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Worley, Titsworth, Worley, and Cornett-DeVito (2007) argued that interpersonal relationships are essential in student learning. When students reported positive feelings of rapport with their instructor, they also reported greater participation, satisfaction, motivation, and frequent classroom participation (Frisby & Myers, 2008). Feelings of classroom connectedness and rapport with instructors and classmates should increase participation as a result of the creation of an environment where anxiety is reduced, students are highly motivated, interaction is encouraged, students are willing to express ideas, and participation is sparked (Coupland, 2003; Frisby & Myers, 2008; Jorgenson, 1992; Reis, 1972; Schaps et al., 1997). Affective learning is defined as the positive value students attach to course content and evaluation of an instructor (McCroskey, 1994). The positive value may emerge as a result of relational behaviors that the instructor enacts. Frymier (2007) argued that interpersonal relationships in the instructional setting lead to increased affective learning. Students who perceived being in a supportive environment with positive instructor rapport also liked their class better, attaching positive value to the instructor, content, and subject (Frisby & Myers, 2008; Rosenfeld, 1983). Addition- ally, Messman and Jones-Corley (2001) noted that students who have the chance to interact and be involved in the classroom value the course and subject more. Overall, a positive interpersonal and classroom experience should positively influence affective learning. Frymier (2007) reported that students’ feelings of relational goals being met by classmates were positively correlated with learning outcomes. Dobransky and Frymier (2004) found that interpersonal relationships between instructors and students increased out of class communication, and that out of class communication was positively related to learning and student engagement. The results of this study place significant responsibility for the classroom environ- ment on instructors. Several scholars have addressed ways in which instructors can contribute to creating a positive classroom environment including the integration of collaborative opportunities for students into the classroom, engaging in casual and personal conversation, balancing intellectual excitement with interpersonal relation- ships, and utilizing techniques to foster positive relationships with students and between students (Johnson, 2009; Terry, 2006).

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https://corp.roblox.com/
kids
play game, use-generated game
Buy/Sell Transactions

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Roblox is reimagining the way people come together. Our platform enables anyone to create, connect, and express themselves in immersive 3D experiences.

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https://secondlife.com/
residents, create avatar, build, 3D-based user-generated content, shop, and trade with Linden Dollar

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Remote Meetings Redefined

Make meetings fun again with virtual hangout spaces, classes and conferences. For over a decade, leading companies and educators have trusted Second Life for branded social spaces for events and remote meetings.

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Official Site | Second Life - Virtual Worlds, Virtual Reality, VR, Avatars, and Free 3D Chat

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Second Life's official website. Second Life is a free 3D virtual world and original metaverse where users can create, connect, and chat with others from around the world using voice and text.

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https://www.bigscreenvr.com/
work together, watch videos together, play video games together
private/public room

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Enjoy Your Favorite Media in VR | Bigscreen

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Bigscreen is your virtual hotspot where you can hang out with friends, collaborate with coworkers, play games, watch movies & much more.

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https://www.oculus.com/horizon-worlds/
create a world(collaboration, share)
browse others' world
制作小游戏

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SEE WHAT CREATORS ARE BUILDING

Eltrim333, Flamingofox, SammyX09 are just a few of the Creators who help make Meta Horizon Worlds, Meta Horizon Worlds. Literally. They're the ones who build these incredible and awe-inspiring worlds for you to experience. Vibrant colors, wild themes, each world uniquely different from the next. And if you're thinking about building your own world, we say, jump in and go for it. But don't just take our word for it, see what Creators are saying.

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Horizon Worlds | Virtual Reality Worlds and Communities

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SEE WHAT CREATORS ARE BUILDING Eltrim333, Flamingofox, SammyX09 are just a few of the Creators who help make Meta Horizon Worlds, Meta Horizon Worlds. Literally. They're the ones who build these incredible and awe-inspiring worlds for you to experience. Vibrant colors, wild themes, each world uniquely different from the next.

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文章：Multi-user VR Classroom with 3D interaction and real-time motion detection

这篇文章中提到的一个有意思的地方在于：可以捕捉老师的实时动作然后投射到vr中，这个可以让avatar的工作更为authentic （后半句文中没有证实。。）但是该文章没有empirical study的部分，只是介绍

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主要是看live演唱会和看大型比赛，比如NBA
随着动作产生的emoji特效，best seat

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social anxiety
Peterson, M. (2005). Learning interaction in an avatar-based virtual environment: a preliminary study. PacCALL Journal, 1(1), 29-40.

Freeman, G., Zamanifard, S., Maloney, D., & Adkins, A. (2020, April).
人们对social VR中的avatar更有认同感，这可能与动作捕捉有关。use avatars to experiment new or existing identities.

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Nonverbal communication can be established through avatar appear- ance, avatar posturing and gestures (Robbins, 2007).

One UK study (Bailey & Moar, 2001) found that avatars appeared to be very successful as a means to facilitate interaction among primary school children.

Avatars appeared to be the main means for children to initiate contact and conversation with others.

the combination of text chat tool, unique names and avatars provided a sense of anonymity. On the whole, students appeared to take great liberties in their interactions (eg, ‘hey babes’)

This finding is at variance with that of Riedl (2004), who found that some graduate students in the USA had difficulty trying to interact with the avatars of those they did not know.

A majority of students (15 of 24) made use of the communication features of their avatars, mainly waving to attract the attention of potential task partners

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Utz, S. (2015).
positive and entertaining self-disclosures also increased the feeling of connection, especially when reading friends’ updates

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Freeman, G., & Acena, D. (2021, June).
Novel Activities to Foster Relationships in Social VR: Engaging in Shared Activities in An Embodied Way, Experiencing Mundane Everyday Activities in New Ways,Engaging in Immersive Events,Actively Extending Relationships Beyond Social VR

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Maloney, D., Zamanifard, S., & Freeman, G. (2020)
overall, users felt comfortable to disclose their emotions, personal experience and personal information in social VR. personal data collection risk, Voice Modulators, Non-Identifiable Avatars, Privacy Sharing Settings.

Bradbury, A. E. (2021)
VR users are more likely to reveal highly personal facts, attitudes, opinions, and emotions than video chat or voice only communication users.

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Mazer, J. P., Murphy, R. E., & Simonds, C. J. (2007).
Participants who accessed the Facebook website of a teacher high in self-disclosure anticipated higher levels of motivation and affective learning and a more positive classroom climate.

Goldstein, G. S., & Benassi, V. A. (1994).
teacher self-disclosure is positively associated with student participation. Thereby documenting the reciprocity effect in classroom settings

Song, H., Kim, J., & Luo, W. (2016)
Teacher self-disclosure and students' emotional responses toward teacher SD enhance teacher–student relationship satisfaction, which in turn increases perceived knowledge gain and class satisfaction.
The effect of teacher SD upon teacher–student relationship satisfaction is stronger online compared to FtF classes.

Imlawi, J., & Gregg, D. (2014).
This increase in engagement is seen when the instructor posts private information related to the course and when the instructor makes humorous posts.

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https://spatial.io/
主要是做NFT展览的，和社交有关的是有一个spatial park--艺术设计，pod

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https://altvr.com/
Host/Join events
Universe--Worlds(Template/customizable)--Contextual roles(Host, Moderator, Megaphone Only, Pilot, Musical Performer, Block Listed Users)
One-time use/Repeated Use
Adding 3D Objects Using World Editor and Kits
Record or Live Stream
演讲，开放麦，演出……

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https://recroom.com/
Customize avatar
create/play games组队玩游戏
Maker Pen许多活动是创作挑战--创作可能会返现NFT（很重视making的产品）

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Rec Room is the best place to build and play games together. Chat, hang out, explore MILLIONS of rooms, or build something new to share with us all!

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https://hello.vrchat.com/

trust levels: "Visitor" rank (grey), "New User" (blue) rank, "User" (green), "Known User" (orange), "Trusted User" (purple), and friends (yellow)