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At least 400 women disguised themselves and fought for Union and Confederate armies.

Women increasingly took over jobs in factories and farms as men left for war.

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Lincoln frees the slaves that were fighting against the union on January 1, 1863.

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North

Naval blockade of southern seaports to block import of manufactured goods and block the sale of cotton exports

Control the Miss. River to cripple southern transportation link and split the South in two

Seize Confederate capital, Richmond (100 miles from D.C.)

South

Defend until North gets tired of fighting and gives up

Get help from Britain and other European allies.

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They had rifles ad cannon had become more powerful, accurate, and deadly proving old fighting.

CIVIL WAR WEAPONS

Vert accurate
Could shoot 200 - 500 yards

3 shot per minute in 1861

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They had a large population like 22 million people, 90% of industrial goods made there - munitions, efficient railroad systems, controlled the navy.

CONFEDERATE ADVANTAGES

Confederates had excellent generals too -Robert E. Lee and Thomas Jackson  Defending is always easier than attacking - (familiar w/climate and territory, possible psychological advantages)  Farmers fight better than factory workers Profitable economy based on cotton exports

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There was Union Vs. Confederates which was the North and the South. The South people were mostly farmers. The Union carried beds because most wars were in the South. And out of 400 battles they were mostly in the South so the South people did not have to carry beds. Most times they could go home after their battle.

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April 12, 1861 the Confederate forces opened fire on Ft. Sumter and the US surrenders.

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In 1860s Lincoln won his election.
Southern states realize that with Lincoln’s election they have to take action
They decide to break away starting on December 20th, 1860 with South Carolina …by February 1861,  6 other states had seceded with South Carolina

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Slave laws

Slaves were returned to their Masters down the south if they get caught. Fugitive slaves were not aloud to testify in court. People who hid or helped runaway from there master.

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In 1850 California become a free state. In Washington D.C. they decided that there will be no more slave trading. In Utah and Mexico territory slavery was decided by popular sovereignty.

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The reform movements of the mid-1800s  improved life for Americans.

There were different ways of life in the North and the South.

African Americans faced slavery and discrimination in the mid-1800s.

People used to think that when babies were born that god chose where they will go.

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River travel was the South's main form of transportation

Most Southern towns and cities sprang up along waterways.

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Some were free but not all. Children could not attend public schools, could not vote, could not serve on juries, about 6% were free.

Most slaves were treated as a thing not called as people, they worked as heavy farm labor, servants, house keeps, butlers or nannies, they received punishments such as whipping and families were often broken apart so they could not stay together.

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With the invention of the Cotton Gin both cotton production and slave labor grew. When the number of slaves go up cotton goes up every year. Most Southerners were farmers.
Many white southerners were agrarians who favored a way of life just based on farming.

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The invention that was the biggest was the sewing machine.

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deases were spread easier, it was easier to get wild fires, it over crowed faster with all the people.

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It was easier to take the roads and canals to move west and filled gaps in the nation system of the transportation.
The economy got bigger by the 1800s. There were more inventions were made.

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They had
-Better roads
-Was faster by steamboats,and river travels
-Efficient Railway system
There was poor lighting, no fresh air, dangerous, no help if they got injured, 12-14 hours of work. Some kids did not have money to go to school so they had to work in the factory's so there little hands could get caught in the machines.

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In the North they had four seasons there. They had fishing on water.

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The North and the South developed differently from each other in the first half of the 1800s.

The North & South differed in their geography, economies, transportation systems, and societies.

Between 1800 and 1850, these differences led to sharply conflicting views on many national issues.

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Movement called for an end to slavery

Abolitionists were the reformers working to end slavery all over US.
There goal was to end slavery but if they could not do that they were trying to save slaves so they do not get hurt so, that is why they built the underground rail road so they could leave and never go back and so they can be safe.

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Prisoners where poorly heated, Cramped conditions,Not enough food, Filled with debtors

In Massachusetts becomes the first state to use taxes to set up public schools, free from religion.
Only people with money could go there and not the poor could.

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Women rights back then were. That we could not vote, could not serve or juries, could not attend colleges, could not enter professions such as medicine or laws, limited rights in land ownership.