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How energy is produced for the different types of renewable energy ?

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How energy is produced for the different types of renewable energy ?

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What does renewable energy mean ?
Renewable energy is energy that replaces itself and does not run out; it is produced from renewable sources. The most popular renewable energy sources are:
Solar energy.
Wind energy.
Hydro energy.
Tidal energy.
Geothermal energy.
Biomass energy.
Renewable energies can be used for electricity generation, space and water heating and cooling, as well as transportation.

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Biomass is a renewable energy derived from organic materials such as trees, plants, and agricultural and urban waste. It can be used for heating, electricity generation, and transport fuels. Increasing the use of biomass in the EU can help diversify Europe's energy supply, create growth and jobs, and lower greenhouse gas emissions. It is also needed in the electricity production to balance variable renewables. From biomass we can generate heat  or electricity.

ADVANTAGES

1 It is carbon neutral:
In the photosynthesis cycle plants absorb an amount of carbon where biomass fuels only release into the atmosphere the same amount of carbon taken up by the plants.

2  Is less expensive than fossil fuels:

While fossil fuel production requires a heavy outlay of capital, such as oil drills, gas pipelines and fuel collection, biomass technology is much cheaper. Manufacturers and producers are able to generate higher profits from a lower output.

3 Installing a biomass boiler reduces household CO2 contributions:
By as much as 9.5 tons each year, making it an incredibly green way to run your home heating.

DISADVANTAGES

1 Not completely clean:
Although biomass is a carbon-neutral fuel source, it is not completely clean.
Emissions other than carbon are generated through the burning of wood and other plants. Although the effects of fossil fuels are more drastic, they can pollute the local environment.

2 High costs compared to other alternatives:
Although the cost of extracting biomass fuels is lower than most types of fossil fuels, it is still generally higher than many other forms of renewable energy.

This cost stems from the need to maintain biomass resources and replant the extracted biomass.

3 Space rquierements:
Biomass power plants require a lot of space, which limits the areas in which a plant can be placed.

Additional space is needed to grow the organic material itself; if power companies grow crops or trees for the sole purpose of bioenergy production, rather than using agricultural residues, this contributes to a larger land footprint per unit of electricity production.

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Hydroelectricity, or hydropower, is a renewable energy source  that generates electricity by altering the natural flow of a river or other body of water using dams or diversion structures.

ADVANTAGES

1. Hydropower is powered by water, so it is a clean fuel source.
Hydropower does not pollute the air like power plants that burn fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas.
fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas.

2. Hydropower relies on the water cycle, which is powered by the sun, making it a renewable energy source.

3. Hydropower creates reservoirs offering a number of recreational opportunities such as fishing, swimming and boating. Most hydropower facilities are obligated
to provide some form of public access to the reservoir so that the public can take advantage of these opportunities.

DISADVANTAGES

1.  Hydroelectric power plants can negatively affect the environment:
Since hydropower is a renewable energy source, the construction of hydropower plants has some significant environmental impacts. These include the disruption of animal migration routes, problems with water quality and the displacement of people or wildlife.

2. The construction of hydropower facilities is costly:
Because many hydropower plants are large infrastructure projects involving the construction of a dam, reservoir and power generating turbines, requiring significant monetary investment.

3. Limited reserves:
Although water is an unlimited resource, the conditions necessary to build a dam are limited. This is a disadvantage of hydropower meaning that a dam cannot be built on just any place.

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Wave energy (also known as ocean energy and ocean wave energy) is a natural form of energy derived from wave propulsion in the sea. It is produced and used by generators placed in the sea.

The energy produced depends on: the height of the wave, its speed, its wavelength and the density of the water.
Electricity produced from wave energy is often used in desalination plants, offshore water pumps and, above all, in power plants.

ADVANTAGES

1. Wave energy is renewable:
Unlike fossil fuels, wave energy comes from a renewable source.

2. Huge energy potential:
Waves carry enormous amounts of energy.
Wave energy densities are typically 30 to 40 kW per meter (2.2 feet) along the coastline.

3.Wave energy comes from a reliable source:
They are rarely "interrupted" and are constantly in motion.

DISADVANTAGES:

1. Harmful to marine life:
Although it is a clean energy source for the terrene environment, large equipment installed at sea can greatly disturb the seafloor, posing a threat to the underwater environment  Marine life can also be disrupted by noise pollution and habitat changes for organisms living near shore.
Also, toxic chemicals can flow from wave energy platforms  or seep into the water. This can cause severe and destructive water pollution effects for marine ecosystems.

2. Some locations would need their size or scope restricted:
Coastal facilities that collect wave energy and power would need to meet specific size restrictions in some locations.  This disadvantage could lead to limits on the amount of energy we could collect, making the investment questionable in some situations.

3. Wave energy and power equipment can affect marine life:
The equipment needed to generate power and waves can have adverse effects on marine life.This method of generating electricity can disrupt the magnetic fields that aquatic species use to migrate, find food and perform other activities.
It is the rotating turbines that create a hazard to some fish and mammals.

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Tidal energy is the use of  kinetic motion of water to power a generator. Tides and ocean currents, also known as tidal currents, turn into usable electricity.

It generates energy from the rise and fall of water, similar to how water flows through city water facilities.

ADVANTAGES

1. It is very predictable:
The energy that tidal power can generate is very predictable as ocean currents happen with a specific rhythm.

2.it is environmentally friendly:
In addition to being renewable, tidal energy is an environmentally friendly source of energy because it does not take up much space and does not emit greenhouse gases. The application of tidal energy produces less noise because the sound is transmitted through the water.

3.Profitability:
Tidal power plants have a longer lifespan and once built can produce electricity for many years.

DISADVANTAGES

1.Cost:
The construction of current tidal power stations is quite expensive. This is because they need to be extremely strong to withstand the force of the sea. For example, tidal dams are often built out of concrete, which makes the initial cost high.

2.It is still considered a new technology:
However, tidal power is limited, as the technology is just beginning to be developed and requires extensive research and ressources and a huge capital before reaching commercial status.

3.They affect marine life:
Just because tidal energy is renewable doesn't mean it's completely eco-friendly. The construction of tidal power plants can have a significant impact on the surrounding ecosystem.

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Water : OTEC ( ocean thermal energy conversion)

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Water : OTEC ( ocean thermal energy conversion)

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Is  a process or technology that generates energy by exploiting the temperature difference (thermal gradient) between surface seawater and deep sea water.

Energy from the sun heats the surface waters of the ocean. In tropical regions, surface water can be much warmer than deep water.

ADVANTAGES

1. No impact on the environment:
There are studies showing that the effects show no impact on the ocean environment. This makes it one of the safest and least disruptive energy development methods available.

2. Fresh water is generated:
Existing OTEC plants are known to generate up to 7,000 liters of fresh water per day. This is water that can be used in agricultural applications, as well as water that can be sent to arid regions.

3. It is a truly clean, renewable source of energy:
OTEC's energy development does not produce any pollution. It always generates power 24 hours a day. This will provide communities with a constant source of energy that they can always rely on.

DISADVANTAGES

1. It is not a cost-effective technology right now:
It is still more expensive than solar or wind production in many places, so OTEC will have to invest in research and development applications to be profitable in the future. These one-time costs are not always sustainable.

2. It is a site-specific technology:
Ocean thermal energy conversion requires a sufficiently large, near-shore site. The temperature it also in the seawater for the use of OTEC technology to be a viable option.

3. It requires expensive transportation options:
The logistics of transporting the energy generated and treating the freshwater generated as a side effect of the process can be quite expensive. When managed properly, it can be a very profitable business, but the investment of time and money to achieve this can be quite substantial.

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Geothermal energy is heat that is generated within the Earth. ( Geo means “earth,” and thermal means “heat” in Greek.) It is a renewable resource that can be harvested for human use.

ADVANTAGES

1. Renewable:
Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source that will last until the Earth is destroyed by the Sun. The Earth's hot water reservoirs are naturally replenished, making it renewable and sustainable.

2. Sustainable/stable:
Geothermal energy provides a reliable source of energy compared to other renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. In fact, the resources are always available for extraction, unlike wind or solar energy.

3. Rapid Evolution:
Geothermal energy is being explored a lot at the moment, which means that new technologies are being created to improve the energy process.  With this rapid development, many of the current disadvantages of geothermal energy will be reduced.

DISADVANTAGES

1.Environmental Side Effects:
Although geothermal energy generally does not release greenhouse gases, many of these gases stored beneath the Earth's surface are released into the atmosphere during excavation. Although these gases are also released naturally into the atmosphere, their proportion increases near geothermal power plants.

2. Earthquake:
Geothermal energy also has the potential to cause earthquakes. This is due to the change in the earth's structure due to the excavation process.

3. High cost:
Geothermal energy is an expensive resource to harness, with prices ranging from $2 million to $7 million for a 1-megawatt plant.

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Wind energy, or wind energy, is generated using a wind turbine, a device that harnesses the power of the wind to generate electricity. Wind blows turbine blades, which are attached to a propeller. The rotor then spins a generator to generate electricity.

ADVANTAGES

1. Reduce fossil fuel consumption:
Generating electricity from wind power helps reduce the need to burn fossil fuels. It also helps preserve the Earth's dwindling reserves of natural resources. As a result, reserves of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas will last much longer.

2. Wind energy is free:
Wind is available and free to all for recreational purposes (such as sailing and windsurfing). Utilities use it to power wind turbines that are often installed as part of onshore or offshore wind farms.

3. Wind power can provide electricity to remote locations:
Wind turbines can play an important role in bringing electricity to remote locations. This can benefit everything from small villages to remote research facilities.

DISADVANTAGES

1.Wind turbines are highly susceptible to lightning damage:
Due to their tall, metallic shape, which in very rare cases can pose a danger to nearby animals or people.

2. Turbines produce noise and disrupt visual aesthetics:
Wind farms have a different environmental impact than conventional power plants, but there is similar concern about both the noise generated by turbine blades and the visual impact on the landscape.

3. Wind power plants can affect local wildlife:
Although wind projects rank lower than other energy developments in terms of impact on wildlife, research is still needed to minimize interactions between wind and wildlife.

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Solar thermal/power generation systems collect and concentrate sunlight to generate the high temperatures needed to generate electricity. All solar thermal systems have a solar collector with two main components:
reflector (mirror) captures and focuses sunlight onto the receiver. In most types of systems, the heat transfer fluid is heated and circulated through the collector and used to generate steam.
Solar photolvataic energy:
Is energy from sunlight. It is an excellent source of renewable energy available worldwide. This type of energy is produced by the photoelectric effect:
a photovoltaic cell that absorbs photons (particles of light) from solar radiation and converts them into electricity.

ADVANTAGES

1. Renewable energy:
The solar function can be used as long as there is sunshine and its lifetime is long enough to meet your needs, especially with several billion years of backup.

2. Diversity:
The applications of solar energy can be considered multiple. In particular, it has the option of generating heat with solar energy or electricity with photovoltaics.
It can be used in some places where there is no electricity grid. In addition, it can also be used in building materials.

3. Reduce your electricity bill:
By using a solar collector, such as solar panels installed on your home, your energy bills will most likely decrease. However, it depends on the size and capacity of the solar device and your consumption.

DISADVANTAGES

1.Relocating a solar system when moving home (Usually) isn’t possible:
Normally, you cannot bring a solar system with you when you move to another house. Even if it's technically feasible - and that means the system "could have been around for a few years now" must meet the latest standards- it's almost guaranteed to be much better to just have a new system in place, in a new residence.

2. Factoring in variables:
Solar systems are environmentally friendly, but they are not usually easy to move and change - it is important to understand the variables that exist around their use. These variables can have a significant impact on the performance of a rooftop solar system from one home to another.

3.The importance of maintenance:
Even a great solar system will begin to operate inefficiently if it is not properly maintained. As a general rule, it is important to clean your solar system every 6 months to maintain peak performance (although more often may be better under certain conditions).

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Hydrogen fuel cells will produce electricity by combining oxygen and hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen will react with oxygen through a battery-like electrochemical cell to produce water, a small amount of heat and electricity. Several types of fuel cells are available for a diverse range of applications.

ADVANTAGES

1.1. It is always available:
Hydrogen is a fundamental element of the Earth and is abundant. However, it takes a long time to separate hydrogen gas from its companions.

2. It produces no harmful emissions:
When hydrogen burns, it does not emit harmful substances. Essentially, it reacts with oxygen without burning, and the energy it releases can be used to generate the electricity used to power electric motors.

3. It is environmentally friendly:
Hydrogen is a non-toxic and rare substance for a fuel source. Others, such as nuclear power, coal and gasoline, are toxic or found in unsafe environments. Because hydrogen is environmentally friendly, it can be used in a way that other fuels cannot match.

DISADVANTAGES

1. High production costs:
One of the major pitfalls of hydrogen fuel cells is that they are very expensive to manufacture. Currently, the energy is not efficient enough to produce hydrogen energy efficiently.

2. Flammable:
Although non-toxic, it is certainly flammable. The danger comes from the hydrogen gas itself, which is highly flammable, even explosive. This will unnecessarily add new risks to society.

3. Much work remains to be done:
The use of fuel cells is very recent, and there is still a lot of progress and research to be done before it can be used on a large scale. Even the rational part of their use is not fully understood, and many people think it is just a fairy tale.