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The Pathogen: Measles is caused by measles virus also known as rubeola virus which is in the genus Morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. Measles virus is a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus with an envelope.

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Here is a picture:

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pain in muscles, fever, fatigue, runny nose, sneezing,  skin rash, dry cough, pink eye, diarrhea, headache, koplik's spots, sensitivity to light, sore throat, or swollen lymph nodes

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This rash is due to the immune response to infected capillary endothelium and the associated mononuclear cell infiltrate.

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Transmission of the virus is by the droplet or airborne route. The virus invades the epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract, however the infection is not limited to this site. After initial viral replication takes place in the respiratory epithelium, the virus moves to the local lymphatic tissue where it replicates again in the lymph nodes and then from there disseminates widely to many different organ systems. The virus can target the kidney, liver, gastrointestinal tract and the skin. In each of these systems, the virus replicates in epithelial and endothelial cells as well as in macrophages.

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Measles is spread through the respiratory system.

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The best protection against measles is 2 doses of the M.M.R vaccine.

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You can prevent getting the measles by these vaccines:
-Measles vaccine
-M.M.R. Vaccine

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No specific medicine kills the virus. Which is also why preventative measures are important.