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Reused and non-reused components of electric scooters

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Reused and non-reused components of electric scooters

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Reused Components

We will use the electric motor from the scooter, which will be responsible for activating the drill, the battery responsible for supplying the electric current, the controllers that will regulate the speed and power of the motor, the deck that will serve as support for the battery of our product , the rod that will serve as a vertical support, the electrical cables and connectors that may be useful for connecting some electrical components of our product, the LED brake light that will be used to place the on and off button (in order to inform the user whether the tool is on or off) and finally we will use small parts such as bearings, gears, among others, which will also be integrated into the product structure.

Non-reused components

After market research, we found that electrical components can be valuable for people or companies that need spare parts, for repairs or for electronics projects, or even for scrap. Therefore, we consider it advantageous to sell the components that we will not incorporate into the product. Due to the fact that electric scooters are at the end of their life, the sales value will obviously be lower.

The components that will be sent for sale will be: the wheels, tires, the braking system, the bells, the steering system, the sensors, the displays and the control panel.

Ultimately, our objective will be for this entire material sales process to be aligned with our sustainability mission, that is, to ensure that materials are recycled or reused responsibly.

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The team decided that the problem that our system should solve would be around the question of customer satisfaction. As such, we arrived at 4 criteria:

• customer service, which condenses order fulfillment, in case of damage, but also upon delivery;

• the price-quality relationship;

• product performance

• meeting deadlines, once again, not only in delivery, but also in repair in case of breakdown

Therefore, taking into account the results of the 4 samples obtained in the development of the linear system we verified that the product performance has a weight of 45% in customer satisfaction, with customer service ranking second place, with a percentage of 25%, that the price-quality ratio comes in third place with 20% and that, finally, meeting deadlines would determine 10% of the classification

global.

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To conclude with, all the objectives were achieved during this semester. The team created a production system to recycle or reuse an electric scooter. Not only did it contribute to a better understanding of the contenent learnt during the classes but also to understand how does a company work. It showed that a company is not just about bussiness and money. On the contrary, behind the company there are lots of people that contribute to reach a goal. This day and age there is also a bigger awareness of the environment which must be taken into account and it was also a priority during this work. These last few months were an epic adventure that completely transformed the team’s academic journey. Contrary to what was thought, the biggest purpose of this project was the collaborative work and the way it got the people together. Every challenge accepted strengthened the connections between the team members. Having that said, we wanted to thank everyone that took parte in this project, every classmate, every teacher, every company we contacted. So, PIEGI1 was an incridible chapter in our lives that revealed itself as an oportunity to learn and to testify what as future engineer does in life.

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CORELAP method

1st phase – determine the order of placement of departments in the implantation

1.Assign the VGR to each GR from A to X and calculate the total proximity factor TCR (Total Closeness Rating)

2. Select the department with the highest TCR

3. Iterative steps

4. Select the departments with GR A with the rest

departments already selected

5. If none exists, select the department with GR AND with the remaining departments already selected, etc.

6. Whenever necessary, use tiebreaker rules

Largest TCR => Largest area =>Department number

2nd phase – put departments into implementation

The first department is located in the center of the available space.

The second is placed in any position adjacent

to the first

The remaining departments are placed in the

implantation, in a position adjacent to the others in order to maximize relationships with departments deployed

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_Definição do Espaço (método de CORELAP)- apendice IIII (1)

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On January 8th we had the last presentation where it was possible to observe the great development of the project and the team. In fact, as a team we always overcame the difficulties that came our way and we all learned to deal with each other's different personalities to obtain the best possible result. That's why this project is so enriching for our profession and for ourselves.

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In the case of this industrial unit - 2Circle - it seems to us that the most important factors are

are the availability of capital/cost of land and proximity to supplier companies,

namely Mecwide and Ecovista, in order to minimize transport costs.

Thus, locating in Trofa proved to be the most advantageous option, as it combines the greatest number of favorable factors, which

number of favorable factors, which will have a major influence on the company's success.

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Accessibility is a cornerstone of the company. So the team thought about and devised a strategy that would somehow benefit someone with financial difficulties and, on the other hand, raise awareness among our target audience.

With this, the team reached a consensus: for every 100 wheelchairs sold, 2Circle will donate 1 wheelchair to Médecins Sans Frontières, an international non-profit organization that offers medical help in urgent cases.

The costs associated with this social action would be reduced to just €1.80 per wheelchair (considering the 100:1 ratio and the market price of a standard 2Circle wheelchair - €180).

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The system presented aims to link economic concepts with notions from the Algebra course. In this way, the main objective is to control the company's financial situation, by determining expenses and total revenue (combined: profit).

As such, a linear system was determined, consisting of 4 equations and 4 unknowns. In full, the four unknowns are total revenue, total and variable costs and the quantity produced.

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 4

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 4

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Finally, we analyzed which records were necessary, who could access them, who they were for, their purpose and which data was mandatory, additional and alterable.

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 3

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 3

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 2

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 2

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A table was also created with the records of all 2Circle employees, clients and suppliers and the access criteria were defined.

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 1

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PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM SPECIFICATION - TABLE 1

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List of reports and documents that the production process IS had to generate.

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We therefore concluded that the volume of the handle is 92.198 cm3 and its surface area is 135.747 cm2. Throughout this task, we encountered some difficulties, especially when calculating certain integrals that proved impossible to solve analytically. For these cases, we resorted to using software (Matlab) to calculate their results, since they could only be solved numerically. For other integrals, although they were theoretically possible to solve analytically, our knowledge did not allow us to obtain the results. It was therefore necessary to use tools to help with this, such as Symbolab and Integral Calculator. In addition, we also encountered some difficulties when working with Geogebra, the resource used to produce the three-dimensional representation of the handle in 3D, due to a lack of specific knowledge about this tool.

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representação em 3d da pega da cadeira de rodas

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Shaded area of the region bounded (by the graph of the function h) that will give rise to the rev solid.

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As mentioned above, the handle is made up of three solids of revolution, two of which (resulting from the rotation of the graphs of the functions g and h around the Ox axis) only appear in half their shape. This innovative wheelchair component was designed with the user's safety and comfort in mind. It has a rough surface at the top to provide greater friction, while cavities are incorporated at the bottom to improve the grip of the aider.

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Shaded area of the region bounded (by the graph of the function f and g) that will give rise to the solid of revolution

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Initially, we considered creating a package that was different from the conventional one, made up of two cone trunks joined by their larger bases, forming a solid of revolution. However, as the project progressed, this idea lost its practical viability, making the typical cardboard parallelepiped the most logical option.

Consequently, we looked for a new solution to be our solid of revolution. Upon reflection, the handle of a wheelchair was conceived by joining three functions, represented in figure 1. It is worth mentioning that each function has a defined domain: Dg = Dh = [0;10] ∧ Df = [10;11.1].

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Thus, comes the end of a great stage that played a fundamental role in the academic and personal growth of each member of the team.
As such, we would like to thank all the elements involved in the project. We would like to thank the teachers for their support and our tutors who have been with us since the beginning and guided us throughout this process.

Our team 🌱

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If you have your mobile phone with you, scan the qr code so you can find out more about our other digital platforms.

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In this video you have the chance to come with us to visit the inside of our company and get to know it better, we hope you like it.

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Vídeo sem título - Feito com Clipchamp (1) (1)

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In this figure we can see the flow of materials in green and the flow of people in red in the layout implemented by Onwards.

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Using the CORELAP method, Onwards has created an effective layout for its factory in order to separate the production system for the canine wheelchair from the sections related to the well-being and comfort of the workers, such as the cafeteria, canteen, reception and office. In this way, we believe that we have achieved a good layout, given that we have a cellular layout in our production system.

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Process analysis chart for the assembly and packaging of the final product

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Process analysis chart for the assembly and packaging of the final product

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Process analysis chart for polyester cutting and sewing

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Process analysis chart for polyester cutting and sewing

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Aluminum transformation process analysis chart

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Aluminum transformation process analysis chart

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Based on the ideas of maximizing the efficiency of each workstation and the overall production system, the CORELAP method we learned in the Introduction to Engineering and Industrial Management course, as well as Spaghetti Diagrams, Process Analysis Diagrams, Sequence Charts, among others, we have developed the definitive layout for Onwards' Green Factory. This layout includes the 7 workstations, as well as sections such as the leisure and dining area, offices, warehouse, and meal area, all crucial for the smooth operation of the factory, distributed in the most efficient and harmonious manner possible.

We proudly label ourselves as a Green Factory because waste reduction in the manufacturing environment and sustainability are constant priorities in our facility. Among various features, our factory boasts LED lighting installations throughout, functioning in conjunction with motion sensors for maximum energy savings, and Photovoltaic Panels to supplement power needs. Additionally, our factory is equipped with thermal insulation for additional energy savings, significantly reducing heat losses through dissipation and thereby decreasing its overall energy footprint. Regarding emissions from the manufacturing process, Onwards will incorporate an advanced exhaust system to minimize greenhouse gas emissions to the fullest extent possible.

However, a factory is not complete without its workers. With this in mind, Onwards does not overlook their needs and strives to facilitate their work, commutes, and overall well-being. Aligning with our ecological vision, Onwards ensures sustainable and green transportation for its employees, covering the costs of public transportation passes.

Furthermore, the factory layout and spaces reflect a genuine concern for the physical and psychological well-being of our workers, evident in features such as a Leisure Room, Patio, and parking lot for those commuting by car.

Recognizing that understanding demand and market positioning is crucial for optimal decision-making regarding resources and space, Onwards conducted demand studies, reaching out to companies with similar missions in Portugal and Spain. Notably, we contacted OrthoCanis, based in Barcelona, seeking more information on production quantities and the scale of our operations. These two countries, precisely, will be the initial focus of Onwards from a commercial standpoint, making these contact actions relevant and informative in the planning process.

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In order to have a supply system that can acquire the number of electric scooters needed to reach the desired production levels, Onwards decided to locate its company in the industrial area of Alverca because an industrial zone allows for the concentration of resources, such as suppliers, skilled labor and support services, and the price per square meter is lower than in a residential area.

This choice was due to the fact that this location is 25 km away from Lisbon, about a thirty-minute drive. We chose Lisbon as our supply location because it's the city in the country with the highest number of scooters per person and also on the European podium along with Brussels, Helsinki and Paris.

As we're going to produce in low quantities, we've established that the company's area will be 600 square meters

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Our curve, represented by y=f(x) and generated around the Ox axis, will give rise to a hyperboloid which, when multiplied by four times, will constitute our product. By multiplying this hyperboloid by its quadruple representation, we obtain the final shape of our product. This was designed with the aim of offering efficiency, safety and innovation to meet market demands.

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To help coordinate the company, we created a list-type table, which allows us to organize all the information. Here we can manage who has access to each type of content. This table is essential for managing the company and keeping everything in order.

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For the realization of this project, the team had to gather several times, and since meetings were not always held in person, the decision was made to create a virtual obeya room. In this regard, the Discord platform was used. By dividing it into various tabs related to each Course Unit, the team was able to easily access the project status and share information. Similarly, different workspaces were created to allow for task separation during group calls, "never being apart". Through this method, it was possible to access all tasks performed by the team, all charts and images, as well as have some moments of leisure and unity among all members. It is also important to note that all minutes were recorded on this platform.

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These are machines that we intend to acquire in the future, from the metallurgical area, as soon as this investment is feasible and sustainable, depending on the company's financial stability.

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MACHINES THAT INCORPORATE THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM

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MACHINES THAT INCORPORATE THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM

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These are the machines that will actually be incorporated into the production system at an early stage of the company.

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Throughout all the progress made to date, one event that had a notable impact on the development of our company was the visit to the “Orthos XXI Unipessoal Lda.”.

The team has been in frequent contact with the aforementioned company and it is considered to be 2Circle's parent company, as it has supported us with information and data relevant to a large part of the project (for example: the incompatibility of the materials of the electric scooters and the children's wheelchairs, which resulted in this option being discarded).

In addition, 2Circle relied on its efficient and renowned production method to design a significant part of its factory layout, thus enabling the execution and development of this project.

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Nowadays, building a solid corporate image is essential, since it corresponds to an external vision of the organization, thus translating into the way the company is perceived by its public. Therefore, all the components involved in creating/strengthening this image need to be extremely well thought out and executed, always aiming to maximize the product's reach and sales.

The products or services on offer are the main contributors to building this image.

Another component of the image is the brand. A strong logo or brand helps to identify a company and distinguish it from others. For this reason, 2Circle has thought about and considered in detail strategies for representing its corporate visual identity and digital branding. With these, they aim to stand out in the market for their creativity and their progressive approach to accessibility.

The 2Circle´S logo symbolically represents the combination of the desired characteristics and the business values mentioned above: the creative essence is embodied in the company's nomenclature, by replacing the "L" with an electric scooter (recycled raw material); the use of the circle around the brand appeals, by similarity, to the symbol representing recycling; the design of the number "2" invokes a road representing the route taken by 2Circle's end-of-life electric scooters, which will emerge as a new product: a wheelchair!

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This keychain will be a symbol of our company, which will differentiate us from other products on the market. This keychain will act as a gift and will also help with the suitcase's security system, as it will accompany the keys, preventing the customer from losing them.

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In the first few weeks we visited the company Onlybattery, which focuses on creating and replacing batteries. The technician we spoke to gave us several ideas for our project, such as assembling a wind fan using the scooter's motor. However, this suggestion was not explored by the team, as we had in mind the idea of ​​building a powerbank that would reuse the batteries at the end of the scooters' life, and this idea was also discussed with the technician. During this visit, we clarified several questions, such as: how does the process of reducing the size of scooter batteries to a smaller size work? In response, the technician told us that this would be possible as each scooter has around 24 cells, whereas a powerbank would only need 3 or 6 cells.

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The team visited Mecwide, an engineering services company in the metalworking industry, based in Barcelos. There we had the opportunity to meet with Carlos Alves,a mechanical engineer to whom we presented our project and asked some pertinent questions, including the use of metal in the Workspace's coating. The engineer confirmed our predictions, clarifying that the steel of the scooter is indeed a very heavy metal compared to aluminum, although it is much more resistant.

Since the aim of the workspace is to be easy to transport, the engineer suggested that we used the aluminum that Mecwide can't use for the outside of the workspace. To do this, the engineer suggested that we draw up a 3D digital prototype with the exact dimensions we wanted for the product, as well as the materials to be used for each part of the workspace, so that we could make a prototipe with Mecwide´s aluminum.

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Our team visited Repair Mobility (a company that works with electric scooters) twice. The first visit was to find out what materials we needed to build our prototype. In fact, with this first visit, we learned what types of components and materials we needed to buy to build our prototype, which allowed us to purchase the most suitable materials with the ideal measurements and qualities.The technician who attended to us advised us to buy specific components related to the electrical part of the workspace, namely a voltage converter.

On our second visit to the company, the final prototype was assembled, what included making the electrical connections and the removal of unused cells from a used battery supplied by Repair Mobility.

These visits were extremely important for the team.

The technician helped us draw up the prototype and clarified certain doubts.

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1st/2nd week

On December 2nd, the team created a prototype made of cardboard to demonstrate the product's updates regarding design and dimensions. In addition, we prepared the programming and economic engineering tasks that should be included in the preliminary report. You can see some images at the end of the blog!

On December 3rd we delivered the preliminary report. This report contained all the tasks carried out by the team and appendices that we developed to justify choices and demonstrate ideas.

On day 4, the team met to debate and explore ideas regarding the final prototype. After the meeting we decided to order the suitcase and the necessary accessories so that we could go to the port, to repair mobility, and take care of the electrical part of the Workspace.

3rd week

On the 10th, we received the preliminary report from the team we were going to evaluate. That day, we opened the report and did a general analysis.

On the 13th we divided the tasks to be carried out during the holidays and each team member started working on their parts.

On the 16th, we already had task 4 of introduction to engineering and industrial management completed and we started updating the blog, padlet and Instagram.

4th week

The report of the team we were going to evaluate, team 6, was already finalized on the 18th. So, we started working on the final report, correcting some errors pointed out by teachers in certain tasks previously delivered and adding additional information.

Regarding the UC task of Introduction to Economic Engineering, we prepared a loan repayment table, material related to financial mathematics, as well as discussing certain information related to loans and effective and nominal rates in order to move forward with the task.

On the 20th, the team met at the university with the aim of creating the prototype. It was necessary to buy USB ports, a switch and a 12V to 200V converter. At the end of this blog, we leave some images so you can see the entire process.

On the 21st we went to Porto, to our partner company, "Repair Mobility", which helped us take care of the electrical part. The next day we added computer support.

5th week

In the fifth week the team created a script and started the powerpoint for the final presentation. Online meetings were held and discussions were held about what would be the most relevant information to present on January 8th. The team also completed the final report, which was delivered on January 3rd.

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1st week

On January 2nd, the team improved the final report, previously delivered and received with feedback from each teacher.

During this week, the team continued to work on the final report and carried out the last Peers assessment and we met with the teaching tutor Susana Costa to discuss some essential topics.

On January 8th we delivered the report and had the final presentation. The team prepared so that it would be a different and special presentation and we could end this journey with a bang!

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1st week

In this first week of October, we had the task of the Calculus, Programming and IEGI curricular unit (UC) to deliver, more precisely on the 4th, 5th and 6th, respectively.

The Programming professor proposed research on the usefulness of software for companies and their production management, and asked us, at the end of this research, to prepare a document with very simple words about what to learn.

The calculation task involves solids of revolution with the packaging of our product. So, we started thinking about possible packaging for the product, however, as Workspace is already seen as packaging, given that it is a suitcase, we spoke to the professor at the respective UC, who suggested a part of the suitcase that we could associate to some solid of revolution, having chosen the handle of the suitcase.

IEGI's task was to ask us to specify the product, production system, units to produce per year, production process, production factors and general implementation for the production system, serving the company's areas. Just this week, the team traveled to the company "Mecwide" to meet with Mr. Engineer Carlos Alves, with the main topic being metal, which will be used on the outside of the Workspace in the future.

2nd week

In the second week of the month, we started discussing the dimensions of the Workspace product. We wanted something that would be comfortable for users, that would be easy to carry, but that, at the same time, would fit all types of computers, for example. The 2nd presentation was approaching, it was about 1 week away, so we decided to prepare everything, thus distributing different tasks to each team member.

3rd/4th week

In the third and fourth weeks of September, the team divided tasks among themselves. We also contacted several 3D printing companies for possible partnerships, however without success, as they did not meet our expectations.

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1st/2nd week

In the first two weeks of November, the team did a lot of research on some topics related to Calculus task 3, namely how to calculate surface areas and volumes of revolutionary solids that we had previously drawn with the help of the “geogebra” software. Furthermore, we went to the library to request Calculus books to help with the task, which was due on the 10th. In the Algebra task, which was due on the 12th, the team had to establish fixed and variable costs. All topics related to costs, matrices, values ​​in general were planned so that in the end the Workspace would have an affordable price for the user and, at the same time, the company would make a profit.

3rd week

In the third week of the month, the team was asked to present Project Networking, referring to the interviews that, in groups of 3, our team members carried out. This project aimed to better understand the profile of two professionals in the EGI area and bring students closer to the reality of the EGI profession.

Furthermore, this task also helped us create contacts with EGI professionals, which could be very useful in the future, more specifically when entering the job market.

4th week

In the fourth week of the month, on Wednesday, the Algebra teacher talked about the assignment previously given, giving us very useful tips. So, after the conversation, the team decided to go back to this and rectify some mistakes to later send it back to the teacher.

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1st week

On the first day, we met our tutor, teacher Susana Costa. We introduced ourselves eachother and discussed our future path in this project.

During that week, the team began by discussing possible products from end-of-life scooters. Later, after several discussions, seeing positive and negative points of all products that we "put on the table", we reached an agreement, the creation of a Workspace.

After much reflection, the company´s name was created, "Ecovista".

2nd week

We quickly started organizing and distributing tasks in order to optimize all the time we had and not overload any team member. Some members wer responsible for creating the company logo, others for the PowerPoint and script for the first apresentation and the rest ones for managing the blog and social networks.

We brainstormed ideas about the materials we would use in our Workspace. We talked and wrote the advantages and disadvantages of all selected materials.

Finally, we carried out a photo shoot to post on social media.

3rd week

This week we could meet our student tutor, Luis Gonçalves, who introduced us to various resources for the project, from communication to sharing media files and much more. The tutor spoke briefly about his experience as a egi student.

We met on Wednesday morning, dividing it into two moments: one where we clarified some aspects related to the future of our project with the tutor and another one where we gathered just the teams and organized ourselves for the rest of the week.

4rd week

In this last week of September, we decided to get together and start by talking about everything that went well and everything that went less well so that from that moment on we could improve.

Additionally, we created a survey about our product, Workspace, so that we could study the target audience.

We analyzed the characteristics of the materials we would use for the Workspace, taking into account various criteria, such as production and acquisition price, quantity, quality of the material, resistance and aesthetics.

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The team chose to base the company "Ecovista" in Trofa, a location that allows easy access to customers and suppliers, reducing logistical costs and improving efficiency in business operations. This location facilitates access to the natural resources needed for production and the availability of skilled labor. It is also a region with access to research centers, enabling the company to make any kind of technological breakthrough. Above all, the company is located in an area with the political and economic stability that is essential for mitigating risks associated with instability that could affect the company's operations.