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in 1796 the annual rent increased t o The manor itself was sold for in 1746 , to T H O M A S A a c n c n, whos e fam ily had resided at Um b er sla de, in this county, for more th an six centur ies . It de scended from him to Andrew L oa n ARC H E R , who , at his demise, left the manor to his three daughters ; one married the Earl of Plymouth . The present Lord of the Manor, w ho succeeded his father, is C hr istolm er Musg ' rave , Esq . J ohn Arnold , Esq . is the Steward , who holds a C ourt Leet annually, when the ancient offi cers are chosen . After the extinction of the Bermingham family, the lords did not reside on the manor . This place gives the title of Baron Birmingham to Lord Viscount Dudley and Wa rd , who, by the female line is descended fr om the Norman Barons, the Fitz -Aus ca lfs, the Pa ga na lls, the Som er ys, the Suttons, and the Dudleys

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. In 1537 , J ohn Duke of Northumberland bec ame lord of the manor of Bir mingham, but it did not prosper under his government ; although b e exercised the ownership , he did not accept the grant until 1546 , w hen these cla mours h ad somewhat subsided . H e kept possession six or seven years only, w hen , through his ambition and artifi ces, he was attainted in the first of Que en Mary , and losing his head , fell unlamented and the manor reverted to the crown , w hich Queen Ma ry, in 1555, gr anted to Thomas M arrow, in Whose family it continued nearly two cent uries , when , from the male line failing, it became the property offour co-heiresses , who disposed of the private estate in the manor, to Thomas Shir lock , Bishop of London . It then amounted to about £400 . per annum ;

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In 1500 , E DW A RD B E R M I N G H A M succeeded his gr andfather at the a ge of three, being born in 1497 , and in his minority, Edward Lord Dudley w a s gr anted the wardship , by Henry VI I . in 1502 . The family estates then c onsisted of the manor of Bermingh am, fi ve others in the county of Oxford , one in Bucks , and one in Worc ester ; and after peaceable possession of these estates for nearly forty years , this ancient and illustrious famil y was overwhelmed by the ambitious and base J ohn Dudley, Duke of Northum berland , and his possessions sur rendered to the crown under a special Act of Parlia ment , w hich allowed the said Edward a nd his wife £40 a -year dur ing their lives . This Duke of Northumberland , being anxious to possess himself of this manor, by a wicked device contrived it that Edward de Bermingham was apprehended and prosecuted as one of a p arty of robbers, and his estates w ere given up to the crown as above stated a nd remaining nine year s, (probably so long th at the world might not c ensure the act ,) w a s, on December 2 1 5t , the 37th of Henry V I I I . granted , with the p atron a ge of the Rectory, and all the other estates of Edward de Berm ingham, to Viscount L ’ Isle, c ommonly known by the greater titles of E a rl of Warw ick a nd Duke of Northumber land . Mr . Hutton states that he knew of no branch of this family except that of which the Earl of Lowt h was head

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In 1340, SI R FO U R D E B E R M I N G H A M succeeded , was returned member forWa r w ick , 1352 , 1362 , and in several succeeding parliaments ; in 1376 Sir J ohn de Bermingham, was , in succession , retur ned member for the C ounties of Warwick , Bedford , and Buckingham .

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in 1306 ,William de Bermingham succeeded , but was not knighted until 1317; in 1324,W1 L L 1 A M D E B E R M I N G H A M , Lord Bermingham raised troops under Edward I I . , and in the fi rst year of Edwa rd I I I . was for the fi rst and only time summoned to parliament, by the title of Lord William de Bermingham .

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. In 1265 W I L L I A M D E B E R M I N G HA M redeemed his lands, a nd recovered the inheritance of his family ;

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; in , 12 16 Wr L L I A M D E B E R M I N G H A M , whose uncle w a s supp osed to be instr umental under St rongbow, in the reduction of Irel a nd , in the reign of Henry and who was rewarded with a n estate and the title of Ea rl of Lowth ; in 1246 , ‘VI L L I A M D E B na um a a n i ma rried the d aughter of the eminent Thoma s de Astley, a nd j oined him under Simon de Montfort , Ear l of Leicester, and , in 1265, fell in the battle aga inst Henry I I I . at Evesham . The b a rons were prescribed , and the manor of Bermingham ( valued at £40 . per annum) c onfi sc ated, and afterwards given by the King to Roger de Clifford , one of his favourites

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in 1 154, P E T E R m : B E R M I N G H A M , the fi rst of his family who took up the name of Bermingham, lived in a fil uence at the Moat near Bermingham

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I n 1050 , ULWIN became its poss essor ; in 1060, Richard , w ho lived

20 a t t he period of the conquest, succeeded him ; In 1 130 , W I L L I A M , who like his unfortunate father, was in a state of vassalage ;

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T H E M A N O R o r B IR M INGH AM was for many centuries the possession of the noble family of Birmingh a m . I l a /Ion s t a tes th a t C r idda , a S a xon , came over with a body o f b oom , and reduced M erci a , (of which Birm ingham w a s ne a rly in the centre) in 582 ; therefore as no revol ut ion h a ppened a fter, that would c a use Bin niugha m to change its owner, a nd as the land w a s not in a very s a le able state , there is the greatest reason to suppose the founder ofthe house o f Bin ningha m c ame over with C r idda a s an ofl i cer in his a nny . and procured this little flourishing dominion a s a rew a rd for his services . The succeeding generations ofthis family are too remote for historic a l penetration , a nd th e mutations oftime too va rious, until the reign o f E dwa rd the Confessor. the las t of the Saxon Kings

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Birmingham   becomes part of the newly formed county of West Midlands

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| Castle   Bromwich (west), Lyndon, Minworth (west) and North Sheldon incorporated into   Birmingham

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| Perry   Barr incorporated into Birmingham

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| Handsworth,   Aston, Erdington, King's Norton, Northfield and Yardley incorporated into   Birmingham

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Quinton   incorporated into Birmingham

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Grove   Lane Baths, Handsworth, opened

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| Queen   Victoria dies

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| Handsworth   Wood railway station opened. It closed again in 1941

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Harborne,   Balsall Heath, Saltley and Little Bromwich brought into the city

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Ear,   Nose and Throat Hospital opened in Edmund Street

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| General   Post Office built at Victoria Square

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Victoria   Law Courts opened in Corporation     Street

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Queen   Victoria   declares Birmingham   a city

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John   Bright dies

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Art   Gallery opened

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Jaffray Hospital, Wood End Lane, Erdington, opened

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Vegetable   Market opened in Smithfield

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| Saltley   filtration plant reconstructed

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Handsworth College opens

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Mason College opened - later becomes Birmingham University

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Small Heath Park (41 acres) opened

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3   year work starts on the building of Corporation     Street through the worst slums

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Burbury   Street Recreation Ground (4 acres) opened

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Summerfield Park (12 acres) opened

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Highgate Park (8 acres) opened

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King's   Norton railway station opened

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Tame   and Rea District Drainage Board established to improve drainage

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Gas   Committee formed with Chamberlain as Chairman

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| Public   Health Act

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Artisans'   Dwellings Act leads to the demolition of the worst slums

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Harborne   railway station opened

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Aston   Villa Football Club formed

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Cannon Hill Park (57 acres) donated   by Louisa Anne Ryland

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First   tramline opened from Colmore Row to Hockley by Birmingham and District Tramway Company

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Birmingham   Daily Mail   founded by John Feeney and John Jaffray

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Forster's   Education Act

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Wholesale   fishmarket opened corner of High Street and Bell Street

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Amendment   to the Reform Act on 1867 enfranchises all householders to vote in municipal   elections

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Josiah   Mason's Erdington Orphanage School opened

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Birmingham   Education Society and National Education League formed

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Factory   Act regulates working hours

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Birmingham   Trades Council formed at the Tamworth Arms in Moor Street

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Exchange   opened in a building by Edward Holmes at Stephenson Place/New Street

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Birmingham   Museum & Art Gallery opened. In 1878 it moves to Aston Hall

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Birmingham   Athletic Club formed

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Handsworth   Grammar School opened as The Bridge Trust School

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Northwood   Street baths opened

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Sutton   Coldfield railway station opened

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2,000   children under 10 years in employment

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First   Free Public Library opened on Constitution Hill with 6,500 volumes

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BSA   builds the Small Heath factory

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Charles   Edge completes the building of Birmingham Town Hall

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Woodcock   Street baths opened

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Reformers'   Union formed (first meeting held at the Town Hall)

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Aston   Park (50 acres) opened by Queen Victoria to the public

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John   Frederick Feeney starts the Birmingham Daily Post (late Birmingham   Post)

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John   Bright returned unopposed as MP for Birmingham

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Calthorpe   Park (31 acres) opened to the public

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Royal   Musical Hall Operetta House opened (orig. as "Music Hall")

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| Birmingham   & Midland Institute opened to provide a wide range of education, mainly   industrial

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| Aston   Railway Station opened
1854 | New   Street Station opened

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| Tonks'   Colosseum opened at Bingley Hall

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| Midland   Institute formed

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Workhouse   opened in Winson Green

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New   Theatre opened in Moor Street but closed again in 1856

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35.5%   of Birmingham children 5–15 attend day school

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General   Institution for the Blind opened

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St   Martin's Market opened in Jamaica Row

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Improvement   Act leads to the municipal corporation taking over sole responsibility for   public amenities

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Birmingham   Free Industrial School opened in Gem Street

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Cholera   epidemic

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Public   Health Act leads to an investigation of health conditions

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The   Chartist John Mason institutes the Central Committee of Trades to coordinate   strike activity

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Polytechnic   Institution founded but closed due to debt in 1848

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Hebrew   National School established in Hurst Street

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All   Saints School opened

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Birmingham   to Derby railway line opened

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Birmingham   & Edgbaston Proprietary School opened at Hagley Road, Five Ways

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New   King Edward Grammar School opened in New Street (founded 1552 by Edward VI)

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Edgbaston,   Bordesley (incl. Duddeston and Nechells) incorporated into Birmingham

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Birmingham   receives a charter of incorporation making it a municipal borough

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Birmingham   to Liverpool (-Manchester) railway line opened

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Victoria   acceeds to the throne

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Elkington's   electroplating works opened in Newhall Street

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Birmingham   Church Building Society founded

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Municipal   Corporation Act passed. This led to Birmingham receiving a charter in 1838

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Market   Hall opened

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Athenic   Institute opened for public sports

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Owen's   altruistic Equitable Labour Exchange opened for the relief of poverty