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http://www.cooksinfo.com/roman-honey-cakes-recipe

http://www.geniuskitchen.com/recipe/whole-wheat-pancakes-47669#activity-feed

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https://www.thoughtco.com/ancient-roman-meals-120637

http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/apicius.html

http://rome.mrdonn.org/dinner.html

http://www.gutenberg.org/files/29728/29728-h/29728-h.htm

http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/wine/wine.html

http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/wine/apicius.html

http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/romans/food.html

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https://drive.google.com/open?id=1VCgejiryq6KKI_qtERU4LhTeW7kS3GwW

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Grapes (vitis vinifera) grew frequently throughout the Mediterranean during the time of ancient Rome. Roman culture at first didn't focus on anything other than expanding their rule across the peninsula. However, once they were able to achieve their dominance, the Romans had gained much wealth, and Italy came to have massive wine production. With the amount of investment in and trade of vineyards, wine was quickly adapted into Roman culture as a very common drink.

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- Vintage vines were stored for long periods of time in amphorae (clay jars with two handles)
- Fermentation and maturation:
Weaker wines --> clay containers (dolia), buried in the floor.
Stronger wines --> exposed to open air (outside), then stored in amphorae in a
warm room

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For breakfast, the Romans would sometimes have their own wheat bread or "pancakes," sweetened with honey. I decided to make my own regular pancakes with honey.

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My Inspired Recipe: Honey Wheat Mini Pancakes

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My Inspired Recipe: Honey Wheat Mini Pancakes

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(Link)

Ingredients

1 cup whole wheat flour

2 teaspoons baking powder

¹⁄2 teaspoon salt

1 tablespoon honey (3 teaspoons)

3 tablespoons oil

1 cup buttermilk

2 large eggs

Directions:
Stir honey and oil together in a bowl.

Add buttermilk and eggs, beat well.

Mix dry ingredients into the liquids until flour is moistened.

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One of the only written sources about Roman dining culture is Apicius' De Re Conquinaria–an ancient Roman cookbook.

Roman food was strongly seasoned that sometimes the original flavor of the food lost its natural taste.
Common items for flavor:
- Fermented fish sauce (garum)
- Garlic
- Fruits (figs, apricots, etc.)
- Honey
- Wine

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(Link)

Estimated Prep Time: 10 minutes
Estimated Cooking Time: 60 minutes
Cooking at: 170 ºC / Gas Mark 3 / 325 ºF

Ingredients:

3 Eggs

200 grams Honey (Must be liquid honey!!)

50 grams Spelt Flour

Directions:
Start your oven heating. Grease and line a cake tin. Beat eggs well, get lots of air bubbles in. Use an electric mixer or blender if you have one.
Pour in honey a little at a time. The mixture will thicken.
Sift the flour, then fold it in gently (you want to keep all the air you've worked into this.)
Pour into prepared cake tin and bake in oven.
Check after 45 minutes. Don't open oven door much before then or the cake may fall. The cake will be a dark brown from the honey. Should be done by 55 minutes. A toothpick should come out clean.
Remove from oven, let cool for 10 minutes in tin, then remove from tin and place on a rack to cool a bit.

Best served warm, with honey drizzled on it.

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- Culturally, the main course of the day.
- Served around evening/sundown.
Poor:
- Vegetable (vegetable soup) and porridge
- Wouldn't have their own kitchen, so they went to their local baker to cook
-Little to no meat - meat was a luxury
Rich:
- First course: meat (boar, deer, lamb, poultry...)
- Then nuts and vegetables
- Spoons were used for soup
- Wine was distributed in jugs

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- A very small meal; known as "second breakfast."
- Typically served around noon.
- Small amount of fish/cold meat, vegetables and bread
- Or usually ate leftovers of previous dinner

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- Eaten very early in the day; at dawn.
- Bread or wheat "pancakes" with honey and dates
- Possibly salad and boiled eggs

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- Wine was usually mixed with water with a ratio of 1:2 (water to wine) to dilute it.
- Distillation didn't exist until the Early Middle Ages, so wine was the strongest drink in ancient Rome.
- Sweet wine was popular, so Romans left grapes to ripen for as long as possible.
- Honey was also used to make wine taste sweet.
- Grapes would be carried in baskets to then be squished by stepping on them or put in a wine press.