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Foreign Language Education in Ottoman Empire

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Foreign Language Education in Ottoman Empire

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In Ottoman Empire, foreign language education differentiated with the relations among other countries on account of beliefs, modernalizations or invasions. Therefore, Arabic, Persian, French, German and English were among the languages that were taught at that time.

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Before the Tanzimat Period, in Ottoman's peak periods, Arabic and Persian languages were taught considering their religious basis.

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With and after the Tanzimat Period, more European methods and modernalizations started to take roles. In stagnation and decline periods of Ottoman; French, German and English were the foreign languages taught. They firstly started in military, then public schools.

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Babıali Translation Chamber was founded. French, as one of the European language, was taught as well as Arabic and Persian. Babıali was translating the languages and expand vision against them.

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The Ottoman Foreign Language School / Lisan Mektebi was the first school that gave the foreign language education which was French at that time. Lessons were both French and Turkish.

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Galatasaray Sultani High School was founded. The language was again French, but it was a 'turning point' because it was the first governmental school in which the education was given in the foreign language. Once the students graduated, they were highly capable of speaking the foreign language. It was again a good indicator of modernalization that people were not discriminated by their religions. Both Muslims and non-muslims were educated in the same place.

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Great Imperial School / Mekteb-i Aliye-i Sultaniye consisted of 3 different schools which were Darülfünun-u Sultani, Engineering School and School of Letters. Great Imperial School had traces and models from Sarbonne programmes.

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After 1908, along with the improvements among Germany and Ottoman, German started to be taught as foreign language, and German High School opened.