs or hide from predators. This eventually leads to the slow destruction of the natural ecosystem found in the great barrier reef and eventually destroys the reef as a whole.

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The poem is packed in an earth shape, with the header "sustainability" as our title. The words "SAVE OUR EARTH" are specifically in caps to emphasize the desperation and the intense need for action. The dramatic red and black background represent the darkness the world will be if we do not act fast enough.

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poem credits: yi chern (our lovely class secretary) & jiaxuan (hist rep + facil :3), artist credits: summer (our lovely chairperson) <3

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Bonus Task! Our lovely poem on Sustainability! Featuring the Fluid Mosaic Model 😎

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Bonus Task! Our lovely poem on Sustainability! Featuring the Fluid Mosaic Model 😎

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sustainability

it starts with us

and it is a must

not just for us

in the present

but the future of theirs

so let’s be decent

and make this world last

let’s do this fast

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304's Class Collage with each group's model

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304's Class Collage with each group's model

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304's Picture/Collage of our recycled materials

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304's Picture/Collage of our recycled materials

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We chose the Great Barrier Reef as our wonder of the world. This place was chosen due to its humongous significance in regulating and supporting our climate. Majority of marine biodiversity resides in these majestic coral habitats. Moreover, they also serve as carbon sinks, helping to reduce and control the amount of carbon dioxide stored on Earth.
However, due to our thoughtless and inconsiderate actions, the coral reefs that have served us so well are bearing the brunt of climatic disasters. Increased sea temperatures, algae blooms, marine pollution and ocean acidification are merely a few of the unimaginable consequences the corals are facing. Sea temperature rises and ocean acidification are bleaching corals and exterminating the fragile ecosystems residing within the coral reefs, killing the coral reefs and directly impacting the marine organisms and services that depend on it.
Our product showcases an increasingly common sight at the Great Barrier Reef: Coral bleaching and marine wildlife deaths. The colourful corals represent the corals that are still living and supporting marine wildlife, such as the fish hanging above. However, the scene gradually changes into a colourless, lifeless and empty sight. This represents the bleached corals that can no longer support the wildlife.

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The shape is in the form of a battery (on a simple circuit diagram)

Poem:
Save the Turtles, help the animals
Use less waste
So that the environment stays healthy
Help, before it's too late

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In Maya, Chichen Itza means 'At the brim of the well where the Wise Men of the Water Live'. This sacred site was one of the greatest Mayan centres of the Yucatán peninsula. Throughout its nearly 1,000-year history, different peoples have left their mark on the city. The Maya and Toltec vision of the world and the universe is revealed in their stone monuments and artistic works. The fusion of Mayan construction techniques with new elements from central Mexico make Chichen-Itza one of the most important examples of the Mayan-Toltec civilization in Yucatán. Several buildings have survived, such as the Warriors’ Temple, El Castillo and the circular observatory known as El Caracol. The Chichen Itza Pyramid or El Castillo is the most astonishing Mayan Ruin or building inside the Archaeological Site.

Chichen Itza faces many threats as a result of climate change. It mainly consists of limestone, which is susceptible to erosion by acid rain. Scientists from Mexico's National Autonomous University have warned that the main temple at the ancient Mayan settlement of Chichen Itza is in danger of collapsing into a subterranean river. Due to the increase of industrialisation, gases released into the atmosphere that contribute to the formation of acid rain has drastically increased. This puts the Chicken Itza at risk of great destruction.

This model of chichen itza is made with empty coffee cups collected over the years by our classmate.

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In lordly valour didst thou once stand
Stony, regal and unbending
Aging gracefully yet, imbued with Time
Thine majesty, never ending

Thine virility, from Age didst stand true
An artefact of time, culture and history
The bloody battles, waged within you
Made glory from the cold womb of misery

For your honour, they shalt be remembered
The hellion on which thou were built
Yet, mighty Colosseum, your strength shall be rendered
Dead, with Humanity's wilt

We grew greedy, fevered in the heat of pleasure
And staked our Earth through her heart
We've usurped all Nature, made the tides rise,
And from the marvels of our past, ye, we abhorrently part.

Our technology godly, our desires primal
Our innocence hath surpassed its border
With the havoc we have wreaked, blaspheming your will
We no longer have order.

Now, as the fruition of our sin
Your might and valour hath fallen prey
To not only the elements - of sea and air that have gone astray
But to Humanity's decay.

- Kiera Lim Tao Jing (314)
12 April, 2022

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With rising tides due to climate change, the high salinity of the ocean would have broken down the minerals and carbonates within the structure of the Colosseum, compromising its structural integrity.
Also, the high moisture content would promote mould growth.

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The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower in Pisa, Italy. If climate change is not combatted, the water levels will rise, and the already weak foundation of the tower will be weakened, and could cause the Tower to fall.

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we were getting reading for the activity!! :D

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photo of the class (taken together with recycled materials on the lockers)

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photo of the class (taken together with recycled materials on the lockers)