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The motto for the European colonization was "God, Gold and Glory". Originally North America was "discovered" by Christopher Columbus when he was trying to find a faster route to India. The Native Americans were welcoming to the Spanish expeditioners however they did not receive the same type of treatment. They were used as slaves as well as the Spanish enslaving Africans using the Middle Passage as transport.

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There were 3 main regions within the first 13 colonies; There are the New England colonies, the Middle colonies, and the Southern colonies. Due to the rocky soil in the New England colonies, they had to depend on fishing, lumbering, and subsistence farming. The Middle Colonies were the trade centers, however they were also called the “Breadbasket colonies” due to the fertile soil they had, which was ideal for farming. Finally the Southern Colonies were known for plantations and being the farming region; This was also where Jamestown was founded under the London Company

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The French and Indian War (also known as the 7 year war) was the French and Native Americans vs the English/American Colonies that took place over the Ohio Valley River. This is the first major showing of future 1st president George Washington as he was a general on the battlefield. This war ended with the Treaty of Paris (1763) in which the French lost giving the British control over the eastern part of North America with Spain receiving land west of the Mississippi River.

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During the American Revolution there were 3 sides, the Patriots, the Neutralists, and the Loyalists. The revolution was the British/Loyalists against the American Colonies. While the British may have had the Native American's and the best military, the Colonists had knowledge of the land, assist from the Spanish and French, and very strong military leadership. The Colonists were losing until the battle of Saratoga in which they won and caused a major turning point in the war, forcing the British forced to change strategy, and giving the French a way to enter the war and assist the Colonists. The war ended when the Spanish, French, British, and American representatives signed a peace treaty on January 20, 1783. This treaty put an end to war, with the formal agreement signed at Paris on September 3, 1783. The U.S. Confederation Congress ratified the treaty on January 14th the next year.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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On September 17, 1787, the Constitution was signed and made official, even though many signed due to it's lack of a Bill of Rights. James Madison was the man who made the constitution, therefor given the nickname, "The Father of the Constitution". The reason of it's creation was to give a basic layout that would define the fundamental laws for the new U.S. federal government. This method gave us the three branches of government and outlined each of their jurisdictions.

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During the Manifest Destiny, Native Americans constantly lost all physical conflicts with settlers and soldiers. This lead to the eventual forced removal of the Natives from their homelands with the Indian Removal Act 1830, passed by Andrew Jackson. The two options they were given was to leave their homes or be confined to reservations. The Trail of Tears was a journey to Reservations in the West. It was on foot without any food, supplies or any help from those removing them.

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The Civil War was fought between The Northern states (Union)and The Southern states (Confederates), the Union led by Abraham Lincoln and the Confederates led by Jefferson Davis. Initially, the war was fought by volunteers, but eventually, more manpower was needed and both sides turned to conscription (draft) by 1863. The war ended with the confederates general, Robert E. Lee surrendering on April 9th, 1865 at Appomattox, bringing the war to an end.

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President Abraham Lincoln believed in a lenient Reconstruction policy to restore the Union quickly and efficiently. To do this he used the 10% plan, which would pardon all southerners who swore oaths of allegiance to the United states and accepted the emancipation of slaves. It also stated that the states could reform governments and gain representation in Congress when 10% of the voting population swore their oath to the United States of America.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Jim Crow Law were laws that separated races in public and private facilities. Redeemers was the name of the people that kept control through racism & enforcing “Jim Crow” laws that divided the South. Lynching was a very big problem during this era, being the illegal act of killing people by gangs made of violent vigilantes. To fight Lynching NAACP was formed with the help of Ida B. Wells-Barnet, who won a court case against a railroad company after suing for discrimination.

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Industrial growth led to the emergence of American cities as manufacturing and transportation centers, Chicago and New York being the 2 biggest examples. The modern factory system changed the lives of every American worker by controlling their work days, which could be as long as 14 hours, with low wages and being forced to live in tenements. Factories were generally unsafe with poor air conditions and unsafe machinery, even having children as young as 6 years old work.

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In the 19th Century, people from Europe, Asia, the Caribbean and Mexico came to the United States seeking freedom and better lives for their families. The pull factors were things like freedom of religion, economic freedom, and opportunity in industries. Most immigrants arrived at Ellis island, however some did arrive on Angel island in California. In order for immigrants to enter the country, they had to pass tests such as a physical and pay an entry tax.

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This was known as the Gilded Age of Politics, with 5 men being the focus in this Era; Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, and Harrison. Following Reconstruction and the election of Hayes in 1876, which was a result of the Compromise of 1877, politicians ignored emerging issues and avoided tackling any controversial issues. The Progressive Movement was a reform movement between 1901 and 1917 that focused on changing the United States politically, socially, and economically. It was a response at the beginning of the 20th century to concerns associated with industrialization and the Gilded Age.

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Imperialism, also known as The New Manifest Destiny. It fueled American expansion throughout the 19th century and by the end of the century, many believed America should look outside it’s borders and establish colonies like Europe. The reasons of American Imperialism starting was because of the desire for military strength, the economic concerns, and cultural superiority. Hawaii served as a stopover point for American ships and a destination for missionaries, however in 1898, Congress annexed Hawaii making it an American territory and the 50th state in 1959

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The Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo on August 28, 1914, sparking WWI. The first to declare war Austria on Serbia, Russia and France declared war on Austria, Germany declared war on Russia and France, and Germany launched a massive invasion on France through Belgium. President Wilson issued a proclamation of American neutrality in August 1914 because the war was across the ocean, however when the Zimmerman Telegram was discovered, Woodrow Wilson asked Congress for declaration of war against Germany in order to “make the world safe for democracy”

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The first major thing to happen in the Roaring 20's was the scopes trial. The trial drew international attention and was broadcast on the radio, with the eventual guilty verdict towards Scopes with a $100 fine. There was also the war against alcohol, with the 18th amendment banning it manufacturing and distributing, but the 21st amendment overturned the 18th 24 years later. However there was good things too. New technologies made life seem better  washers, vacuums, electric sewing machines, refrigerators, toasters, and the most important of all, the automobile. The 19th amendment was created as well, giving women the right to vote and ushered in a new era for women, resulting in flappers soon after.

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Adolf Hitler, this man had his life spared back in WWI and later became the dictator of Nazi Germany, and starting WWII with his invasion of Poland. This caused Britain and France to declare war, pulling in the allies from both sides to join in as well, however America again claimed neutrality. By 1940, Britain was the only surviving nation in Europe, leading Roosevelt to decide the United States needed to help due to the German actions threatening the American security and the future of democratic governments everywhere. America only supplied the Europeans until Pearl Harbor, which lead to America going all in and ended with the German defeat and Japan getting to see the sun close up twice.

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2 years after WWII, the Cold war started, with the Soviet union controlling most of Central and Eastern Europe. The capital of Germany was Berlin, where one of the main conflicts of the war was held, as America, France, Britain, and the Soviet union all had partial control over the capital. Germany was separated in 2, the Democratic, resumed self-government influenced by the US, and the Communist state influenced by the Soviet Union. The Cold War shaped the world for about 45 after World War II lasting until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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The civil rights began with the take down of Plessy because in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), it was said that segregated facilities were acceptable as long as they were equal (“separate but equal”). The NAACP led a legal campaign to end segregation with Thurgood Marshall as the head of their defense team and would later be chosen as the first African American justice on the Supreme Court in 1967. There was also Brown v. Board which was made up of 5 different cases, ending with the Supreme Court ruling that segregation in public schooling was unconstitutional. The lynching of 14-year-old, Emmett Till, lead to the act becoming a federal hate crime. Finally Rosa Parks sparked the Montgomery Bus boycott and Martin Luther King, Jr. was chosen to lead the Montgomery Improvement Association.

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The most recent mass immigration has been from Asia and  Latin America. However the issues affecting the immigration policies are things such as the government getting strained, not enough school, health care not being able to provide enough, issues down at the border, ect. The contributions of immigrants was very positive as it came with diversity in music, art, and literature, achievements in science, engineering, and other fields as well.