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Béchamel sauce, also known as white sauce, is made from a white roux and milk. It is, since the seventeenth century and on, one of the mother sauces of French cuisine. It is used as the base for other sauces.

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Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere.

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a change brought about by a ferment, as yeast enzymes, which convert grape sugar into ethyl alcohol.

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fried quickly in a little hot fat.

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Parbaking is a cooking technique in which a bread or dough product is partially baked and then rapidly frozen for storage. The raw dough is baked normally, but halted at about 80% of the normal cooking time, when it is rapidly cooled and frozen.

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to work (dough, clay, etc.) into a uniform mixture by pressing, folding, and stretching.

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A pastry blender is a kitchen tool used to mix a hard (solid) fat into flour in order to make pastries. The tool is usually made of narrow metal strips or wires attached to a handle, and is used by pressing down on the items to be mixed (known as "cutting in").

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A pastry brush, also known as a basting brush, is a cooking utensil used to spread butter, oil or glaze on food. Traditional pastry brushes are made with natural bristles or a plastic or nylon fiber similar to a paint brush, while modern kitchen brushes may have silicone bristles.

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The biscuit method is a method for making quick breads such as scones and, well, biscuits. ... The biscuit method is one of the only mixing methods that does not require you to have all of your ingredients at room temperature. Your fats and liquids should be cold for the biscuit method.

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'Cut in' means working solid shortening into dry ingredients with two knives or a pastry blender until well mixed. When making a pastry, solid shortening, lard, or butter is cut in to a flour mixture until the particles are the size of small peas.

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the function of sour cream in a baked good

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the function of sour cream in a baked good

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The chemical reaction releases carbon dioxide gas and causes the rising action in dough or batter. Some of the acidic ingredients that cause the reaction with baking soda are vinegar, lemon juice, orange juice, buttermilk, sour milk, sour cream, honey, chocolate and molasses.

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is a crumbly topping of flour, butter, and sugar that is baked on top of muffins, breads, pies, and cakes.[1] Some modern recipes add spices and chopped nutmeats. The mixture can also be layered or ribboned in the middle of the cake.

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Folding is usually done with a rubber spatula (for liquid & dry ingredients) or with a wire whisk (often beneficial for whipped cream and egg whites so that the mixture gently incorporates as it falls through the wires).

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Drop cookies are made from a relatively soft dough that is dropped by spoonfuls onto the baking sheet. ... Chocolate chip cookies (Toll House cookies), oatmeal (or oatmeal raisin) cookies, and rock cakes are popular examples of drop cookies.

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Cookies made by shaping dough by hand into small balls, logs, and other shapes. Also called hand-formed cookie.

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a sweetened baked good that is made from a dough, is typically denser than cake, and is cut into a rectangular or square shape. Combine chocolate with peanut butter, add some nourishing oats, and you have a great-tasting bar cookie

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In the technical terms used by the food service industry and in the retail and wholesale food utensil industries, there is a clear distinction between three types of scoop: the disher, which is used to measure a portion e.g. cookie dough, to make melon balls, and often to serve ice cream (although manufacturers frequently advise against using dishers for ice cream and other frozen foods); ice cream scoops, and the scoop which is used to measure or to transfer an unspecified amount of a bulk dry foodstuff such as rice, flour, or sugar.

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Cream of tartar is the powdered form of tartaric acid, a substance that forms at the bottom of barrels when making wine.

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The stirring method (also known as the quick-bread method, blending method, or muffin method) is used for pancakes, muffins, corn bread, dumplings, and fritters. It calls for measurement of dry and wet ingredients separately, then quickly mixing the two.

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To fold, the lighter mixture, such as beaten egg whites, is placed on top of the heavier one, such as batter, in a large bowl. Starting at the back of the bowl, a large rubber spatula is used to cut down vertically through the two mixtures, across the bottom of the bowl and up the nearest side.

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The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between an amino acid and a reducing sugar, usually requiring the addition of heat. Like caramelization, it is a form of non-enzymatic browning.

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carameliztaion is the browning of sugar, a process used extensively in cooking for the resulting sweet nutty flavor and brown color. The brown colors are produced by three groups of polymers

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Also known as the 'sugar-shortening' method, the sugar and shortening fat are blended together first and then creamed by added mixing.