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The letters in DNA and the proteins that interact with DNA can have chemical modifications that change the level at which genes are turned on and off. Certain epigenetic modifications can be passed from the parent cell to the daughter cell during cell division or from one generation to the next. The set of all epigenetic changes in a genome is called the epigenome.

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DNA methylation is altered in cancer so if we know what the normal methylation pattern is and then look at the methylation pattern in a tumor we could see what changes were taking place and which genes were affected.

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Epigenetics is a field of study focused on DNA changes that do not involve alterations in the underlying sequence.

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Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene function that are heritable and cannot be attributed to alterations in the DNA sequence. The term epi means above. It is a Greek prefix. Also defined as above the DNA base sequence

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The promise of epigenetics is that it tells us about the cell, it's a way of defining the cell that is different than simply looking at gene expression levels. Any type of cell we look at has specialized epigenetic patterns.