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Through studying this course, I began to distinguish between techniques for writing different articles, and also learned different approaches to publishing my work.

I am grateful to my moderator partner Ekaterina for well-coordinated work in the team, for responsiveness and efficiency.

The audience was very active, many interesting thoughts and points of view were heard, even her answer to the questions that arose in my head as the story of the unit and which I myself was sometimes unable to answer very quickly.

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Finding Connections between Lobbying, Public Relations and Advocacy

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Finding Connections between Lobbying, Public Relations and Advocacy

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Lobbying, public relations, and advocacy are all related but distinct practices. Lobbying involves advocating for a client's interests to lawmakers and regulatory agencies. Public relations, on the other hand, uses communication to shape public perception and achieve various goals such as promoting a product or service. Advocacy, which can involve lobbying and public relations, is the act of supporting or promoting a particular cause or policy. While lobbying and public relations may work together, they serve different functions and have unique roles in furthering the interests of their clients. It's important to understand the distinctions between these practices in order to effectively pursue your goals.

The habit of engaging in persuasion but calling it information raises interesting ethical issues about the advocacy role. Because of its political culture, Oregon may be a special case. Oregon lobbyists indicate a high sense of identification with their occupation, which attribute to the existence of the Capitol Club.

Oregon may also be a special case because “during the last two decades of the twentieth century, Oregon’s politics became increasingly volatile, with environmental and natural-resource issues, field burning, gay rights, taxes, doctor-assisted suicide, school funding, and vote by mail elections among the more controversial matters before the public”.

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TED TALK ON EDWARD BERNAYS, THE FATHER OF MODERN PUBLIC RELATIONS

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TED TALK ON EDWARD BERNAYS, THE FATHER OF MODERN PUBLIC RELATIONS

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Edward Bernays is considered the father of PR. He made a significant contribution to the creation of the modern science of mass persuasion, based not on reason, but on the manipulation of subconscious feelings and impulses.

One of Bernays' most famous campaigns was the promotion of smoking for women in the 1920s. Bernays helped the tobacco industry overcome one of the biggest social taboos of the day: women smoking in public. Women were allowed to smoke only in specially designated areas or not allowed at all, which was caused by the sexist stereotypes of the time. At the 1929 Easter Parade in New York, Bernays featured models smoking Lucky Strike cigarettes and called "torches of freedom", playing along with the then-gaining women's emancipation movement. After the parade, women began to smoke more than ever before. It was thanks to Bernays that female smoking became socially acceptable.
Bernays was convinced that it was news, and not advertising, that was the best means of delivering an advertising message to an unsuspecting population.

One of Bernays's favorite tricks for manipulating public opinion in favor of his clients was the use of authority figures. He said that "if you can influence leaders, whether they realize it or not, you automatically influence groups of people under their influence." For example, to stimulate the sale of bacon, he conducted a study that concluded that the American public eats a very light breakfast of coffee, a muffin, and orange juice. After talking to his doctor about this, he learned that a hearty breakfast is better than a light one because the body loses energy at night and needs it during the day. Then Bernays arranged for a newspaper article that stated that bacon and scrambled eggs should be its main ingredients. As a result of these actions, bacon sales went up.

While serving on the Woodrow Wilson administration's Committee on Public Information during World War I, Bernays promoted the idea that the U.S. military's efforts were primarily aimed at "establishing democracy throughout Europe."
Overwhelmed by the success of the idea of supporting democracy among the population at home and abroad, Bernays wondered if the same propaganda model could be used in times of peace. Due to the negative connotation of the word "propaganda" used by the Germans during the First World War, he replaced it with the term "public relations".

I find these ideas incredible as they are not a hype but a really well thought out strategy to manipulate public opinion.

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I would like to thank Victoria and Ekaterina for a really informative and well-structured presentation. The topic was explained in detail and qualitatively.
Insights that I took out for myself from this topic:
Internal public relations refers to the promotional communication that takes place within an organization. It is designed to ensure that your employees love working for your company, and are happy and engaged.
Improving internal PR involves developing effective communication strategies and maintaining transparency within the organization. Here are some tips to improve internal PR:
1. Develop a clear communications plan and ensure that all employees are aware of it.
2. Foster a culture of open communication and encourage employee feedback.
3. Provide regular updates on company news and developments.
4. Create opportunities for employees to engage with leadership and express their ideas and concerns.
5. Use multiple channels to communicate with employees, including email, intranet, and social media.
6. Encourage employee advocacy and recognize the contributions of individual employees.
7. Train employees on PR best practices and how to effectively communicate with the media.
8. Monitor and measure the effectiveness of your internal PR efforts.
By implementing the above strategies, you can effectively manage communication within your organization and improve employee engagement and satisfaction.

Also, in order to successfully write a PR text for the Internet platform, you must first identify your target audience and tailor your message to their needs and interests. You should also ensure that your writing style is clear, concise, and engaging, using attention-grabbing headlines and compelling visuals to capture your readers' attention. It's important to maintain a professional tone throughout your writing and to avoid making any false or misleading claims, as this can damage your organization's reputation. Finally, be sure to proofread your work carefully before publishing it online to ensure that it is free of errors and reflects positively on your brand.

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TED TALK ON EDWARD BERNAYS, THE FATHER OF MODERN PUBLIC RELATIONS

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TED TALK ON EDWARD BERNAYS, THE FATHER OF MODERN PUBLIC RELATIONS

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Edward Bernays was an American business consultant who is widely regarded as having created the modern profession of public relations with his groundbreaking campaigns of the 1920s. He was the influential person and he used a technique called manufacturing of consent - manipulating people in a way they think the chose the product themselves. His techniques were well-known, published and widely discussed. His books were influential, and generations of public relations professionals have referred to them. Bernays has been widely regarded as a pioneer in the field of public relations, and many of his techniques have become common.

Bernays believed in the invisible government that controlled the society. Eventually excessive consumerism became the new definition of what the pursuit of happiness looked like (the two American dreams - freedom, responsibility and consumerism;  consumerism, conformity and overwork). It helped a lot the country's economy to recover after various crises and recessions.

How to jump out of the American Dream lie? Today we have fact checking is the antidote to manufacturing consent. Also, we should fact check our purchases and vote integrity over party.

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I really liked today's moderation. It was well-developed and well-structured. The topic was quite interesting and I found out a lot of new. Also, I liked the questions we were asked because it helped to express ourselves and overall digest information the moderators prepared for us. The presentation was very beautiful. So I want to thank moderators for making this lesson informative and fun at the same time!

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First, I would like to thank everyone who took part in our performance. It seems to me that compared to the previous experience, Karina and I managed to take into account the experience of our mistakes and make our performance more interactive and successful! I was pleasantly surprised when the guys were active even in not the simplest issues and we discussed so many things! In my opinion, we did it great and interesting, I hope everyone liked it❤️

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Katya and Karina's PR lesson on how media represents news was enlightening and engaging. Their use of excerpts from articles added depth to their presentation, stimulating critical thinking and promoting active engagement. The session was well-structured and encouraged open dialogue, leaving us with a heightened awareness of media literacy. I highly recommend adding videos to lessons for a comprehensive understanding of represented topics.

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I must say it was an enlightening and engaging experience. The moderators did a commendable job of discussing the outreach campaign and the importance of defining and understanding the target audience.

Throughout the lesson, Timofey and Artem demonstrated a deep understanding of PR strategies and the significance of effectively reaching out to the target audience. They effectively conveyed the key concepts and principles associated with an outreach campaign, leaving no room for confusion. Their explanations were clear, concise, and supported by relevant examples.

One aspect of the lesson that I found particularly valuable was their emphasis on the significance of identifying and understanding the target audience. They emphasized the importance of conducting thorough research to gain insights into the target audience's demographics, interests, preferences, and behaviors. By doing so, they helped us recognize the essential role that audience analysis plays in designing effective PR campaigns.

Furthermore, Timofey and Artem employed various teaching techniques to keep the class engaged and involved. They encouraged active participation by initiating group discussions, asking thought-provoking questions, and facilitating brainstorming sessions. These interactive elements created a dynamic learning environment where we could exchange ideas and learn from one another's perspectives. I also appreciated the practical approach taken by the moderators.

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Lessons From Writing 3,000+ Video Scripts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUdNFlnui3w

A video script is a necessary part of creating a successful business video to promote your product or brand.

To create a quality video you need:

1. Plan your video (this will help you understand the structure and not get confused in ideas, and also do everything in sequence).

2. Write the first draft

3. Edit the Script

4. Collaborate with shareholders (this will bring new ideas to your project, as well as help to potentially spread it to a wider audience).

Tucker Carlson - Ship of Fools - Booktalk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AM7RVvv_SHs

A Ship of Fools: How a Selfish Ruling Class Is Bringing America to the Brink of Revolution is a non-fiction political book by former Fox News host Tucker Carlson. Ship of Fools was released on October 2, 2018, ahead of the midterm elections.

Carlson's thesis applies the allegory given by Plato in The Republic to the contemporary United States: an American state ship was taken over by an incompetent crew (the current political and economic elite of the ruling class) who are oblivious to or dismissive of the needs of the passengers). At the same time, this incompetent team is absolutely intolerant of criticism. Carlson does not limit his definition of elite to liberal members of Congress, but includes both Republican and Democratic politicians, neoconservative pundits, and entrepreneurs, whom he accuses of destroying the American middle class. Over the past 50 years, the middle class in the United States has been steadily shrinking, which previously included the vast majority of American adults. The proportion of American adults living in middle-class households has fallen from 61% in 1971 to 50% in 2021, according to a new analysis of Pew Research Center data. “The shrinking middle class has been accompanied by an increase in the proportion of adults with higher incomes – from 14% in 1971 to 21% in 2021 – and an increase in the share of low-income citizens from 25% to 29%. These changes happened gradually, the share of adults in the middle class decreased every decade from 1971 to 2011, but then remained unchanged until 2021, ”the study notes. The median income of middle-class families in 2020 was 50% higher than in 1970 ($90,131 vs. $59,934). This process has been slow, but mostly steady, with the exception of the period from 2000 to 2010, the so-called "lost decade", when incomes fell everywhere. The median wealth of low-income households grew more slowly, rising only 45% from $20,604 in 1970 to $29,963 in 2020. From 1970 to 2020, the income growth of families with higher incomes has been the sharpest. Their average income increased by 69% during this time, from $130,008 to $219,572. As a result of these changes, the income gap between families with higher incomes compared to others also widened. In 2020, the median income of higher-income American households was 7.3 times that of lower-income people. In 1970 the gap was 6.3.

It is worth noting yo mention that for the first time a book with the title "Ship of Fools" was a satirical and didactic poem by the outstanding German humanist Sebastian Brant. The first edition appeared in 1494. In this book, he very angrily and aptly castigates the vices and stupidity of his contemporaries.

Both books made a splash due to their relevance and touched upon everyday issues of the public of their time.

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Thank you very much to Katya and Karina for the amazing moderating. It was really interesting to work with the article clippings to understand what people in the PR industry need, how to best position information and how to define their target audience. I would have one piece of advice that Media is very spreading information in their posts or articles, they are quite stereotyped and uninteresting. I am stating dry facts, as one of the independent media in Russia does, it would be much better attaching a video for a few seconds and a slide show with photographs. This would grab the reader's attention.

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit#heading=h.txca6h740l3v

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EeW-T8ksqzkPGd1qYYAaIhZFJ2CQQUybt3dbUPLF7PI/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

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Thanks to the presentation and cases of Artem and Timofey on drawing up an effective strategy for brands, I made the following conclusions for myself:

The strategy allows you to effectively achieve the main goals of PR, such as building an image / reputation, brand promotion, information support and working with the audience. With the help of a PR strategy, a brand or company creates demand and promotes through communication and communication with the target audience. The impact on the segments occurs at the informational, emotional and behavioral levels. PR-strategy consists of three blocks: creative, media and marketing.

An effective PR strategy should include:
- Analysis of the current state;
- Analysis of competitors;
- Specifically designated direction;
- Desired end result;
- Schedule of work and events;
- Budget and funds attracted under it;
- Risk assessment;
- Installed controls;
- System for evaluating results.

It is important to take into account rapidly changing PR trends, the analysis and understanding of which increases the chances of campaign success. Rational use of the variety of available tools also contributes to the rapid adaptation of the campaign to the situation. Moreover, the ever-increasing competition forces us to resort to more and more non-standard and original methods of PR campaigns and interaction with the audience, such as various types of covert PR. Standard tools include TV, radio, events, charity.

Behind successful creative PR campaigns there is always a well-thought-out strategy, although creativity is an integral part of marketing, advertising and PR.

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I was absent from the lesson on this date, but since I got acquainted with the material, I would like to highlight the following aspects.

Certainly the most important aspect of any outreach campaign is to first know your target audience. Once you have clearly identified the target, all other aspects of your communications plan may readily fall into place. Some of the demographic identifiers most critical to a communicator are age, gender, and income level. Publics and stakeholders are those who share some sort of interest in the issues and outcome of an endeavor; they could be stockholders, employees, customers, members of the community, government regulators, vendors, suppliers, distributors, or even competitors. Being a stakeholder does necessarily mean having a financial stake or even awareness that one may be connected to a company or program's work.

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I really liked the lesson that Guzeli and Valeria tried. I liked the interactive, which showed the pronounced problems of the PR sephra. A special video that showcased different types of people in the industry. For example, an aggressive senator and a confused head of a company. Thanks to the material, I better understand how to prepare for tricky questions at the conference and interesting people.

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I enjoyed attending a PR lesson moderated by Guzel and Valeria, and I must say it was an excellent learning experience. The moderators did a fantastic job of keeping the class engaged and providing interactive activities to reinforce the concepts from the previous lesson.
I was impressed with the way Guzel and Valeria conducted the class. Their teaching approach was accommodating and made sure that everyone in the class understood each point. They used various interactive activities to engage the class, which made the lesson more enjoyable and productive. Additionally, they used different teaching methods, including group discussions, quizzes, and role-playing exercises, to help us understand the concepts better.
One aspect of the lesson that stood out to me was the way they incorporated the previous lesson's concepts into the current session. By revising the concepts we learned earlier, they helped us to recall and understand the fundamental principles of PR better.
Another aspect of the lesson that I appreciated was the way the moderators encouraged group discussions and participation. They created a comfortable learning environment that allowed us to share our thoughts and ideas without fear of being judged.

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It is so interesting to review previous expeperince on moderating a lesson and see how my perception and attidute changed. This time it was easier to plan a lesson because I felt more confident. On the other hand, it was harder to prepare materials this time – in my opinion, PR course is not structured as well as buisness communication. There are chapters of book which we studied and made a presentation. It would be better if the course had more media material, like videos and tabels.
My favoutite part of the lesson was when we analyzed Nike's PR campaign, this case was interesting to discuss.
I'm glad that I worked with Valeria, we communicate easily and find ways to combine our parts of the lesson.
The most debatable topic of the lesson was at the end, when we watched a video with Mark Zuckerberg. It was really interesting to hear different point of views.
We were also recommended to see this video about design thinking: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SemHh0n19LA
and this one with Elon Musk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WC9JlG-ZXX0

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5 steps to designing the life you want  | Bill Burnett | TEDxStanford

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Thank you very much to the moderators for the useful and verified information. I began to better understand what PR is in the modern world and how it differs from advertising and marketing. Because initially, in my opinion, these were the same things that simply integrated with each other or multiplied as a bureaucratic apparatus. Thanks to the moderators, I can correctly operate with concepts and apply them in my language. Also now I understand how they work together and separately from each other, how they influence positively and negatively from each other.

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I had the pleasure of attending a PR lesson moderated by two of my classmates, Natasha and Maria, and I must say that it was an incredible experience. Their presentation was well-structured, engaging, and informative, making it an enjoyable and productive session.

From the onset, Natasha and Maria demonstrated their mastery of PR concepts by providing a clear definition of the field and its importance. They discussed the different aspects of PR, including public relations tools, strategies, and tactics. Their knowledge of the topic was evident in the way they articulated each point and answered our questions promptly and in detail.

I was particularly impressed by their presentation skills, which were top-notch. They used various visual aids, such as slides, images, and videos, to supplement their explanations, making the lesson more engaging and interactive. The presentation was also well-paced, allowing us enough time to take notes and ask questions.

Furthermore, the moderators' teaching approach was accommodating, and they made sure everyone in the class understood each point. They used real-life examples, case studies, and analogies to drive home their points, making the concepts easier to grasp. Their delivery was friendly, humorous, and professional, creating a safe learning environment. The lesson moderated by Natasha and Maria was not only informative but also fun and engaging.

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Opinion about the first unit of the course on PR:
I tend to think that PR and any knowledge related to promotion and the ability to work with public opinion are absolutely necessary, since we live in the age of a large number of information products, brands, and sometimes we need to present ourselves as a brand (for example, when applying for a job). So I am sure that this course will be useful for all of us. It is also closely related to consulting tasks, which are leading in my main specialty, and is a good training for creating various strategies.
Reflection about moderation: being a moderator for the second time is not as nervous as the first time, because you already know how to calculate the time correctly, what proportionality should be between the theoretical part and the activities of other students and other factors, the totality of which affects the final result. I am convinced that this practice is useful in many areas: the development of interpersonal relations with your colleague on the moderation, the development of public speaking skills and interaction with the audience, training in the skill of time management. As for me, such an experience helps to become more confident in yourself and present yourself correctly in public.
Speaking about the problematic points that should be taken into account in the future, it can be noted that the questions and tasks were too difficult for the guys, so the activity of the audience was a little lower than usual. In addition, the introduction to a new topic should have more of a theoretical part than usual, which may seem tedious to the audience.
In any case, I was pleased with the result of the work done and I want to thank everyone who helped make this moderation interesting and exciting!

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Виктория Смольянинова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kafo2JFLiG2g9ECvIQFo3p18tQYmsdTtT2QqZYXyk9I/edit

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

# data[].attributes.body
UNIT 1

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1v5OOkP7KS6v86EEA1wQBolDAclblITRXVE26NI7cw_I/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XzZ7MBbIt5MplH-BxgpLf8fg99rXFi3ecDStFO7lV00/edit?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Кристина Ушакова

# data[].attributes.body
Syllabus Communication - Google Документы

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Ольга Геннадиевна Малиновская

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I really enjoyed the lesson :) Girls made a great job organizing it and structuring the material. It was the right proportion of their activity and group's participation during the lesson. The presentation was exceptionally good, I wish I could make something like that. It seemed to me that the test was a little bit easy because I took the first place!! The affirmation was funny to listen to and it truly cheered me up (and I think everyone else :)) So, I think Natalia and Maria were great moderators and they worked hard to make our lesson productive, informative and engaging.

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I really liked this lesson and how it was organized. The topic of the lesson and the activities that speakers provided were corresponding and complementing each other greatly. We discussed so many topics and more importantly shared our expierences and opinions on them. The affirmation at the beginning of the lesson was hilarious and uplifting! I also liked the test, I enjoy this format of checking our knowledges a lot. And of course, the case-study was interesting to solve and think about.
Maria and Natalia did a great job on making this lesson so fascinating, everyone were really involved and active. Their comments to our answers also helped to understand the topic better. Thanks for such exciting and informative lesson and excellent moderation!

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Self-reflection being a moderator (March 17)

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Self-reflection being a moderator (March 17)

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Being a moderator is both exciting and challenging. Firstly, it is necessary to take into account many features such as time management, audience engagement, and the depth of the covered material.

Thanks to the experience I have gained, I have made the following rules:

- despite the fact that we strictly worked out the material in time, conducted the final rehearsal and shortened the material,  during the class some issues had to be covered in less detail than we would like in order to fit in a class, which made us a little nervous, but nevertheless, we coped with it on time, as a result of which in the future it will simply be necessary to reduce the number of activities/subtopics;

- important factors in the process of teaching, explaining the material, and public speaking are the level of audience involvement, which directly depends on factors such as the speaker's speech and the amount of interactivity. In my moderation, I tried to use live emotional speech so that people on the other side of the screen would not get bored from monotony. Open questions, discussions and activism are also an engaging factor. But on the other hand, it is important not to overdo it, so as not to bore the audience.

Speaking about working in collaboration with Maria, I want to note that it is always the most pleasant pastime, without hassle, with an equal and high-quality distribution of responsibilities. Maria is an incredibly responsible and pleasant person.

I would also like to note the level of activity on the part of the audience, absolutely every person present at the couple shared their experience or opinion regarding any issue. It was nice to see such involvement, to hear different experiences and opinions, which gave strength, calmed down, and showed that all the work was not done in vain.

In conclusion, I would like to express my gratitude to our teacher for the opportunity to take her place, the guys for being active and involved, as well as supportive, as well as Maria and myself for the quality work!

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Being a moderator seemed to be easy at first when I got my assignment but the more I delved into the information and the process of preparing the materials, the harder it became. The main difficulty - a lot of information that needs to be sorted out, to be highlighted. And another difficulty for me was time-management because I thought that we wouldn't be able to be on time. That made me really nervous during the class. But next time I will keep in mind all the flaws and errors I had today. This experience helped me to see (for the first time in the university), how it's like to be "on the other side of the screen" i.e. in the role of professor.

Now, speaking about positive sides, it was fun choosing materials, activities that could be appropriate, hilarious and vivid. I enjoyed the fact the the group liked what we prepared - it is truly a rewarding experience. More than that, it was really exciting to hear my groupmates' answers to the questions that we prepared for the discussion. I learned a lot of new and broadened my horizons through the prism of other's experiences. Also, I adored working with my partner - Natalia. I want to thank her for amazing work and constant help and advice. I always treasure time whenever we get to work together.

Thank you guys for being active and sharing your memories, thoughts and experiences. I enjoyed a lot working with all of you.

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I believe guys did a great job preparing for the lesson! It was interactive, engaging and interesting, although I would suggest to use a bit less text on the slides the next time as it was a bit disturbing, you want to listen to moderators reading those long texts at the same time and it's kind of confusing. But the overall impression on the lesson is pleasant. I know what it costs you to work in a team and what kind of challenges may occur during the preparation process. So, yes, I think Vika and Amir were brilliant.

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I felt great as a moderator at yesterday's lesson. Although at the beginning he was very worried and confused, he managed to control himself. The group proved to be excellent, showed interest and tried to come up with non-standard solutions to tasks and cases. The atmosphere was wonderful, it was important for me to hear every answer and a personal approach to the problem and question. I am not the first to moderate and be a speaker, this is a great experience for my future. I plan to work in Liberal Arts or business, and for that I have to be... a speaker. And I believe that I will be one day.

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Interpersonal communication

It was ok to work in a team. I would say a little hard, since we met for the first time with my classmate. Different approaches to work, different interests and ideas. However, we managed to find a compromise. further communication was given quite easily and without conflict. There were no misunderstandings or unpleasant situations in the joint work.

Group communication

The guys are very active and expressed very interesting ideas. I especially liked it when the guys cited their personal experience as an example. It enriches knowledge. When students express their feedback, it energizes and motivates them to continue the lesson further and give interesting tasks, and not some banal things. It is especially interesting to watch how everyone works on cases in a team.
However, it was still hard for me to teach the lesson, especially if the guys were sitting with the cameras turned off. I understood the teachers who insist on turning on the camera and motivate our feedback with balls.

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Well, firsly I want to say a huge THANK YOU to the audience – it was a pleasure to interact with you and your engagement was outstanding! The lesson wouldn't be so exciting to moderate without your interest.
Secondly, this expierence was so authentic because I shared it with Valeria. We did everything together, had really long calls to discuss our materials and divide some tasks. It was not hard to collaborate on this lesson – it's not our first time working on projects with Valeria together and we understand each other well and cooperate greatly. Although, I can't disagree that it took a lot of time and effort, the result was definetely worth it. The feedback that we got here, in Padlet, and even in person is beyond all expectations.
Last but not least – this lesson was really special for me because my dear friend Tamara visited it and took part in it. It was such a surprise and seeing her almost made me burst in tears from happiness – but I tried to stayed focused to proceed to the lesson! It made me feel really nostalgic – I remembered the first course when we did such collaborative lessons with Tamara on critical thinking. It was also nice to notice how I have grown in my confidence as a speaker in 3 years – practice makes perfect!
All in all, I can say that I will cherish memories from this expirience for a long time.

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It seemed to me that this format of work, when we sometimes divide into groups to complete tasks, and then return to the main group and discuss everything together, is the most convenient. This way we can work out the task in more detail and quickly share feedback and insights. It seems the girls would be great teachers! They found a balance between how much they talked and how much we had to talk. And what is their presentation worth! Did you see that too? She's adorable! Colorful, capacious and informative, it was easy to follow the moderator's thought when he was telling something, because all the necessary information was supported on the slide.

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I would like to thank Valeria and Guzel for the work they have done, since during this lesson we were able to repeat in the quiz format all the material that we had studied before. Also, the material of the next unit was clearly explained by the girls. I was particularly impressed by the time management skills, because the girls were in no hurry, told everything at a calm pace, the lesson was divided into specific parts and finished on time. The assignment with the cover letter has become a key control point and as useful as possible, since each of us has faced or will face this. An interesting fact was that our group got an example of a decent cover letter, but even in it we were able to find such disadvantages as a lack of description of details (for example, what kind of work / what skills), a lack of appropriate self-concept, no official connotation and poor visual accompaniment.

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I want to thank Valeria and Guzel for doing an amazing job! I loved their moderation. They made our 4th class today very interactive and I didn't even notice how time flew. They had a very beautiful presentation which wasn't overloaded with information, highlighted all the necessary aspects of the topic. I loved the case study because it gave us an example of a perfect (at least decent) cover letter and a bad one.

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I enjoy the classes in which we get the chance to be teachers. We learn so much from these lessons!
Well, but that's not the main idea of my note. I believe that Katya is a born teacher, she has an ability of explaining terms in simple ways and actually involving people into the discussion. As for Artyom, I enjoyed his relaxed and simple manner of moderating the discussion in groups.
Interesting thing that I observed during this class was that for the most pert of our group it was important to have some kind of reinforcement in the form of visual communication from Artyom. As I already said in my previous note, I believe we are genetically made to understand through images, that's the first thing we get used to and acquaint ourselves with when we are born. The fact that most people found it difficult to follow Artyom's words without any visual representation justifies that fact.

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17.02 Виктория Смольянинова

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17.02 Виктория Смольянинова

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In my opinion, the understanding of the audience was quite broadly disclosed in the moderators' sessions. The interesting thing is that we should understand the audience not by how old they are, what gender they are, or what position they hold. But also pay attention to what they are wearing, how many and what hobbies they have, what kind of family they have, small or large, and preferably their favorite color, favorite season and month. At first it seems absurd, but in fact, from the point of view of psychology, knowing more small details about a person, we can make up a target type of behavior and his preferences about him. Thus, our performance will look brighter, more emotional and memorable. However, one question still torments me. And what to do when we meet a person for the first time. How should we proceed? Let's not send each new audience member a Google profile. to assess his psychological and physical condition. Perhaps I will try to answer this question. In most cases, people choose the event that interested them, or from which they want to get an answer to their question. So that will be a major factor in how you start interesting interactions with new people. Namely, to support them.

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Extra video prepared by Kate: How to engage an audience | Padraig Hyland

Tips that I highlighted for myself:
1) a personal story at the beginning of the speech attracts the attention of the entire audience;
2) the ability to speak clearly and confidently is a necessary factor for a successful performance;
3) relevant jokes help to remove tension and win over listeners.

Three key things you need to be successful as a communicator:
1. Insights: the message should carry something new, thanks to which the listeners look at the object from a different angle, otherwise the performance does not make sense.
2. Entertainment: boring performances lose their effectiveness because they do not hold the attention of the listeners.
3. Feel Good: A tense, stressful environment between the communicator and the recipient never produces the desired result.

Speaking points to help keep your audience engaged:
1. Telling a story: perceived by the audience as a good example, helping to understand what the speaker will talk about in the future.
2. Asking questions: Answers are an indicator of how attentive the audience is.
3. Take home message: if the presentation was really helpful, then the audience will learn a lesson for themselves and will use the tips in the future.

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Insights from class (17.02)

Get to Know Your Audience by Paulo Simas

My idea of understanding the audience has not changed after watching this video, but I liked the method of analysis that the speaker used, because it is such a deep analysis that will help you achieve your goal, sell the product, or get your message across.

In addition, it is worth considering this speech from the point of view of communication effectiveness:

1. The author uses the visual component, which manifests in the presentation, which displays photos, statistics, line graph, actual object, which makes it easier to perceive the percentages that the speaker is talking about.

2. Internal Summaries: the speaker smoothly guides the audience's perception to the change of information.

3. Repetition: in the conclusion, the author reiterates what he said earlier.

"Delivering a bad presentation - spot the mistakes"

Despite other problems of methods of communication, such as poor visuals, problems with the technical component, misunderstanding of one's own audience, It seems to me that one of the most serious problems here is the lack of empathy for the audience and the lack of two-way communication, which reduces the interest of the audience and the effectiveness of communication.

Thus, this video emphasizes the need for the speaker to be interested in what is happening and to be able to use non-verbal communication to show that you care about the audience.

Case prepared by moderators:

This case was my favorite part of this lesson, because it emphasized the importance of not only theoretical knowledge, but also its practical application. I realized for myself that I could not be an effective communicator in the role of a boss, despite the material I learned, only because of the lack of practice. Questions immediately arose in my head: “How to convey the absence of my guilt?”, “How to emphasize my static nature in communication?”.

Thus, I learned a lesson for myself.

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Today I really liked how the moderators conducted the meeting. It seems to me that the speaking format is much better than a simple lecture and questions. The information was presented simply and clearly, I wouldn't say that it was new, but rather a well-forgotten old one. However, I believe that today I still learned a lot of new things and consolidated what I forgot. The video materials allowed me to understand and see an example of effective communication with the target audience using a simple example. I'm glad that today's class was organized in such a way.

Thank You very much, dear colleagues who moderate this class for us today!

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Katya’s moderation was pretty well-structured and fun. Not only did we listened to the lecture with a beautiful presentation but watched a video that helped us to understand and process the huge amount of information better. For me theoretical materials are often hard to process but with the well-structured presentation it was easier. She did a great work!

Artem’s moderation was a lot of fun and in some way easy (if I can put it this way). Throughout our class it was pleasant to share opinions and discuss topics. We watched a video that at first I found strange because I didn’t pay attention to the caption (giving BAD presentation) and after I read it I laughed as I realized how cool and creative that was. It was really amusing. Then we discussed a case, quite controversial one, because it was connected with our own experience and background.

Thanks to both moderators for making our class so interactive and filled with miscellaneous opinions and stories. Thanks for listening to us and sharing.

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Chomsky's theory of universal grammar

Chomsky's ideas contain strong statements about universal grammar. According to his views, the grammatical principles underlying languages are innate and unchangeable, and the differences between the languages of the world can be explained by the attitudes of the brain.
I like this idea not from the point of view of its scientific or linguistic validity, but from the point of view of what prompted the scientist to such an idea. After all, many languages are really based on similar structures, a lot of borrowed words and similarity of grammatical structures. Another important point of this theory is the contextuality of a particular language - both cultural and historical.
Nevertheless, in my opinion, we cannot claim that Asian languages have a common grammatical structure with European languages, since the mental attitudes of the Asian culture are more hierarchical and disciplined, which is reflected in the absence of inflection, and the grammatical significance of the word order, while European languages are freer in this regard.

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I enjoyed being a moderator. I have longed to try myself as a teacher for a long time and since I don't have any professional background I was a bit nervous to present my activities to the class. But as soon as we started I realised that everything was going to be okay. I want to thank all my classmates for being so supportive during my experience and for active participation during the class. I must say that it is a safe environment for us to learn and try something new, to make mistakes and to realise them, to learn from them.

As for the video that I found on YouTube, I came up eith some insights that I would love to share. This is a perfect example of why it can actually be really helpful to have bad ideas. The theory of universal grammar was absolutly wrong about almost everything, but in seeking the answers for this question Chomsky found answers that no one had thought to look for. Also, I believe we are genetically made to understand through images. When learning a language we connect words to images(meanings). Our evolutionary process made this task something we do unconsciously in our mind in a matter of a few milliseconds. I also believe we are created to understand through images because our first form of communication was sign language and picture writing on the walls of the caves we lived.