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A study found “responses from participants and collaborators indicated that the facilitation of workshops was especially successful in helping the young participants and the researchers to listen to each other, create a safe space, and ultimately contribute to capacity-building” (Khorana, 2021, p.12)

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There is intersectionality regarding how power structures marginalise 'the other'.

“We infuse this decolonial PAR praxis with feminisms that involve the explicit recognition that praxis must critically reposition gender, ‘race’ and class, value indigenous cultural knowledge and voices, and engage in intersectional analyses toward transformative change” (Lykes, Lloyd and Nicholson, 2018, p.410)

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PAR should be understood as being concerned with equality, charmed meaning, empowerment, decolonisation, emancipation and so forth.

(Le Grange, 2009)

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The Aborginal storytelling circle places emphasis on 6 key elements to decolonial research methodology:

“the direct involvement of participants and the community”

“ the reciprocal relationship between researcher and participant”

“ the goals of self-determination”

“Decolonization”

“direct benefit to the community”

“the potential for learning and healing”

(Baskin, 2005)

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Handcrafting is a tradition globally, it is also sustainable.

“The use of traditional handcraft methods in community art has the potential for enhanced dialogue, especially intercultural and intergenerational dialogue as it is also discussed by indigenous researchers” (Härkönen et al., 2018, p.9).

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“Revitalisation has become an equal partner of decolonisation and is a process that aims to restore the values of old traditions but in a context that is not in itself traditional but contemporary”

(Härkönen, Huhmarniemi, and Jokela, 2018, p.3).

This is key for an educational institution trying to reform current hierarchies and perspectives.

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Ubuntu does not easily translate into the language of the West, though it can “serve as a basis for the development of research characteristics” (Seehawker, 2018, p.455).

Evidently, Ubuntu and PAR share a common agenda. ‘The oppressed have been destroyed precisely because their situation has reduced them to things. In order to regain their humanity they must cease to be things and fight as men and women’ (Freire, 1996, p. 50).

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'Ubuntu' is a way of life…a paradigm rooted in African philosophy, ethics and overall worldview.

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Quilting allows for the negotiation of skills, language and experiences…while also discussing various power hierarchies that have been experiences and how such can be tackled.

The quilting workshop is said to create a sense of security and safety, as it aims to bring together scholars, artists and activists to collectively engage in collaborative forms of research/ knowledge that explicitly tackled experiences of inequality and to provide safe spaces for recovering from these experiences and/or solving them.

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Within Indigenous communities, the activity of quilting while using recycled fabric and material is fairly common, with the use of colour threads and patterns. This highlights the consideration of those from different cultures and mimics bringing people of various cultures together.

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Through quilting, “the aim is to de-centre Eurocentric forms of knowledge practices and neo-liberal universities’ praxis of ranking publications and to reward careers” (Rajan et al., 2021, p.21).

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Gramsci (1971) highlighted the notion that language is a continuous process of metaphor, a reflection of history and culture at that proposed time, language lives at a certain time….evidently language is adaptable…literacy can still be of privilege when used correctly.

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Within Indigenous Australian communities, emphasis is placed upon “collaborative discussion (dialogue); story-telling and listening (deep listening)”

(Sherwood and Kendall, 2013, p.87)

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PAR is used frequently within communities of racial and ethnic minority, storytelling allows for expression, empowerment, voice, and resistance toward oppressive structures and practices to be highlighted.

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Counter-storytelling is key, in telling the stories of those people whose experiences are often not told.

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PAR approaches can be guided by those of indigenous descent- through storytelling, an attempt of decolonisation can be conceptualised.

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“Exchanges of history, moments of connection, and consensus-building provided the initial momentum to continue to consult with the wider community and slowly develop an agreed on framework” (Caxaj, 2015, p.7).

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~ helpful in contributing to decolonisation in higher eudcation ~

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~ beneficial decolonial PAR method ~

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                                 STORYTELLING

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                                 STORYTELLING

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~ great PAR method, free of social and political restrictions ~