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 Abiotic factor 1: the tundra is dark most of the year.

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 Abiotic factor 1: the tundra is dark most of the year.

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so the snowy owl, the arctic fox, the ermine, the musk ox , and the Harlequin duck are nocturnal to the fact that it is dark most of the year.

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since the soil id frozen all of the year so plants are nonvascular like artic moss and caribou moss or like the bear berry, Reproduce by budding and division rather than sexually by flowering. but the pasque flower and the tuft saxifrage all reproduce buy flowering and test their luck buy seeding.

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with the snow, animals must be able to be able to walk across like the Ermine and the Arctic Fox.  But the snowy owl and the Harlequin duck fly a cross the snow. while the musk-ox has huge hoves the march along the snow.

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overall climate description of the tundra 

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overall climate description of the tundra 

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a level or rolling treeless plain that is characteristic of arctic regions, consists of black mucky soil with a permanently frozen subsoil.

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Nyctea  scandiaca

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Histrionicus histrionicus

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Mustela  erminea

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Lagopus  alopex

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Ovibos moschatus

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Saxifraga caespitosa

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Cladonia rangiferina

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Anemone patens

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https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/various-tundra-plants.php
http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/arctic_moss.htm

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Calliergon giganteum

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Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

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http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/tundraA.html
http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/tundra_animal_page.htm